Research Institutes overseen by the Federal Ministry of ... - BMELV

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Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants (JKI), Quedlinburg The Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) stands for consolidated expertise in all matters relating to plants and crops. Its work focuses on crop health and productivity. Research Focus JKI conducts research into plant genetics, crop-growing, plant nutrition, soil science, plant protection and plant health. This allows linkage between key crop-growing issues -in the field, in the greenhouse or in storage supplies – and development of integrated strategies for crop growing, crop production and crop maintenance. One of the main aims in this regard is the achievement of good quality food and feed. Evaluating and Preserving Plant Genetic Resources The genetic diversity of our cultivated plants is vital to the lives and survival of all people on earth. The availability of plant genetic resources for food and farming and of information on their special traits is of fundamental importance in securing long-term performance and yield stability in crops. The JKI collects and publishes a wide range of data on the potential for using plant genetic resources and researches ways of safeguarding them. It develops, operates and coordinates a large number of databases and maintains comprehensive collections like the German Fruit Genebank (www.deutsche-genbank-obst.de). Breeding Research Breeding research supplies the scientific groundwork to allow adaptation of crops to altered production conditions and consumer demands. Breeding helps plants become more resistant to disease, animal pests and the effects of climate change, and it can also assist in improving taste. The availability of resistant crop varieties is a key component of environmentally sound, integrated crop management. Root rot in wheat Sustainable Crop Production When it comes to reconciling sustainable crop production with the needs of a globalised world, the growing demand for energy and food and dwindling availability of resources call for a careful balancing act. This means constant readjustment of crop-growing strategies and research to support such activities. Part of the work performed at JKI involves the development of innovative cultivation and fertilisation measures and procedures. Diagnosis and Biology of Harmful Organisms Biological research into plant disease, pests and weeds, and diagnosis of damage caused to crops make up a large part of the work performed at JKI. This often involves predicting future events such as the harm to be expected from any new pathogens that research reveals and the potential effects of climate change. JKI then goes on to develop strategies for environmentally sound, integrated crop production. The aim is to foster use of methods that have the least possible impact on the environment. Quarantine Pests and Alien Species Globalisation and the internationalisation of supply chains increase the risk of alien species being introduced into Germany – species which could cause great damage to crops and the natural environment. JKI performs the associated risk analyses and recommends measures and standards to deal with the problem. Integrated Plant Protection Germany’s National Action Plan on Sustainable Use of Plant Protection Products calls for use of chemical pesticides to be reduced to the necessary minimum. JKI is instrumental in achieving this goal, for example by conducting longitudinal studies aimed at identifying what constitutes the necessary minimum. It also develops biological and other non-chemical plant protection methods for use with crops in instances where adequately effective substances and procedures are lacking. To allow situation-specific plant protection, forecasting models and decision-making tools are devised and optimised. Safety in Biotechnology JKI’s research activities in the biotechnology sector concentrate on safety issues involving the release of genetically modified organisms and the planting of genetically modified crops. 8
Plant protection equipment is tested on a vibration test rig Legal Mandate As part of the approval and licensing process for plant protection products and the evaluation of active substances in accordance with EU requirements, JKI tests for efficacy and also studies substance impact and pathogen resistance. New plant protection equipment is tested prior to being placed on the market and methods are agreed for monitoring equipment already in use. JKI also assists in licensing and approval for the release and sale of genetically modified organisms. Cooperation Acitivities JKI cooperates with a wide range of domestic and foreign universities and research institutes, industry associations and societies. Many researchers at JKI teach at universities and colleges and sit on committees at national, EU and international level. Worthy of note are JKI’s contacts with the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL), the Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), the Federal Environment Agency (UBA), the Robert Koch Institute (RKI), the Federal Office of Plant Varieties (BSA) and the plant protection offices in the individual German Länder (states). Numerous foreign researchers take up research stipends at JKI. Structure JKI is able to draw on more than a century of plant protection and breeding research. The institute is the successor to three renowned BMELV research centres: The Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), the Federal Centre for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants (BAZ) and two of the institutes belonging to the Federal Agricultural Research Centre (FAL). 9 JKI has an 820-strong staff which includes 210 researchers. The institute’s headquarters are located in Quedlinburg. JKI also has the following research institutes within its remit: In Braunschweig: ó Institute for Crop and Soil Science ó Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland ó Institute for National and International Plant Health ó Institute for Techniques in Plant Protection ó Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture and Forests (some sections still located in Münster) ó Institute for Epidemology and Pathogen Diagnostics (some sections still located in Quedlinburg and Münster) In Quedlinburg: ó Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops (currently located in Gross Lüsewitz) ó Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops and Fruit Breeding (some sections in Dresden-Pillnitz) ó Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance (partly still located in Gross Lüsewitz) ó Institute for Biosafety of Genetically Modified Plants (partly still located in Braunschweig) In Siebeldingen: ó Institut für Rebenzüchtung In Kleinmachnow: ó Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection (currently located in Berlin and Quedlinburg) ó Institute for Strategies and Technology Assessment in Plant Protection In Dossenheim: ó Institute for Biological Control (currently located in Darmstadt) ó Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture (some sections in Siebeldingen, currently located in Bernkastel-Kues) ó JKI Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Erwin-Baur-Straße 27 | 06484 Quedlinburg | Germany | Telephone: +49 (0)3946 47-0 Telefax: +49 (0)3946 47-255 E-mail: poststelle@jki.bund.de | www.jki.bund.de
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Research Institutes overseen by the Federal Ministry of ... - BMELV

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