Veterinary Parasitology: The Practical Veterinarian - CX.com

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70 Introduction to the Endoparasites coenurus, hydatid cyst, or tetrathyridium; metacestode type is characteristic of the cestode species involved. • Definitive host becomes infected by ingesting the infected intermediate host; extra-intestinal migration in the definitive host does not occur. PSEUDOPHYLLIDEA • Stages include operculated egg, coracidium (ciliated hexacanth embryo), metacestode, adult. • Eggs are expelled from the gravid proglottid; pass out with feces. • Coracidium hatches in water; first intermediate host is a copepod; ingested coracidium develops to procercoid (metacestode). • Copepod is ingested by the second intermediate host; procercoid develops into another metacestode stage called the plerocercoid. • Definitive host becomes infected by ingesting the intermediate host containing the plerocercoid; extra-intestinal migration in the definitive host does not occur. Trematodes There are two types of trematodes—digenes and monogenes. Monogenetic trematodes have direct life cycles and are primarily ectoparasites of aquatic vertebrates. Digenetic trematodes have indirect life cycles and are
Introduction to the Endoparasites 71 endoparasites of a wide variety of vertebrates. Unless the veterinarian is involved in fish farming or treating aquarium fish, monogenetic trematodes are not encountered very often. Consequently, the emphasis of this book will be on the digenetic trematodes. Appearance and Morphology • Variable length, 0.5 mm to 10 cm. • Body is covered with tegument; may have spines. • Does not have anus; must regurgitate cecal contents to rid body of waste products. • Most possess a muscular organ of attachment called an acetabulum (ventral sucker). • Most are hermaphroditic (exception is the schistosomes—blood flukes); self-fertilization or cross-fertilization can occur. Classification Table 3–9 presents the families and species of digenetic trematodes encountered in North America. Life Cycle • All digenes have indirect life cycles; stages include operculated egg, ciliated embryo (miracidium), asexual reproductive stages (sporocyst, redia), cercaria, metacercaria, adult.
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Copyright © 2001 by Butterworth-He
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viii Series Preface help us improve
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x Preface When designing this book,
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xii Preface tion with this subject.
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2 Introduction member receives neit
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2 Arthropods Ectoparasites, most of
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• Insects: body divided into thre
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Arthropods 9 • Most ticks cannot
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Arthropods 11 other stages prefer f
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Diagnosis Ticks should be collected
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Mites (Arachnida) Mites can be divi
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Table 2-3 Host, Species, Key Charac
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120 Parasites of the Gastrointestin
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Figure 4-6 Fecal flotation showing
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Figure 5-3 Cestode egg featured her
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6 Parasites of the Gastrointestinal
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Parasites of the Gastrointestinal T
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7 Parasites of the Cardiopulmonary
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Pathogenesis and Clinical Signs •
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Parasites of the Cardiopulmonary Sy
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Table 7-1 Comparisons of Morphologi
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Figure 7-1 Fecal flotation from a d
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8 Parasites of Other Organs Nematod
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Parasites of Other Organs 251 Skin,
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Parasites of Other Organs 253 • O
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Parasites of Other Organs 255 Treat
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Parasites of Other Organs 257 • P
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Parasites of Other Organs 259 lymph
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Parasites of Other Organs 261 Uroge
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Parasites of Other Organs 263 Ameri
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Parasites of Other Organs 265 • E
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Parasites of Other Organs 267 • T
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Parasites of Other Organs 269 Life
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Parasites of Other Organs 271 4. Su
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Parasites of Other Organs 273 • C
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Parasites of Other Organs 275 • C
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Parasites of Other Organs 277 • E
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Parasites of Other Organs 279 insem
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Parasites of Other Organs 281 Nervo
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Glossary Aberrant Host: Host in whi
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Glossary 285 nutritional benefit fr
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References and Suggested Reading An
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References and Suggested Reading 28
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A Abomasum, nematode species in rum
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C Calliphora spp., 41 Capillaria sp
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Cows. See Cattle Cryptosporidium sp
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Ectoparasites, 5 Eimeria spp. chara
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Horse flies, 47-48 Horses anthelmin
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Moxidectin for nematodes in cattle,
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Platynosomum fastosum, 72t, 275-277
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Strongylus spp. S. edentatus, 101-1
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Trixacarus caviae, 18t, 27 Trophozo
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