better known by the pen name Carlo Collodi

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
Carlo Lorenzini (November 24, 1826 – October 26, 1890), better known by the pen name
Carlo Collodi, was a Florentine children’s writer and journalist, best known as the creator of
Pinocchio, the wooden boy puppet who came to life: The Adventures of Pinocchio, first
serialized in Il giornale per i bambini (The Children’s Magazine) as Le avventure di Pinocchio
(1881-1883).
Biography: During the Wars of Independence in 1848 and 1860 Collodi served as a
volunteer with the Tuscan army. His active interest in political matters may be seen in his
earliest literary works as well as in the founding of the satirical newspaper Il Lampione. This
newspaper was censored by order of the Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1849 but re-emerged in
May 1860.
Lorenzini had won fame as early as 1856 with his novel In vapore and had also begun
intense activity on other political newspapers such as Il Fanfulla; at the same time he was
employed by the Censorship Commission for the Theatre. During this period he composed
various satirical sketches and stories (sometimes simply by collating earlier articles), including
Macchiette (1880), Occhi e nasi (1881), Storie allegre (1887).
In 1875, he entered the domain of children's literature with Racconti delle fate, a translation
of French fairy tales by Perrault. In 1876 Lorenzini wrote Giannettino (inspired by Alessandro
Luigi Parravicini's Giannetto), the Minuzzolo, and Il viaggio per l'Italia di Giannettino, a series
which explored the re-unification of Italy through the ironic thoughts and actions of the character
Giannettino.
Lorenzini became fascinated by the idea of using an amiable, rascally character as a means
of expressing his own convictions through allegory. In 1880 he began writing Storia di un
burattino ("The story of a marionette"), also called Le avventure di Pinocchio, which was
published weekly in Il Giornale dei Bambini (the first Italian newspaper for children).
Lorenzini died unaware of the fame and popularity that awaited his work; as in the allegory of
the story, Pinocchio eventually went on to lead his own independent life, distinct from that of the
author. It has been said that this was one of the inspiring themes of Luigi Pirandello's Sei
Personaggi in Cerca d'Autore (Six Characters in Search of an Author). Lorenzini died in
Florence in 1890 and is interred at San Miniato al Monte Basilica.
Pinocchio is a fictional character that first appeared in 1883, in The Adventures of Pinocchio
by Carlo Collodi, and has since appeared in many adaptations of that story and others. Carved
from a piece of pine by a woodcarver named Geppetto in a small Italian village, he was created
as a wooden puppet, but dreamt of becoming a real boy. The name Pinocchio is a Tuscan word
meaning "pine nut" (the standard Italian term is pinolo), a compound of Italian pino meaning
"pine" and occhio meaning "eye."
History: The Adventures of Pinocchio is a story about an animated puppet, talking crickets,
boys who turn into mules and other fairy tale devices that would be familiar to a reader of Alice
in Wonderland or Brothers Grimm; in fact earlier in his career Collodi worked on a translation of
Mother Goose. However, Pinocchio's world is not a traditional fairy-tale world, instead
containing the hard realities of the need for food, shelter, and the basic measures of daily life.
The setting of the story is in fact the very real Tuscan area of Italy. It was a unique literary
melding of genres for its time. The story's Italian language is peppered with Florentine dialect
features, such as the protagonist's Florentine name.
Collodi originally had not intended the novel as children's literature; the ending was unhappy
and allegorically dealt with serious themes. In the original, serialized version, Pinocchio dies a
gruesome death—hanged for his innumerable faults, at the end of Chapter 15. At the request of
his editor, Collodi added chapters 16–36, in which the Fairy with Turquoise Hair (or "Blue Fairy",
as the Disney version names her) rescues Pinocchio and eventually transforms him into a real
boy, when he acquires a deeper understanding of himself, making the story suitable for children.

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
In the second half of the book, the maternal figure of the Blue Fairy is the dominant character,
versus the paternal figure of Geppetto, in the first part.
Children’s’ literature was a new idea in Collodi's time, an innovation in the nineteenthcentury.
Thus in content and style it was new and modern, opening the way to many writers of
the following century. Collodi, who died in 1890, was respected during his lifetime as a talented
writer and social commentator, but his fame did not begin to grow until after Pinocchio was
translated into English, for the first time in 1892, but, in particular, with the widely-read
Everyman's Library edition of 1911. The popularity of the story was bolstered by the powerful
philosopher-critic Benedetto Croce who greatly admired the tale.
Analysis: Pinocchio, in addition to being a children's tale, is a novel of education, with values
expressed through allegory. There are many ways of viewing these allegories. One is that they
mirror the values of the middle class of the nineteenth century, in particular, that of Italy, as it
became a nation state. For example, not following the schemes of the fox and cat (i.e. the
thieving noble class), but, instead, honestly working for money, and obtaining an education, so
that one is not treated like an ass (the mule working class). Unsurprisingly, although the book
was very popular, in many upper-class families of the time it initially was not a book regarded
suitable for "well-educated" children. It also is an allegory of contemporary society, a look at the
contrast between respectability and free instinct in a very severe, formal time. Behind the
optimistic, pedagogical appearance, the romance is sadly ironic, and sometimes a satire of that
very formal pedagogy and, through this, against the nonsense of these social manners in
general.
It contains many covert literary allusions. For example, the basic plot in which Pinocchio,
through idle curiosity, is transformed into a donkey and is then restored through the intervention
of a benevolent female spirit is taken from Apuleius' The Golden Ass, while his being swallowed
by a giant fish may owe something to the story of Jonah.
Plot: Beginning life as a simple pine log in Tuscany, Pinocchio is given to the carpenter,
Antonio, called Maestro Ciliegia (Master Cherry), who plans to carve him into a leg for his table.
When he begins, however, a little voice cries, "No, you hurt me!" Disturbed by the talking log,
Maestro Ciliegia continues to carve the piece of wood, when again the little voice wails its pain.
Becoming frustrated and confused, Maestro Ciliegia eventually gives up trying to carve the
wood, and ends up giving it to his friend, the carpenter Geppetto, known for disliking children,
who carves wooden dolls.
As soon as Pinocchio's nose has been carved, it begins to grow with his congenital
impudence. Once the puppet has been finished and Geppetto teaches him to walk, Pinocchio
runs out the door and away into the town. He is caught by a carabineer, but when people reveal
that Geppetto dislikes children, the carabineer assumes that Pinocchio has been abused and
imprisons Geppetto.
Once Pinocchio arrives home, The Talking Cricket, who has lived in the house for over a
century, tells him that boys who do not obey their parents grow up to be donkeys. In retaliation,
Pinocchio throws a hammer at the cricket, more accurately than he intended to, and accidentally
kills it. Unable to find food in the house, Pinocchio cries himself to sleep with his feet upon the
stove. The next morning he wakes to find that his feet have burnt off. His father, who has been
released from jail and has with him three pears for a meal, makes his son a new pair of feet.
Since Pinocchio says he is starving, Geppetto gives him the pears and teaches Pinocchio to
waste nothing. In gratitude, Pinocchio promises to go to school. Since Geppetto has no money
to buy schoolbooks, he sells his only coat.
The marionette theater: Pinocchio heads off to school, but on the way he hears music and
crowds. Curious, he follows the sounds until he finds himself in a crowd of people, all
congregated to see the Great Marionette Theater. Unable to withstand the urge, he sells his
schoolbook for tickets to the show. During the performance, the puppets Harlequin, Pulcinella,

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
and Signora Rosaura (who are on stage) see Pinocchio and stop acting, crying out, "It is our
brother Pinocchio!" While the puppets rejoice, however, the audience grows angry, and the
theater director, Mangiafuoco, comes out to see what is going on. Upset, he breaks up the
excitement and decides to use Pinocchio as firewood to cook his lamb dinner. After Pinocchio
pleads to be saved, Mangiafuoco gives in and decides to burn Harlequin. After Pinocchio pleads
for Harlequin's salvation, Mangiafuoco gives up. When he learns about Pinocchio's poor father,
he gives the marionette five gold pieces for Geppetto.
Encounter with the Fox and the Cat: As Pinocchio heads home to give the coins to his
father, he meets a fox (who pretends to be lame) and a cat (who pretends to be blind) on the
side of the road. They tell him that if he plants his coins in the Field of Miracles, outside the city
of Catchfools, then they will grow into a tree with a thousand gold coins. Believing them,
Pinocchio heads off on a journey to Catchfools with the Cat and Fox. On the way they stop at
the Inn of the Red Lobster, where the Fox and Cat gorge themselves on food at Pinocchio's
expense. During the night, the innkeeper wakes Pinocchio, saying that the Fox and Cat have
left on an emergency, but will meet up with Pinocchio in Catchfools. As Pinocchio sets off for
Catchfools, the ghost of the Talking Cricket appears, telling him to go home and give the coins
to his father. Pinocchio ignores him again, however, and sets off for Catchfools. As he passes
through a forest, the Fox and Cat, disguised as bandits, jump out and try to rob Pinocchio. The
marionette hides the coins in his mouth and runs up a tree, but the bandits kindle a fire
underneath it. Pinocchio jumps down and they try to pry his mouth open, but he bites the Cat's
hand off and escapes deeper into the forest. As Pinocchio runs through the forest, he sees a
white house ahead. Stopping to knock on the door, he is greeted by The Fairy with Turquoise
Hair. However, as he speaks to her, the bandits catch him and hang him in a tree. After a while,
the Fox and Cat get tired of waiting for the marionette to suffocate and leave.
First meeting with the Fairy: The Fairy with Turquoise Hair sends a falcon and a poodle to
rescue Pinocchio, and she calls in three famous doctors to tell her if Pinocchio is dead or not.
The first two (an owl and a crow) are uncertain, but the third—the Talking Cricket—knows that
Pinocchio is fine and tells the marionette that he has been disobedient and hurt his father. The
Turquoise Fairy asks Pinocchio where the gold coins are. Pinocchio lies, saying he has lost
them. As he tells this lie (and more) his nose begins to grow until it is so long he cannot turn
around in the room. The Fairy explains to Pinocchio that it is his lies that are making his nose
grow long, then calls in a flock of woodpeckers to chisel down his nose. "There are two kinds of
lies, lies with short legs and lies with long noses. Yours...happen to have long noses."
The city of Catchfools: Pinocchio and the Turquoise Fairy decide to become brother and
sister, and the Fairy sends for Geppetto to come live with them in the forest. Pinocchio heads
out to meet his father, but on the way he meets the fox and cat again (whom he had not
recognized as the bandits, even though he has a hint from the cat's bandaged front paw--which
he had bitten earlier; the fox tells him the cat had shown mistaken kindness to a wolf). They
remind Pinocchio of the Field of Miracles, and finally he agrees to go with them and plant his
gold. After half a day's journey, they reach the city of Catchfools. Everyone in the town has done
something exceedingly foolish and now suffers as a result. When they reach the "Field of
Miracles," Pinocchio buries his gold then runs off to wait the twenty minutes it will take for his
gold to grow. After twenty minutes, he returns, only to find no tree and—even worse—no gold
coins. Realizing what has happened, he goes to Catchfools and tells the judge about the fox
and cat. The judge (as is the custom in Catchfools) sends Pinocchio to prison for his
foolishness. While in prison, however, the emperor of Catchfools declares a celebration, and all
prisoners are set free.
As Pinocchio heads back to the forest, he finds an enormous serpent with a smoking tail
blocking the way. After some confusion, he asks the serpent to move, but the serpent remains
completely still. Concluding that it is dead, Pinocchio begins to step over it, but the serpent

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
suddenly rises up and hisses at the marionette, toppling him over onto his head. Struck by
Pinocchio's fright and comical position, the snake laughs so hard he bursts an artery and dies.
The farmer: While sneaking into a farmer's yard to take some grapes, Pinocchio is caught in
a weasel trap. When the farmer comes out and finds Pinocchio, he ties him up in a doghouse to
guard his chicken coop. That night, a group of weasels come and tell Pinocchio that they had
made a deal with former watchdog Melampo to let them raid the chicken coop if he could have a
chicken. Pinocchio says he wants two chickens, so the weasels agree and go into the
henhouse. Pinocchio then locks the door and barks loudly. The farmer gets the weasels and
frees Pinocchio as a reward. Pinocchio comes to where the cottage was and finds nothing but a
gravestone. Believing the Turquoise Fairy died from sorrow, he weeps until a friendly pigeon
offers to give him a ride to the seashore, where Geppetto is building a boat to go out and search
for Pinocchio. They fly to the seashore and Pinocchio sees Geppetto out in a boat. The puppet
leaps into the water and tries to swim to Geppetto, but the waves are too rough and Pinocchio is
washed underwater as Geppetto is swallowed by terrible shark. A kind dolphin gives Pinocchio
a ride to the nearest island, which is the Island of Busy Bees. Everyone is working and no one
will give Pinocchio any food as long as he will not help them. He finally offers to carry a lady's
jug home in return for food and water.
The Return of the Fairy: When they get to the house, Pinocchio recognizes the lady as the
Turquoise Fairy, now miraculously old enough to be his mother. She says she will act as
Pinocchio's mother and Pinocchio will begin going to school. She hints that if Pinocchio does
well in school he will become a real boy. Pinocchio starts school next day and after showing his
determination becomes a friend to all the schoolboys. A while later a group of boys tricks
Pinocchio into playing hookey by saying they saw a large whale at the beach. Hoping that it is
the whale that swallowed Gepetto, he accompanies them to the beach only to find he has been
fooled. He begins fighting with the boys and one boy grabs a schoolbook of Pinocchio's and
throws it at him. The marionette ducks and the book hits another boy named Eugene, who is
knocked out. The other boys flee while Pinocchio tries to revive Eugene.
Then two policemen come up and accuse Pinocchio of injuring Eugene. Before he can
explain, the policemen grab him to take him to jail — but he escapes and is chased into the sea
by the police dog. The dog starts to drown and Pinocchio saves him. The dog is grateful and
promises to be Pinocchio's friend. Pinocchio happily starts swimming to shore. Then The Green
Fisherman catches Pinocchio in his net and starts to eat the fish, saying Pinocchio must be a
very special fish. Taking off the marionette's clothes and covering him with flour, the ogre
prepares to eat Pinocchio. The police dog then comes in and rescues Pinocchio from the ogre.
On the way home, Pinocchio stops at a man's house and asks about Eugene. The man says
Eugene is fine, but that Pinocchio must be a truant. Pinocchio says that he is always truthful and
obedient. Again his nose grows longer and Pinocchio immediately tells the truth about himself,
causing the nose to shrink back to normal. Pinocchio gets home in the middle of the night. He
knocks on the door and a snail opens the third-story window. Pinocchio pleads to be let in and
the snail says he will come down. Since a snail is slow, it takes all night for the snail to come
down and let Pinocchio in. By the time the snail comes down Pinocchio has banged his foot
against the door and gotten stuck. The snail brings Pinocchio artificial food and the marionette
faints. When he wakes, he is on the couch and the Fairy says she will give him another chance.
Pinocchio does excellently in school and passes with high honors. The Fairy promises that
Pinocchio will be a real boy next day and says he should invite all his friends to a party. He goes
to invite everyone, but he is sidetracked when he meets a boy named Romeo—nicknamed
Candlewick because he is so tall and skinny. Candlewick is about to go to a place called
Pleasure Island/Land of Play, where everyone plays all day and never works. Pinocchio goes
along with him and they have a wonderful time in the land of Play—until one morning Pinocchio
awakes with donkey ears. A mouse tells him that boys who do nothing but play and never work
always grow into donkeys.

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
As a donkey: Within a short while Pinocchio has become a donkey. He is sold to a circus
and is trained to do all kinds of tricks. Then one night in the circus, he falls and sprains his leg.
The circus owner sells the donkey to a man who wants to skin him and make a drum. The man
throws the donkey into the sea to drown him — and brings up a living wooden boy. Pinocchio
explains that the fish ate all the donkey skin off of him and he is now a marionette again.
Pinocchio dives back into the water and swims out to sea — when he is swallowed by The
Terrible Dogfish. Inside the dogfish Pinocchio meets a tuna who is resigned to the fate and just
says they will have to wait to be digested. Pinocchio sees a light from far off and he follows the
light. At the other end is Geppetto, who had been living on a ship that was also in the dogfish.
Pinocchio and Geppetto and the tuna manage to get out from inside the dogfish and Pinocchio
heroically attempts to swim with Geppetto to shore, which turns out to be too far; however, the
tuna rescues them and brings them to shore.
Pinocchio and Geppetto try to find a place to stay. They pass two beggars, who are the Fox
and the Cat. The Cat is, ironically, really blind now, and the fox is actually lame, tailless (having
sold his tail for money) and mangy. They plead for food or money, but Pinocchio will give them
nothing. They arrive at a small house, and living there is the Talking Cricket, who says they can
stay. Pinocchio gets a job doing work for a farmer, whose donkey is dying. Pinocchio recognizes
the donkey as Candlewick. Pinocchio mourns over Candlewick's dead body and the farmer is
perplexed as to why. Pinocchio says that Candlewick was his friend and they went to school
together, causing Farmer John to be even more confused.
Traditional ending: After long months of working for the farmer and supporting the ailing
Geppetto he goes to town with what money he has saved (forty copper pennies to be exact) to
buy himself a new suit. He meets the snail, who tells him that the Turquoise Fairy is ill and
needs money. Pinocchio instantly gives the snail all the money he has, promising that he will
help his mother as much as he is helping his father. That night, he dreams he is visited by the
Fairy, who kisses him. When he wakes up, he is a real boy at last. Furthermore, Pinocchio
finds that the Fairy left him a new suit and boots, and a bag which Pinocchio thinks is the forty
pennies he originally loaned to the Blue Fairy. The boy is shocked to find instead forty freshly
minted gold coins. He is also reunited with Geppetto, now healthy and resuming woodcarving.
They live happily ever after.
Characters: While there is a wide array of characters in The Adventures of Pinocchio, from
coffin-carrying rabbits to a pedantic glowworm, below is a list of characters who play significant
parts, along with their Italian names, pronunciations of the given names, and short descriptions
of the characters.
• Pinocchio Pinocchio is a naughty, pine-wood marionette who gains wisdom through a
series of misadventures which lead him to becoming a real human as reward for his
good deeds.
• Mister Geppetto Geppetto is an elderly, impoverished woodcarver and the creator (and
thus father) of Pinocchio. He wears a yellow wig that looks like cornmeal mush (or
polendina), and subsequently the children of the neighborhood (as well as some of the
adults) call him "Polendina", which greatly annoys him. "Geppetto" is a nickname for
Giuseppe.
• Mister Antonio ([an tɔːnjo] in Italian, /ɑːn toʊnjoʊ/ ân·tō′·nyō in English; Mastro
Antonio): Antonio is an elderly carpenter. He finds the log that eventually becomes
Pinocchio, planning to make it into a table leg until it cries out "Please be careful!" The
children call Antonio "Mastro Cherry" because of his red nose.
• The Talking Cricket (il Grillo parlante): the Talking Cricket is a cricket whom Pinocchio
kills after it tries to give him some advice. The cricket comes back as a ghost to continue
advising the marionette.

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
• Mangiafuoco ([mandʒa fwɔːko] in Italian, / mɑːndʒə fwoʊkoʊ/ mân′·jə·fwō′·kō in
English; literally "Fire-Eater"): Mangiafuoco is the wealthy director of the Great
Marionette Theatre. He has red eyes and a black beard which reaches to the floor, and
his mouth is "as wide as an oven [with] teeth like yellow fangs". Despite his
appearances, however, Mangiafuoco (which the story says is his given name) is not evil.
• Harlequin (Arlecchino), Punch (Pulcinella), and Signora Rosaura: Harlequin, Punch,
and Signora Rosaura are puppets at the Theatre who embrace Pinocchio as their
brother.
• The Fox and the Cat (la Volpe ed il Gatto): Greedy animals pretending to be lame and
blind respectively, the pair lead Pinocchio astray, rob him, and eventually try to hang
him.
• The Innkeeper (l'Oste): an innkeeper who is in league with Fox and Cat, and tricks
Pinocchio into an ambush.
• The Fairy with Turquoise Hair (la Fata dai Capelli turchini): the turquoise fairy is the
spirit of the forest who rescues Pinocchio and adopts him first as her brother, then as her
son.
• the Owl (la Civetta) and the Crow (la Cornacchia): two famous doctors who diagnose
Pinocchio.
• the Judge (il Giudice): the gorilla judge of Catchfool.
• the Serpent (il Serpente): an enormous snake with a smoking tail.
• the Farmer (il Contadino): a farmer whose chickens are plagued by weasel attacks.
• The Terrible Dogfish (Il Terribile Pescecane): a mile-long, five-story-high fish;
pescecane, while literally meaning "dog fish", generally means "shark" in Italian
• Alidoro (del can mastino) ([ali dɔːro] in Italian, / ɑːli dɒroʊ/ â′·lē·dŏr′·ō in English): the
old mastiff of a carabineer.
• The Green Fisherman (Il Pescatore Verde): a green skinned ogre who catches
Pinocchio in his fishing net and attempts to eat him
• Romeo ([ro mɛːo] in Italian, / roʊmi.oʊ/ rō′·mē·ō in English)/"Lampwick" or
"Candlewick" (Lucignolo): a tall, thin boy (like a wick) who is Pinocchio's best friend and
a trouble-maker.
• the Little Man (l'Omino): the owner of Toy Country.
• the Manager (il Direttore): the ringmaster of a circus.
• the Master (il Padrone): a man who wants to make Pinocchio's hide into a drum.
• the Tunny Fish (il Tonno): a tuna fish as "large as a two-year-old horse" who has been
swallowed by the Terrible Dogfish.
• Giangio ([ dʒandʒo] in Italian; / dʒɑːndʒoʊ/ jân′·jō in English): the farmer who buys
Romeo as a donkey.
Adaptations
The story has been adapted into many forms on stage and screen, some keeping close to the
original Collodi narrative while others treat the story more freely. There are at least fourteen
English-language films based on the story (see also:The Adventures of Pinocchio), not to
mention the Italian, French, Russian, German, Japanese, and many other versions for the big
screen and for television, and several musical adaptations.
• Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy wrote a famous Russian adaptation of the book, entitled
The Little Gold Key or the Adventures of Buratino (1936) illustrated by Alexander
Koshkin, translated from Russian by Kathleen Cook-Horujy, Raduga Publishers,
Moscow, 1990, 171 pages, SBN 5-05-002843-4 (burattino is Italian for "puppet"). Leonid
Vladimirski later wrote and illustrated a sequel, Buratino in the Emerald City, bringing

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
Buratino to the Magic Land that Alexander Melentyevich Volkov based on the Land of
Oz, and which Vladimirski had illustrated.
• The Adventures of Pinocchio (1936), a historically-notable, unfinished Italian animated
feature film.
• The Disney animated film Pinocchio (released February 7, 1940). It loosely follows
Collodi's story and is considered a masterpiece of the art of animation. It was deemed
culturally significant by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the
United States National Film Registry.
• Pinocchio, a 1957 TV musical broadcast live during the Golden Age of Television,
directed and choreographed by Hanya Holm, and starring such actors as Mickey
Rooney (in the title role), Walter Slezak (as Geppetto), Fran Allison (as the Blue Fairy),
and Martyn Green (as the Fox). This version featured songs by Alec Wilder and was
shown on NBC. It was part of a then-popular trend of musicalizing fantasy stories for
television, following the immense success of the Mary Martin Peter Pan, which made its
TV debut in 1955.
• The New Adventures of Pinocchio A series of 5 minute stop-motion animated vignettes
by Jules Bass and Arthur Rankin Jr.
• Turlis Abenteuer an East German version released in 1967. In 1969 it was dubbed into
English and shown in the US as Pinocchio.
• Pinocchio (1968), a musical version of the story that aired in the United States on NBC,
with pop star Peter Noone playing the puppet. This one bore no resemblance to the
1957 television version.
• Un burattino di nome Pinocchio (1972) (The Adventures of Pinocchio for the
English/American version aka Las Fantasias de Pinocho for Spanish version), directed
from the great master of Italian Animation Giuliano Cenci. The Giuliano Cenci’s
Pinocchio, the Classic of the Italian Animation of the XX Century, of extraordinary
technical and artistic quality in "full animation", has been doubled from the greatest
Italian actors of the age directed from Lauro Gazzolo, with the advising of the Collodi
grandsons, Mario and Antonio Lorenzini, and the participation like narrator of Renato
Rascel.
• Le avventure di Pinocchio (1972), an exceptional high-quality TV mini-series by Italian
director Luigi Comencini, starring Andrea Balestri as Pinocchio, Nino Manfredi as
Geppetto and Gina Lollobrigida as the Fairy.
• Pinocchio (1976), still another live-action musical version for television, with Sandy
Duncan in a trouser role as the puppet, Danny Kaye as Geppetto, and Flip Wilson as the
Fox. It was telecast on CBS, and is available on DVD.
• A 1984 episode of Faerie Tale Theatre starring Paul Reubens as the puppet.
• Golden Films's Pinocchio, released in 1993 and produced by Diane Eskenazi.
• The Adventures of Pinocchio (1996), a film by Steve Barron starring Martin Landau as
Geppetto and Johnathan Taylor Thomas as Pinocchio
• Geppetto (2000), a television film broadcast on The Wonderful World of Disney starring
Drew Carey in the title role and Julia Louis-Dreyfus as the Blue Fairy.
• Pinocchio (2002), a live-action film directed by and starring Roberto Benigni.
• An opera, The Adventures of Pinocchio, composed by Jonathan Dove to a libretto by
Alasdair Middleton, was commissioned by Opera North and premièred at the Grand
Theatre in Leeds, England, on 21 December 2007.
Derivative works
• Cherubini, E (1911), Pinocchio in Africa, Italy.
• Tolstoy, Aleksey Nikolayevich (1936), The Golden Key, or the Adventures of Buratino,
Russia, a loose adaptation.
• (bronze statues of Pinocchio, the Cat, and the Fox) Fontana a Pinocchio, Milan, 1956.

Collodi, Pinocchio - overview
• (feature) Pinocchio in Outer Space, 1965: Pinocchio has adventures in outer space, with
an alien turtle as a friend.
• The Erotic Adventures of Pinocchio, 1971 was advertised with the memorable line, "It's
not his nose that grows!"
• Weldon, John (1977) (parody), Spinnolio, National Film Board of Canada. [2]
• (animation) Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night, 1987, a follow up.
• (movie) Edward Scissorhands, 1990 contains elements both of Frankenstein and
Pinocchio.
• Coover, Robert (1991) (novel), Pinocchio in Venice continues the story of Pinocchio, the
Blue Fairy, and other characters.
• Pinocchio's Revenge, 1996.
• Spielberg, Steven (2001) (film), A.I. Artificial Intelligence, based on a Stanley Kubrick
project that was cut short by Kubrick's death, recasts the Pinocchio theme; in it an
android with emotions longs to become a real boy.
• (movie) Shrek, 2001: Pinocchio was a character in the first three movies
• Shrek the Musical, Broadway, December 14, 2008.
• (CGI film) Pinocchio 3000, Canada.
• Teacher's Pet, 2004 contains elements and references of the 1940 adaptation and A.I.
Artificial Intelligence.
• Dine, James ‘Jim’ (2006) (illustrations), Steidl.
• (2007) (sculptural exhibition), Pinocchio, PaceWildenstein.
• Navok, Lior (2009) (opera). Two acts: actors, woodwind quintet and piano.
• Costantini, Vito (2011) (musical), The other Pinocchio, the first musical sequel to
'Adventures of Pinocchio'. The musical is based on (book) The other Pinocchio, Brescia:
La Scuola Editrice, 1999. The composer is Antonio Furioso. Vito Costantini wrote "The
other Pinocchio" after the discovery of a few sheets of an old manuscript attributed to
Collodi and dated 21/10/1890. The news of the discovery appeared in the major Italian
newspapers. [3] It is assumed the Tuscan artist wrote a sequel to 'The Adventures of
Pinocchio' he never published. Starting from handwritten sheets, Costantini has
reconstructed the second part of the story. In 2000 'The other Pinocchio' won first prize
in national children's literature Città of Bitritto.
• Carter, Scott William (2012) (novel), Wooden Bones is described as the untold story of
Pinocchio, with a dark twist. Pino, as he’s come to be known after he became a real boy,
has discovered that he has the power to bring puppets to life himself.
• Marvel Fairy Tales, a comic book series by C. B. Cebulski, features a retelling of The
Adventures of Pinocchio with the robotic superhero called The Vision in the role of
Pinocchio.
Literature
• Pinocchio, Geoffrey Brock, transl.; Umberto Eco, introd., New York Review Books, 2008.
• (in Italian & English) The Adventures of Pinocchio, Nicolas J. Perella, transl., 1986,
ISBN 0-520-07782-2, ISBN 0-520-24686-1.
• The Story of a Puppet or The Adventures of Pinocchio, Mary Alice Murray, transl.,
Wikisource, 1892.
• The Adventures of Pinocchio, Carol Della Chiesa, transl., Wikisource.
• * Pinocchio: the Tale of a Puppet at Project Gutenberg, Alice Carsey, illustr., 1916.
• The Adventures of Pinocchio, Carol Della Chiesa, transl.; Attilio Mussino, illustr.,
Illuminated books, 1926, http://www.illuminated-books.com/books/pinocchio.htm.
• Collodi (in Italian), The Adventures of Pinocchio, IT: Liber Liber,
http://www.liberliber.it/biblioteca/c/collodi/.
• Collodi (in English & Italian), The adventures of Pinocchio, IT: Libero,
http://digilander.libero.it/il_collodi/

Excerpted from different Wikipedia sites
Collodi, Pinocchio - overview