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viii PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO our obligation to H.H. the Rajah of Sarawak, who welcomed to his country the members of the Cambridge Anthropological Expedition, and without whose enlightened encouragement of scientific work on the part of his officers this book would never have been written. C. H. July 1912. W. McD. SUPPLEMENTARY PREFACE BY ONE OF THE AUTHORS I FEEL that it is necessary to supplement our joint-preface with some few words of apology for, and explanation of, the appearance of my name on the title - page of this book. For the book is essentially an attempt to set forth in condensed form the mass of knowledge of the tribes of Borneo acquired by Dr. Hose in the course of a quarter of a century's intimate study of, and sympathetic companionship with, the people of the interior. My own part in its production has been merely that of a midwife, though I may perhaps claim to have helped in the washing and dressing of the infant as well as in its delivery, and even to have offered some useful advice during the long years of pregnancy. And, since it is more difficult to present a brief and popular account of any complex subject the more intimate is one's knowledge of it, I may fairly hope that my superficial acquaintance with the pagan tribes of Borneo has been a useful ally to Dr. Hose's profound and extensive knowledge of them ; I have therefore gladly accepted my friend's generous invitation to place my name beside his as joint-author of this work. W. McD.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME I Geography of Borneo ..... History of Borneo . CHAPTER I PAGE i CHAPTER II . . . .8 CHAPTER III General Sketch of the Peoples of Borneo . . 28 CHAPTER IV Material Conditions of the Pagan Tribes of Borneo 43 CHAPTER V The Social System . . . . -63 Agriculture . CHAPTER VI . . . . -97 CHAPTER VII The Daily Life of a Kayan Long House . .116
Page 2: THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CA
Page 9 and 10: THE PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO A DESCRI
Page 11 and 12: PREFACE I \l In writing this book w
Page 13: PREFACE vii C. G. Seligmann, C. S.
Page 17 and 18: LIST OF PLATES Colour)....... . 1.
Page 19 and 20: LIST OF PLATES xui FACE I'AGE 58. K
Page 21: 125. 126. 127. 128. 129. 130. 131.
Page 24: 2 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. two
Page 28 and 29: 4 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. smal
Page 31 and 32: I GEOGRAPHY OF BORNEO 5 highest rea
Page 33: Plate 4. A LIMESTONE HILL AT PANGA
Page 36: CHAPTER II HISTORY OF BORNEO The Pa
Page 40 and 41: lo PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. acc
Page 43 and 44: HISTORY OF BORNEO ii wrap a piece o
Page 47 and 48: HISTORY OF BORNEO 13 consider Puni
Page 49: *^.,
Page 52 and 53: i6 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. Bru
Page 57 and 58: HISTORY OF BORNEO 17 his son Hiawan
Page 61 and 62: HISTORY OF BORNEO 19 stopped the an
Page 65 and 66:
HISTORY OF BORNEO 21 brother of his
Page 67:
Plate 13. IN THE HEADWATERS OF THE
Page 70 and 71:
24 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. yea
Page 73 and 74:
HISTORY OF BORNEO 25 their oppresso
Page 75:
mi- Plate 15. FANNY RAPID IN THE PA
Page 78 and 79:
CHAPTER III GENERAL SKETCH OF THE P
Page 81:
Plate 17. PROFILE OF SEA DAYAK OF P
Page 84 and 85:
30 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. Moh
Page 86 and 87:
32 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. occ
Page 88 and 89:
34 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. que
Page 91 and 92:
THE PEOPLES OF BORNEO 35 devoted to
Page 95 and 96:
Ill THE PEOPLES OF BORNEO z^ is app
Page 97:
o < oa fa o fa fa s o < Q J O fa o
Page 101 and 102:
Ill THE PEOPLES OF BORNEO 39 His fe
Page 105:
Plate 26. PUNANS OF TINJAR RIVER. (
Page 108 and 109:
42 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap, m o
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTER IV MATERIAL CONDITIONS OF T
Page 113:
*^f
Page 116 and 117:
46 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. a r
Page 119:
Oh Q Q
Page 122:
48 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. loo
Page 126:
50 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. The
Page 132:
52 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. gen
Page 138:
54 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. its
Page 144:
56 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO ch.p. lar
Page 151 and 152:
IV MATERIAL CONDITIONS 57 the baske
Page 153:
IBAN SEAT-MATS. Plate 43. IBAN SEED
Page 157 and 158:
MATERIAL CONDITIONS 59 and for cont
Page 159:
Plate 45. KENYAH WOMAN'S HAT. KAYAN
Page 163 and 164:
IV MATERIAL CONDITIONS 6i occasions
Page 169 and 170:
CHAPTER V THE SOCIAL SYSTEM The Kay
Page 171:
Plate 49. TAMA USONG, LEADING KAYAN
Page 174 and 175:
66 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. not
Page 177 and 178:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 6^ of the old hou
Page 179 and 180:
' / THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 69 distinguis
Page 183 and 184:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 71 case the famil
Page 185 and 186:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM yz The Family Ver
Page 187:
? :-%^"^&^,^m
Page 190 and 191:
76 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. in
Page 192:
78 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. gen
Page 196 and 197:
8o PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. aft
Page 198 and 199:
82 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. ren
Page 201 and 202:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 83 easily obtaine
Page 203 and 204:
— THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 85 until the
Page 205 and 206:
f Jilo= ? THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 87 (4)
Page 207 and 208:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 89 (11) Lara Wan'
Page 209 and 210:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 91 (17) SiDi jAu'
Page 211 and 212:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM (19) Tama Bulan's
Page 213 and 214:
THE SOCIAL SYSTEM 95 (22) Aban Lawa
Page 215 and 216:
CHAPTER VI AGRICULTURE For all the
Page 217:
Plate 55. IBANS FELLING A TREE.
Page 220 and 221:
loo PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. fa
Page 223 and 224:
AGRICULTURE loi making and repairin
Page 225:
% f ''^m^r:^ Plate 57. KAYANS OF BA
Page 228 and 229:
I04 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. th
Page 231 and 232:
AGRICULTURE 105 against the edge of
Page 233 and 234:
vertically in the ground ; AGRICULT
Page 235:
Plate 6o. KENYAHS MEASURING THE LEN
Page 238 and 239:
no PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. of
Page 240 and 241:
112 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. fu
Page 242 and 243:
114 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. th
Page 244:
CHAPTER VII THE DAILY LIFE OF A KAY
Page 248 and 249:
ii8 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. pe
Page 251 and 252:
DAILY LIFE 119 regular rhythm. As e
Page 255 and 256:
VII DAILY LIFE 121 kerosene lamps.
Page 257:
Plate 65. JUNGLE FRUITS.
Page 260:
124 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. bo
Page 264:
126 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. wh
Page 269 and 270:
DAILY LIFE 127 in his sleep, he tou
Page 271:
LATE 69. ENTERTAINING GUESTS IN THE
Page 274 and 275:
I30 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap.v:,
Page 277 and 278:
CHAPTER VIII LIFE ON THE RIVERS Wit
Page 279:
f IBANS PREPARING A BOAT FOR A LONG
Page 284:
134 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. as
Page 290 and 291:
136 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. ra
Page 293:
KENYAHS HAULING A BOAT OVER RAPIDS.
Page 296 and 297:
138 PAGAN TRIBES ON BORNEO chap. a
Page 301 and 302:
VIII LIFE ON THE RIVERS 139 with de
Page 305:
k»..ii
Page 308:
142 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap, vm
Page 312:
144 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. we
Page 316 and 317:
146 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO Of many
Page 319:
Plate 84. KAYAN HUNTING-PARTV CAMPI
Page 322 and 323:
148 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. be
Page 325 and 326:
LIFE IN THE JUNGLE 149 peoples. Our
Page 329 and 330:
IX LIFE IN THE JUNGLE 151 from tree
Page 331:
t^j :^ O
Page 335 and 336:
LIFE IN THE JUNGLE 153 cut into the
Page 337:
9 if* JL: ^r4 I'LATE 89. KLEMANTANS
Page 340:
156 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. su
Page 344 and 345:
CHAPTER X WAR The Kayans are perhap
Page 347 and 348:
CHAP. X WAR 159 possessing heads fo
Page 349:
•m :W I III Plate 92. SPEARS AND
Page 352 and 353:
i62 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. to
Page 355 and 356:
X WAR 163 The war-coat is made of t
Page 357:
PLATE 94. COAT AND CAP, SWORD, KNIF
Page 360 and 361:
i66 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. Du
Page 363 and 364:
WAR 167 slve amount of labour. The
Page 365:
'n ^ Q D ad
Page 368:
I70 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. bu
Page 372:
172 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO CHAP. bo
Page 376:
174 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. bl
Page 380:
176 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. As
Page 384:
lyS PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. Kl
Page 388 and 389:
i8o PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. Wh
Page 391 and 392:
X WAR i8i it in broad daylight by f
Page 393:
R^ ?^r '-til
Page 396 and 397:
i84 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. fo
Page 399 and 400:
WAR 185 moving, and more prone to a
Page 403 and 404:
WAR 187 and in some cases of murder
Page 405 and 406:
X WAR 189 the Klemantans (the latte
Page 407 and 408:
X WAR 191 the Sea Dayaks have been
Page 409 and 410:
CHAPTER XI HANDICRAFTS In any accou
Page 413 and 414:
HANDICRAFTS 195 one end of a stout
Page 417 and 418:
HANDICRAFTS 197 Other implements fa
Page 421 and 422:
cHAP.xr HANDICRAFTS 199 piston, whi
Page 425 and 426:
XI HANDICRAFTS 201 some three to fo
Page 427:
Plate m. KAYAN KNIFE AND AXES.
Page 430:
204 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. ho
Page 434 and 435:
2o6 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. be
Page 437 and 438:
HANDICRAFTS 207 topmost cross-pole.
Page 441 and 442:
XI HANDICRAFTS 209 his own househol
Page 445 and 446:
HANDICRAFTS 211 together with ratta
Page 447:
Plate ii6. KENYAH MAKING DART POISO
Page 450:
214 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. by
Page 454:
2i6 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. is
Page 458:
2i8 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. an
Page 462:
220 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. in
Page 466 and 467:
222 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. ti
Page 469 and 470:
HANDICRAFTS 223 The only striking p
Page 471 and 472:
CHAP. XII DECORATIVE ART 225 but ha
Page 473:
n ^'^'^^^^^^.^ Plate 122. CARVED DO
Page 476 and 477:
228 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. wo
Page 479 and 480:
DECORATIVE ART 229 point of the kni
Page 483 and 484:
XII DECORATIVE ART 231 threads. The
Page 485 and 486:
DECORATIVE ART 233 The weaving of d
Page 487:
Plate 126. A KENYAH PATTERN CARVED
Page 490:
236 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. ot
Page 494 and 495:
238 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. pa
Page 497 and 498:
DECORATIVE ART 239 a little below t
Page 499 and 500:
DECORATIVE ART 241 be found. The la
Page 501:
Plate 129. KENYAH SWORD-HANDLE CARV
Page 504:
244 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. ar
Page 507:
Plate 130. OLD BEADS WORN BY KAYANS
Page 510 and 511:
246 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. B.
Page 513 and 514:
DECORATIVE ART 247 borrowed the Kay
Page 515:
i_ .^., MM Plate 132. BLANKET (PUA)
Page 518 and 519:
250 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. pr
Page 521 and 522:
DECORATIVE ART 251 Kayan women are
Page 523:
Plate 134. TATU PATTERNS ON A KALAB
Page 526 and 527:
254 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. pr
Page 529 and 530:
DECORATIVE ART 255 The time at whic
Page 531 and 532:
DECORATIVE ART 257 and we suspect t
Page 533:
Plate 136.
Page 536 and 537:
26o PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. li
Page 539 and 540:
XII DECORATIVE ART 261 separately f
Page 541:
Plate 138.
Page 544 and 545:
264 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. de
Page 547 and 548:
DECORATIVE ART 265 Kayan exhibit th
Page 549:
Plate 140.
Page 552 and 553:
268 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. to
Page 555 and 556:
XII DECORATIVE ART 269 the limb. On
Page 557:
Plate 142.
Page 560 and 561:
272 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. 74
Page 562 and 563:
274 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. al
Page 565 and 566:
DECORATIVE ART 275 embellishment of
Page 567:
DECORATIVE ART 277 designs in favou
Page 570 and 571:
28o PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chm BIBL
Page 572 and 573:
282 PAGAN TRIBES OF BORNEO chap. Fi
Page 575 and 576:
The following pages contain adverti
Page 577 and 578:
WORKS ON ANTHROPOLOGY THE BAGANDA.
Page 582:
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Lo
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