Research work on WSNs of Jia-liang LU - Wireless and Sensor ...

<strong>Research</strong> <strong>work</strong>s on WSNs
of Jia-liang LU
Sep 2008
SJTU WSN LAB
jialiang.lu@sjtu.edu.cn

Ph.D
• INSA Lyon (The biggest French Engineering School)
• 11.2004 to 05.2008
• 4 research teams:
– INRIA ARES project (a part of CITI lab)
– FT R&D Skills Centre IPv6
– FT R&D Grenoble : PACIFIC team
– FT R&D Beijing Centre, Chine
• Half time in FT R&D Beijing centre
• Half time in CITI Lab, INSA Lyon

Milestones
11/04 11/05 30/06/07
Work packages Achieved Work
Fundamental
mechanisms for WSN
France
Survey on Taxonomy and <strong>Research</strong> in WSN
Survey on self-configuration
Survey on self-organization
General architecture Broadcast analysis, FISCO, LEADS, LEGOS
Solution for efficient
data communication
Analysis of
organization
France China
Data dissemination
Data aggregation
Testbed
Entropy based concept
05/08

Contextes
• Multi-hop wireless net<strong>work</strong>s
– Ad hoc net<strong>work</strong>s, wireless mesh net<strong>work</strong>s
– WPAN
– Wireless sensor net<strong>work</strong>s
• Infrastructureless
• Easy deployment
• Large scale
• Limited energy resource
• Limited processing capability
Worldsens WSN430 node
• Target applications
– Intelligent building, environment monitoring
4

Key mechanism
• Self-organization
– Provide a logical topology based on the flat net<strong>work</strong>
– From local interactions
• Why … ?
• How …?
• What for … ?
5

• Self-organization
– Set up order in the net<strong>work</strong>s
– Local interactions
– Emergent behaviors
Why?
- quantifying with entropy
• Concept from statistical thermodynamic entropy

• Formulation:
Definition
• p(u,v) : local interaction probability
– Dynamics of nodes:
• u exists with probability p
• u is absent with probability q=1-p
– Link quality :
• A radio link (u, v) <strong>work</strong>s with probability c
– Way of organization
• Entropy variation: adaptability
[Lu2008] J. Lu, F. Valois, M. Dohler and D. Barthel. Quantifying organization by means of entropy. IEEE
Communication Letters, March, 2008.
7

• Example
– Flat net<strong>work</strong>
– Link (1) exists with
probability:
– Entropy:
Application of entropy
E flat = - 6p 1logp 1
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Example
LMST
Links (1) – (4) exist with probability:
Links (5) and (6) exists with probability:
Entropy:
Application of
entropy
E LMST = - [4p 1logp 1+2p 5logp 5] < E flat
9

Analyses

How?
FISCO
• A first step of setting WSN
– Address allocation
– Communication structure
• A dynamic, adaptive basis for other features
– Cope with net<strong>work</strong> dynamics
– Local decisions
– Emerging behavior
• Low control overhead
– Hello Message free
– Active Time
– Energy
[Lu2007] J. Lu, Valois F., D. Barthel, M. Dohler. Fully Integrated Scheme of self-Configuration
and self-Organization for Ad hoc Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s. IEEE Wireless Communications and Net<strong>work</strong>ing
Conference (WCNC), Hongkong China, 2007.

FISCO – logical view
1
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1. FISCO backbone
2. FISCO snapshot
3. FISCO logical
address view

FISCO -
Organization
• Comparing to self-organization <strong>work</strong>s
– CDS
– LMST
• Complete self-organization solution
– Joining procedure
– Departure procedure
– Partition management
– Local re-organization (activity scheduling)
• New metric available for active nodes
• Residual energy, degree of local structure
[Lu2007b] J. Lu, F. Valois, and D. Barthel. Low-Energy Self-organization Scheme for Wireless Ad Hoc
Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s. The Fourth Annual Conference on Wireless On demand Net<strong>work</strong> Systems and Services, 2007.

FISCO – Address
allocation
• Based on self-organization
• Two-level Dynamic address allocation
– High level: Dynamic address pool allocation
– Low level: Stateful function on each Leader
• Comparing to other address allocation schemes
– Address conflict detection based:
• No flooding
• Independent of routing protocol
– Distributed DHCP
• Avoidance of periodical one-hop Hello on each node
[Lu2007a] J. Lu, F. Valois, D. Barthel and M. Dohler. Low-Energy Address Allocation Scheme for
Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s. IEEE PIMRC07, Athens, Greece, 2007.

Analysis
• For a given area and a given radius, the number
of leaders is bounded.
• Complexity
15

• JIST-SWANS
– JAVA based
– Large scale simulation
• Configurations
– Square zone
– IEEE802.15.4
– BMAC : pre-ambuling
– Random deployment
Simulations
16

Performance evaluation
Messages
[Lu2007a] J.-L. Lu, F. Valois, D. Barthel and M. Dohler. Low-Energy Address Allocation Scheme for Wireless
Ad Hoc Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s. IEEE PIMRC07, Athens, Greece, 2007.
17

Performace evaluation
FISCO Backbone
[Lu2007b] J. Lu, F. Valois, and D. Barthel. Low-Energy Self-organization Scheme for Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor
Net<strong>work</strong>s. The Fourth Annual Conference on Wireless On demand Net<strong>work</strong> Systems and Services, 2007.
18

Performance evaluation
Consommation d’énergie
19

What for?
SODA
• Target application: Monitoring in intelligent
buildings
• Contributions
– Data disseminations
• Set up paths based from sensor nodes to sinks
– Mobile sink management
– Data aggregations
• Spatial : Data fusion on Leader nodes
• Temporal : Adaptive ARMA
20

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SOD – A-ARMA
Data samples
L
… …
ARMA(p,q):p+q+1
If the accuracy (RMS) is not
adequate then compute
new ARMA(p,q)

• No aggregation: 720
• ARMA(2,2)
– Accuracy: poor
• ARMA(400,250)
– Accuracy: 0.029 degree
per sample
– Complexity: too high
– Parameters: 651
• A-ARMA(2,2)
– Accuracy: 0.029 degree
per sample
– Complexity: low
– Parameters: 66 *5
330
Analysis
Real indoor data samples
22

Aggregation Impact
23

SODA
Dissemination
Conclusions
Selforganisation
(LEGOS)
Applications
Mobile sink
FISCO
PHY & MAC
Aggregation
Selfconfiguration
(LEADS)
Entropy
24

Join <strong>work</strong>
• Imote2 testbed FT R&D Beijing
– 30 Imote2
– Embedded Linux
– FISCO
• Declarative net<strong>work</strong>ing (Ubiquest FP7)
– A declarative language
– Validation of FISCO

Future <strong>work</strong>s
• Directional sensor net<strong>work</strong>s
– Directional sensors
• Coverage
– Directional antennas
• Partial neighboring information
• Connectivity
– Combining problems in
• Self-organization
• Coverage

International Journals
Publications
[1] M. Dohler, T. Watteyne, F. Valois and J. Lu. Kumar’s, Zipf’s and other laws - how to structure a large-scale wireless
net<strong>work</strong>? To be published in Annals of Telecommunication, 2008.
[2] J. Lu, F. Valois, M. Dohler and D. Barthel. Quantifying Organization by Means of Entropy. IEEE Communication
Letter, March 2008.
Patent
[1] J. Lu, M. Dohler, F. Valois and D. Barthel. Method for organising a net<strong>work</strong> of communicating objects and
comminicating object for the implementation of the method. International patent WO2007113442, October 2007.
International Conferences
[1] S. Grumbach, J. Lu and W. Qu. Self-organization of wireless net<strong>work</strong>s through declarative local communication.
Prof. of the International Workshop on MObile and NEt<strong>work</strong>ing Technologies for social applications (MONET),
Vilamoura, Portugal, November 2007.
[2] J. Lu and F. Valois. On the Data Dissemination in WSNs. Proc. of the 3rd IEEE International Conference on
Wireless and Mobile Computing, Net<strong>work</strong>ing and Communications (Wimob), October 2007.
[3] J. Lu, F. Valois, D. Barthel and M. Dohler. Low-Energy Address Allocation Scheme for Wireless Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s.
Proc. of the 18th IEEE Annual International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications
(PIMRC), Athene, Greece, September 2007.
[4] M. Dohler, T. Wattayne, F. Valois and J. Lu. Kumar’s, Zipf’s and other Laws - How to structure an optimum largescale
wireless (sensor) net<strong>work</strong> ? Invited paper in the 13th European Wireless 2007 Conference, April 2007.
[5] J. Lu, Valois F., D. Barthel and M. Dohler. Fully Integrated Scheme of self-Configuration and self-Organization for
Ad hoc Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s. Proc. of IEEE Wireless Communications and Net<strong>work</strong>ing Conference (WCNC),
Hongkong, China, March 2007.
[6] J. Lu, F. Valois and D. Barthel. Low-Energy Self-organization Scheme for Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Net<strong>work</strong>s. Proc.
of the Fourth Annual Conference on Wireless On demand Net<strong>work</strong> Systems and Services (WONS), Obergurgl,
Austria, January2007.
[7] J. Lu, F. Valois and D. Barthel. Range Adjustment for Broadcast Protocols with a Realistic Radio Transceiver
Energy Model in Short-Range Wireless Net<strong>work</strong>s. Proc. of International Conf on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor
Net<strong>work</strong> (MSN), Wuhan China, December 2005.
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FISCO – joining
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Address pools
Address pools
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GNM
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