quality control of potable water supplies from swcc's

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CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that the desalination - derived drinking water originating from the three sea water MSF plants in the Eastern Coast of Saudi Arabia meet all specifications with respect to various health related and aesthetically important water quality parameters with reference to 1984 WHO guideline values. It is particularly important to note that none of the samples collected during this period from various locations tested positive to pathogenic bacteria (faecal or general coliform) or any other parameters known to be toxic for human consumption. All inorganic parameters were well within the WHO guidelines values and among the organics tested chloroform and trihalomethanes concentrations were either zero or extremely low. The absence of good quality ground water has compelled water authorities to distribute treated distillate without blending in Al-Khafji area. A method has been suggested to upgrade the mineral contents of this water in order to improve its quality at par with the water from other SWCC plants. REFERENCES 1. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, Vol.1. Recommendation, WHO (1984). 2. Monitoring of Organic Compounds in Feed and Product Water samples from MSF plants in the E. Coast of Saudi Arabia, P.C. Mayan Kutty et al, Desalination, 74, 243 - 257 (1989) 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Method Manual Hach Model DREL/IC, Hach company, Colorado, P. 2-18 (1984). Ibid , P. 2-54 (1984) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water & Wastewater, APHA, AWWA, WPCF, 16th edition, P.96 (1985). Ibid, P.210 (1985) Ibid, P.287 (1985) Method Manual Hach Model DREL/IC, Hach Company, Colorado, P. 2-13 (1984). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water & Wastewater, APHA, AWWA, WPCF, 16th edition, P.357 (1985) Method Manual Hach Model DREL/IC Hach company, Colorado, P.2-35 (1984). Method Manual Hach Model DREL/IC, Hach Company, Colorado, P.2-5 1 (1984). 68
12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. Analytical Methods for Flame Spectroscopy, Varian Techtron Pty. Ltd., Australia, P.9 (1979) Ibid, P.31 (1979) Methods for Determination of Inorganic Substances in Water and Fluvial Substances, United states Geological Survey, Book 5, chapter 1, Colorado, P.564 (1985). Analytical Methods for Graphite Tube Atomizers, Varian Techtron Pty. Ltd., Australia, P-27 (1982) Ibid, P.31 (1982) Ibid, P.32 (1982) Ibid, P.33 (1982) Ibid, P.35 (1982) Ibid, P.41 (1982) Ibid, P.39 (1982) Ibid, P.48 (1982) Operation Manual, VGA-76, Varian Pty. Ltd. Australia, P.16 (1984). Ibid, P.16-17 (1984) Operation Manual, Backman Model 915B, Total Organic carbon Analyzer, California, P. 6-3 (1985). Test Method, Purgeables Method 624, US Environmental Protection Agency Cincinnati Ohio, 624- 12 (1982). Standard Methods for examination of Water and Waste water, APHA, AWWA, WPCF, 16th edition, P.871 (1985). European Standards for drinking water, 2nd edition, Geneva WHO (1970). International Standards for drinking water, 3rd edition, Geneva, WHO (1971) Fluoridation of Desalinated Drinking Water in Saudi Arabia - A critical Review, Abdul Hamid Al-Mansour et al, SWCC Technical Report No. SWCC (RDC)-05 (January 1990) Estimation of trihalomethanes in chlorinated drinking water from sea water desalination plants in Al-Jubail, Al-Khobar and Al-Khafji, P.C. Mayan Kutty et al, Technical Report No. SWCC (RDC)-04 (1989). 69
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