Student's Workbook 1A - Shakespeare WA
Student's Workbook 1A - Shakespeare WA
Student's Workbook 1A - Shakespeare WA
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Student’s<br />
<strong>Workbook</strong> <strong>1A</strong><br />
three fold shakespeare<br />
Presented by:<br />
In partnership with:
This educational resource was created for <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, as part of<br />
the 2012 ―<strong>Shakespeare</strong> in the Park‖ season of The Comedy of Errors<br />
and The Tempest. This workbook provides various teaching materials to<br />
support senior secondary education programming.<br />
This is a free resource which has been created with the sole purpose of<br />
providing accessible materials and ideas to increase (and encourage)<br />
the value and importance of <strong>Shakespeare</strong>an education. Material<br />
collated within this package has been sourced from online websites.<br />
ALL information and worksheets copied have been acknowledged and<br />
duly referenced. At the time of going to print, the websites mentioned<br />
were accessible and accurate. The material has been collated for<br />
practical usage within the classroom environment, not for financial gain.<br />
We would sincerely appreciate any comments, feedback or suggestions<br />
for improving this document. Please contact us if you wish to use any of<br />
the material located in the package <br />
This material was collated and published by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong> LTD.<br />
38 St Georges Terrace, Perth, Western Australia, 6000.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Acknowledgements<br />
Artistic Director Paige Newmark<br />
General Manager Katie Kent<br />
Education Liaison Elisa Dumitru<br />
Editors<br />
Andrew Kocsis Tiffany Wendt<br />
With additional assistance from<br />
Jenny de Reuck<br />
Cover Design<br />
Karen Smart<br />
Illustrations<br />
Karen Smart Allison Bell<br />
Thanks to<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Introduction to Three Fold <strong>Shakespeare</strong><br />
When approaching this workbook, each ‗scene‘ provides a three ‗fold‘ (or<br />
three step) approach to completing the student objectives. In each ‗scene‘,<br />
three different descriptions are used to provide a bridge to the next ‗scene‘.<br />
The eight individual ‗scenes‘ have been scaffolded towards a final<br />
performance piece. ‗Folds‘ focus predominantly upon the following concepts...<br />
View<br />
Play<br />
Discuss<br />
Research<br />
Read<br />
Write<br />
Perform<br />
– Suggest websites or videos of interest to engage and<br />
focus the learning.<br />
– Provide improvisational tasks or theatre games to<br />
explore subject themes.<br />
– Encourage class discussion as a means to examine the<br />
text, characters or other areas of interest.<br />
– Create opportunities for investigation into the historical<br />
aspects of the text and themes<br />
– Allow the reading and comprehension of textual<br />
examples of the subject and its influences<br />
– Offer scope for creative writing and drawing as a means<br />
of communicating personal ideas<br />
– Provide an arena for staging (in front of the class) a<br />
progression or final assessment piece.<br />
The individual ‗Scenes‘ follow the Department of Education‘s Scope and<br />
Sequence descriptors. This enables the workbook to support the principles of<br />
an effective Drama program and the assessment requirements of each<br />
course. Please note there are direct references to indicate the source of the<br />
various student worksheets. Some worksheets and activities have been<br />
altered to fit the requirement of this package and to link more appropriately<br />
with the scope of the program.<br />
The activities and worksheets included in this package have been chosen to<br />
support the differentiation of learning and the development of individual<br />
learning styles in order to make the program more accessible and inclusive.<br />
Warm up and vocal exercises have not been included in this package as<br />
these aspects are a reflection of the style and preference of the individual<br />
teacher. Please feel free to make use of the resources provided in a manner<br />
which best suits the requirements of your students and your personal teaching<br />
approach.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
View<br />
Write<br />
Perform<br />
Dissembling harlot,<br />
thou art false in all!<br />
The Comedy of Errors<br />
(Act 4, Scene 4)<br />
Locate YouTube clips of comedy in<br />
The Comedy of Errors, then discuss the style shown...<br />
Propeller Theatre Company<br />
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ha6-15TVQOM<br />
Southwest <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company's production<br />
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P6imsiLMyOU<br />
Royal <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company's<br />
http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=-hie-ks6gD8<br />
Identify the comedic elements in The Comedy of Errors,<br />
and compare them to modern day TV Shows...<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12<br />
See page 6<br />
Terms sourced from http://artsalive.ca/pdf/eth/activities/comedy_of_errors_guide.pdf<br />
Use the <strong>Shakespeare</strong>an insult lines to create a comedic<br />
scene in a modern setting...<br />
.<br />
In small groups, improvise a scene<br />
in a Courthouse, a Department Store<br />
or a traditionally “unfunny” location.<br />
Then occasionally use “insult” lines<br />
to change the space into a comedic scene<br />
See pages 7 and 8<br />
Sourced from http://www.pangloss.com/seidel/shake_rule.html
Sources of Humour in The Comedy of Errors<br />
The Situation<br />
Plot:<br />
Character:<br />
Mistaken Identity:<br />
Misunderstanding:<br />
Timing<br />
Coincidence<br />
Physical Humour<br />
Language (Puns,<br />
Images, Bawdy,<br />
Insults, Jokes, Wit<br />
Surprise<br />
Example in the Play<br />
Example in Popular<br />
Culture<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
<strong>Shakespeare</strong>an Insults<br />
Thou artless base-court apple-john<br />
Thou bawdy bat-fowling baggage<br />
Thou beslubbering beef-witted barnacle<br />
Thou bootless beetle-headed bladder<br />
Thou churlish boil-brained boar-pig<br />
Thou cockered clapper-clawed bugbear<br />
Thou clouted clay-brained bum-bailey<br />
Thou craven common-kissing canker-blossom<br />
Thou currish crook-pated clack-dish<br />
Thou dankish dismal-dreaming clotpole<br />
Thou dissembling dizzy-eyed coxcomb<br />
Thou droning doghearted codpiece<br />
Thou errant dread-bolted death-token<br />
Thou fawning earth-vexing dewberry<br />
Thou fobbing elf-skinned flap-dragon<br />
Thou froward fat-kidneyed flax-wench<br />
Thou frothy fen-sucked flirt-gill<br />
Thou gleeking flap-mouthed foot-licker<br />
Thou goatish fly-bitten fustilarian<br />
Thou gorbellied folly-fallen giglet<br />
Thou impertinent fool-born gudgeon<br />
Thou infectious full-gorged haggard<br />
Thou jarring guts-griping harpy<br />
Thou loggerheaded half-faced hedge-pig<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Thou lumpish hasty-witted horn-beast<br />
Thou mammering hedge-born hugger-mugger<br />
Thou mangled hell-hated joithead<br />
Thou mewling idle-headed lewdster<br />
Thou paunchy ill-breeding lout<br />
Thou pribbling ill-nurtured maggot-pie<br />
Thou puking knotty-pated malt-worm<br />
Thou puny milk-livered mammet<br />
Thou qualling motley-minded measle<br />
Thou rank onion-eyed minnow<br />
Thou reeky plume-plucked miscreant<br />
Thou roguish pottle-deep moldwarp<br />
Thou ruttish pox-marked mumble-news<br />
Thou saucy reeling-ripe nut-hook<br />
Thou spleeny rough-hewn pigeon-egg<br />
Thou spongy rude-growing pignut<br />
Thou surly rump-fed puttock<br />
Thou tottering shard-borne pumpion<br />
Thou unmuzzled sheep-biting ratsbane<br />
Thou vain spur-galled scut<br />
Thou venomed swag-bellied skainsmate<br />
Thou villainous tardy-gaited strumpet<br />
Thou warped tickle-brained varlot<br />
Thou wayward toad-spotted vassal<br />
Thou weedy unchin-snouted whey-face<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Read<br />
Write<br />
Play<br />
Read through a review of The Comedy of Errors.<br />
Highlight points where the reviewer employs<br />
description and comparison to discuss characters and<br />
popular culture...<br />
See pages 10 and 11<br />
Write a personal response for The Comedy of Errors<br />
production identifying your opinions...<br />
Try to include aspects like<br />
the effects of the play for you<br />
and whether you found it<br />
believable or interesting, and why<br />
See pages 12 and 13<br />
Devised from http://www.squidoo.com/TheatreReviews<br />
Conduct ‘Hot Seating’ interviews with characters from<br />
The Comedy of Errors, with one individual taking on the<br />
role of the interviewer - asking characters about their<br />
hobbies and interests...<br />
.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
The Comedy of Errors Review<br />
18 March 2011<br />
Propeller, the all-male British theater troupe that routinely turns <strong>Shakespeare</strong> into a<br />
donnybrook, has never hesitated to hit below the belt. Or above it, or behind it, or<br />
right in the buckle. But it has surely never landed as many blows as it does in its<br />
relentlessly punch-drunk production of ―The Comedy of Errors,‖ which runs through<br />
March 27 at the Harvey Theater of the Brooklyn Academy of Music..<br />
Edward Hall‘s eye-popping staging of this early <strong>Shakespeare</strong> comedy works its way<br />
through a wide vocabulary of martial arts moves — boxing jabs, swift kicks to the<br />
rear, karate chops, wrestling locks — and weapons that include nightsticks,<br />
nunchaku sticks, whips, dinner plates and cans of mace. Yet despite such variety, an<br />
air of sameness soon pervades the ancient town of Ephesus, as if one were watching<br />
an endless loop of a particularly frenzied episode of ―The Itchy and Scratchy Show‖<br />
from ―The Simpsons.‖ With a lively mariachi band setting the rhythms for this<br />
production, it‘s not only the beat that goes on and on; the beatings do too.<br />
In the past Propeller has used its no-holds-barred approach to surprisingly unsettling<br />
and illuminating effect. Their twinned interpretations of ―The Taming of the Shrew‖<br />
and ―Twelfth Night‖ (seen at the Brooklyn Academy in 2007) brought out a cruelty in<br />
those works that most directors choose to finesse and that made us think twice about<br />
what we reflexively laugh at.<br />
But if ever a play didn‘t cry out for this company‘s brand of man-handling, it‘s ―The<br />
Comedy of Errors.‖ Scaling up the brutality in what is <strong>Shakespeare</strong>‘s most purely<br />
farcical work is like putting Charlie Sheen on a heavy diet of steroids. There‘s more<br />
than enough testosterone to begin with. And since a Keystone Kops style of mayhem<br />
has been the default setting for ―Errors‖ for many decades, the more startling<br />
approach would have been to turn down the violence and look for the poetry. The<br />
slapstick can almost automatically take care of itself.<br />
As it is, this tale of the chaos and confusion inspired by the convergence of two longseparated<br />
sets of identical twins has been given inspired touches of theatrical<br />
ingenuity, though they are often overwhelmed by the nonstop punching and shouting.<br />
Mr. Hall and the designer Michael Pavelka have reconceived Ephesus as a sort of<br />
Tijuana-type border town, a place where guys go to get drunk, get lucky and get lost.<br />
When Antipholus of Syracuse (Dugald Bruce-Lockhart) arrives here in search of his<br />
long-lost brother, accompanied by his servant, Dromio (Richard Frame), he finds that<br />
festive, presumably potent drinks keep materializing out of nowhere. So does a tribe<br />
of musicians wearing sombreros, who provide a stream of mood-reflecting melody.<br />
These strolling troubadours create the senses-blurring element through which all the<br />
characters swim, and they‘re the best thing in the show.<br />
Traditionally the biggest problem in staging ―Errors‖ is its demand for two pairs of<br />
actors who can pass for mirror images of each other. Mr. Hall‘s production solves this<br />
quite nicely. He introduces the four twins in the play‘s opening scene by having them<br />
materialize as a kind of illuminated Exhibit A, when the travel-weary Aegeon (John<br />
Dougall), tells the story of how he lost his sons.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Mr. Bruce-Lockhart and Mr. Frame, as the visiting Antipholus and Dromio, and Sam<br />
Swainsbury and Jon Trenchard as the home-town Ephesian characters of the same<br />
names, have been attired and coiffed to such distinctively lurid effect that you don‘t<br />
really look beyond the surface. Each set of twins is dressed identically (as this<br />
improbable story demands), and that first superficial double image sticks with you.<br />
Antipholus of Syracuse is a brooding bachelor, given to reflections on identity;<br />
Antipholus of Ephesus is a hedonistic married man, given to buying bling and<br />
consorting with prostitutes. But they share a tendency to beat up their manservants<br />
when they feel they are being disrespected or misinformed. Both Dromios complain<br />
often of being treated as whip-scarred beasts of burden.<br />
In this version, though, it isn‘t only the Dromios who come in for hard treatment.<br />
Physical abuse appears to be the lingua franca of Ephesus. Antipholus of Ephesus‘s<br />
jealous wife, Adriana (Robert Hands), keeps S&M toys in the bedroom; Luciana<br />
(David Newman) her virgin sister, has evidently studied jiujitsu, and the head of the<br />
town priory, the abbess Aemelia (Chris Myles) dresses like a dominatrix and<br />
brandishes a riding crop.<br />
A policeman (Dominic Tighe) has his own nightstick pushed up his rectum, while<br />
another (a conjurer, played by Tony Bell, and tediously embodied here as a Texasstyle<br />
evangelist) suffers having a lighted sparkler inserted in the same orifice. And of<br />
course instances of old-fashioned fisticuffs are legion. The best parts of these acts of<br />
violence are the ways in which they are aurally annotated by different musical<br />
sounds. (The kazoo and the xylophone are particularly well deployed.)<br />
The cast members sustain a high level of vigor, though they let their costumes do<br />
most of their character definition. Mr. Bruce-Lockhart, a loutish Petruchio in<br />
Propeller‘s ―Shrew,‖ makes an impression by showing his (relatively) sensitive side<br />
as the addled Antipholus of Syracuse. And he and Mr. Frame, as his Dromio, are<br />
very funny executing what is perhaps the ultimate ―How fat is she?‖ routine.<br />
Since nearly all the characters exist in a state of high exasperation, they tend to<br />
speak fast and frantically. This means that some of what they say will be<br />
incomprehensible to theatergoers unfamiliar with the text. What with problems of<br />
inaudibility afflicting the Broadway revival of Tom Stoppard‘s ―Arcadia,‖ imported<br />
British-born productions would seem to be in surprising need of elocution lessons.<br />
Ben Brantley<br />
Source: http://theater.nytimes.com/2011/03/19/theater/reviews/propellers-comedy-of-errorsat-brooklyn-academy-review.html<br />
What is your opinion of this review? Why?<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Reviewing a production<br />
A good theatre review does not merely summarize the plot of<br />
The Comedy of Errors.<br />
It provides the reader with any necessary—or interesting—background for<br />
understanding the play and its production: information about the playwright,<br />
the historical or cultural context of the play, previous important productions,<br />
media hype surrounding the play, and so on. It describes important details of<br />
the production—such as acting, direction and staging—and how these factors<br />
contribute to the play's total impact.<br />
Personal Response<br />
Reviewers are audience members first and critics second. Your first reactions<br />
will be personal responses to questions such as these:<br />
Is the play interesting?<br />
Does it capture your interest and hold<br />
it?<br />
What most interests you—-the plot?<br />
characters? theme? dialogue?<br />
production (sets, props, lighting,<br />
sound, costumes, and makeup)?<br />
Is the play convincing?<br />
Do you accept what you see?<br />
Even if the play is not realistic, are you<br />
willing to make what the critic Samuel<br />
Taylor Coleridge called a "willing<br />
suspension of disbelief"?<br />
That is, you know you are watching a<br />
play, not reality, but you agree to be<br />
convinced by what you see.<br />
Is the play moving?<br />
Do you feel something or respond to<br />
something?<br />
Do you laugh? cry? sympathize with<br />
the characters or their situation? feel<br />
the suspense or mystery?<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Is the play stimulating?<br />
Does it give you something to think<br />
about?<br />
Does it give you new ideas? make a<br />
point you hadn't considered? give a<br />
new insight into some part of life?<br />
The Play’s Effect<br />
Asking yourself the following questions is a way of extending your analysis of<br />
the play:<br />
What does this performance do for<br />
me?<br />
Does it tell me something about being<br />
a human being, about people's<br />
motivations, behavior, fears, desires,<br />
relationships?<br />
What does this performance do for the<br />
community?<br />
Does it enable me to recognize social<br />
injustice or political corruption, or to<br />
encourage me to think about how to<br />
solve such problems?<br />
What does this performance do for the<br />
theatre?<br />
Does the performance provide<br />
playwrights and directors with new<br />
ways to write or stage drama?<br />
What does this performance do simply<br />
as entertainment?<br />
Does the experience satisfy those in<br />
the audience basically looking for<br />
diversion?<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Write<br />
Discuss<br />
Perform<br />
Re-create a scene from The Comedy of Errors using text<br />
speak. Choose a piece of dialogue, or use the one<br />
attached to create a whole conversation...<br />
I WS ONLY 2 GT U FRM TH<br />
MRKT AND BRNG U 2 YR<br />
HOUS FR LNCH<br />
The Comedy of Errors<br />
(Act 1, Scene 2)<br />
See pages 15 and 16<br />
Based on http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/<br />
lesson_images/lesson857/interp-projects.pdf<br />
Explore the comedic aspects of The Comedy of Errors,<br />
comparing to different comedic plays. How are they<br />
different and what is similar?...<br />
See pages 17 and 18<br />
Obtained from<br />
http://shakespeare.about.com/od/thecomedies/a/<strong>Shakespeare</strong>_Comedy.htm<br />
Perform the text message ‘conversations’ to the class.<br />
Focus on the isolating<br />
aspects of ‘texting’,<br />
while remaining on<br />
stage with your<br />
partner. The aim of<br />
these scenes is the<br />
creation of a<br />
presentational<br />
performance...<br />
.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
The Comedy of Errors – Act 1 Scene 2<br />
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE<br />
Come, Dromio, come, these jests are out of season;<br />
Reserve them till a merrier hour than this.<br />
Where is the gold I gave in charge to thee?<br />
DROMIO OF EPHESUS<br />
To me, sir? why, you gave no gold to me.<br />
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE<br />
Come on, sir knave, have done your foolishness,<br />
And tell me how thou hast disposed thy charge.<br />
DROMIO OF EPHESUS<br />
My charge was but to fetch you from the mart<br />
Home to your house, the Phoenix, sir, to dinner:<br />
My mistress and her sister stays for you.<br />
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE<br />
In what safe place you have bestow'd my money,<br />
Or I shall break that merry sconce of yours<br />
That stands on tricks when I am undisposed:<br />
Where is the thousand marks thou hadst of me?<br />
DROMIO OF EPHESUS<br />
I have some marks of yours upon my pate,<br />
Some of my mistress' marks upon my shoulders,<br />
But not a thousand marks between you both.<br />
If I should pay your worship those again,<br />
Perchance you will not bear them patiently.<br />
ANTIPHOLUS OF SYRACUSE<br />
Thy mistress' marks? what mistress, slave, hast thou?<br />
DROMIO OF EPHESUS<br />
Your worship's wife, my mistress at the Phoenix;<br />
She that doth fast till you come home to dinner,<br />
And prays that you will hie you home to dinner.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Instant Messages or Text Messages<br />
Use modern-day speech (or text speech) to create a conversation between<br />
two characters from the play The Comedy of Errors<br />
Sender:<br />
Sender:<br />
Sender:<br />
Sender:<br />
Sender:<br />
Sender:<br />
Message:<br />
Message:<br />
Message:<br />
Message:<br />
Message:<br />
Message:<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Common Features of a <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Comedy<br />
What makes a <strong>Shakespeare</strong> comedy identifiable if the genre is not<br />
distinct from the <strong>Shakespeare</strong>an tragedies and histories? This is an<br />
ongoing area of debate, but many believe that the comedies share<br />
certain characteristics, as described below:<br />
Comedy through language: <strong>Shakespeare</strong> communicated his<br />
comedy through language and his comedy plays are peppered<br />
with clever word play, metaphors and insults.<br />
Love: The theme of love is prevalent in every <strong>Shakespeare</strong><br />
comedy. Often, we are presented with sets of lovers who, through<br />
the course of the play, overcome the obstacles in their<br />
relationship and unite.<br />
Complex plots: The plotline of a <strong>Shakespeare</strong> comedy contains<br />
more twists and turns than his tragedies and histories. Although<br />
the plots are convoluted, they do follow similar patterns. For<br />
example, the climax of the play always occurs in the third act and<br />
the final scene has a celebratory feel when the lovers finally<br />
declare their love for each other.<br />
Mistaken identities: The plot is often driven by mistaken identity.<br />
Sometimes this is an intentional part of a villain’s plot, as in Much<br />
Ado About Nothing when Don John tricks Claudio into believing<br />
that his fiancé has been unfaithful through mistaken identity.<br />
Characters also play scenes in disguise and it is not uncommon for<br />
female characters to disguise themselves as male characters.<br />
<strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s 17 comedies are the most difficult<br />
to classify because they overlap in style with<br />
other genres. Critics often describe some plays as<br />
tragi-comedies because they mix equal measures<br />
of tragedy and comedy. For example, Much Ado<br />
About Nothing starts as a <strong>Shakespeare</strong> comedy,<br />
but takes on the characteristics of a tragedy<br />
when Hero is disgraced and fakes her own death.<br />
At this point, the play has more in common with<br />
Romeo and Juliet, one of <strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s key<br />
tragedies.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Description of Comedic convention<br />
Examples from <strong>Shakespeare</strong>‘s plays<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Discuss<br />
Play<br />
Perform<br />
Discuss some of the statements regarding<br />
<strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s comedies, and their relevance for a<br />
modern audience...<br />
- <strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s comedies are not funny<br />
- The Comedy of Errors is a farce<br />
- There is very little reality to <strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s world<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12<br />
See page 20<br />
Obtained from http://artsalive.ca/pdf/eth/activities/comedy_of_errors_guide.pdf<br />
Improvise the whole of The Comedy of Errors in under<br />
five minutes. In small groups, one student narrates the<br />
story while the remaining students perform the<br />
scenes...<br />
Like the game ‘Typewriter’, students may<br />
improvise with or without dialogue, while<br />
predominately being guided by the narrator.<br />
The group could perform one of the statements from<br />
‘Fold 1’ as a means to communicate a moral message<br />
Improvise a ‘new’ <strong>Shakespeare</strong>an scene for a comedy,<br />
based on the established conventions of his comedies...<br />
.<br />
You could improvise a scene between...<br />
-Two jesters meeting in a war<br />
- Disguised twins fooling each other<br />
- Two families lost in a supermarket
Purpose of <strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s Comedies<br />
“Laughter is nothing else than sudden glory." - Thomas Hobbes<br />
“One excellent test of the civilization of a country ...I ta´e to be the<br />
flourishing of the Comic idea and Comedy.” - George Meredith<br />
Comedy is, of course, intended to amuse us. Often it makes us think,<br />
too. There are many genres of comedy. Some are Satire, Parody, Farce,<br />
Black Comedy, Comedy of Manners, Slapstick, Romantic Comedy, Sitcoms,<br />
Stand-up Comedy.<br />
Comedy is one of the original four genres of literature as defined by<br />
Aristotle in his Poetics. Aristotle defines Literature, in general, as a<br />
mimesis, or imitation of life. Comedy is the third genre of literature, the<br />
farthest away from a true mimesis.<br />
For Aristotle, all comedies begin with a person of low status unable to<br />
achieve what he wants. By the end of the story or play that person has<br />
won the prize he was seeking. Comedies often use the supernatural, and<br />
magic. All comedies end happily.<br />
Elizabethan Comedy<br />
"Comedy", in Elizabethan times, had a very different meaning from<br />
modern comedy. A <strong>Shakespeare</strong>an comedy is one that has a happy<br />
ending, usually involving marriage between the unmarried characters,<br />
and a light tone and style. Patterns in the comedies include movement<br />
to a "green world" (an innocent world), internal and external conflicts,<br />
and a tension between order and serenity on the one hand, and frenzy<br />
or chaos on the other.<br />
What aspects of comedy can you locate in The Comedy of Errors?<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Play<br />
Perform<br />
Write<br />
In small groups, present a short ‘dictionary’ description<br />
of <strong>Shakespeare</strong>’s comedic conventions. One student<br />
narrates, while the remaining students act it out...<br />
- Act out a shipwreck and separated lovers<br />
- Define mistaken identity with examples<br />
- Explain the comedic nature of the twins<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12<br />
See page 22<br />
Obtained from http://artsalive.ca/pdf/eth/activities/comedy_of_errors_guide.pdf<br />
In small groups, create five tableaus depicting either<br />
the comedy and/or the ‘love’ of each Act. It should be<br />
clear in each tableau which characters are being<br />
represented...<br />
Try focusing on the conventions<br />
from ‘Fold 1’, as this will help to<br />
communicate more clearly to an audience.<br />
Explore the structure of The Comedy of Errors by<br />
storyboarding your tableaus. Try to illustrate the<br />
position and intent of each character represented...<br />
See page 23
Conventions of <strong>Shakespeare</strong>an Romantic Comedy<br />
1. The main action is about love, about separation and re-unification.<br />
There is a struggle of traditional rivals to overcome a difficulty, which is<br />
often presented by young people. The lovers must overcome obstacles<br />
before being united. The ending frequently has several couples getting<br />
married, and an actual celebration, in dance, song, or feast.<br />
2. Frequently, the play contains the improbable, the supernatural, or the<br />
miraculous, with unbelievable coincidences, scenes of mistaken identity,<br />
disregard for the social order, instant conversions, enchanted or foreign<br />
settings, and supernatural beings (witches, fairies, gods and goddesses).<br />
The happy ending may be brought about through supernatural or divine<br />
intervention, or may involve improbable plot twists.<br />
3. <strong>Shakespeare</strong> uses stock characters extensively in his early plays, and<br />
occasionally in his later work. A clever servant often helps to bring the<br />
ending about.<br />
4. The themes involve important issues, such as personal identity, the<br />
importance of love, the power of language, poetry and art; the conflict<br />
between appearance and reality.<br />
5. There is frequent word play, with wit, jokes and punning.<br />
What examples can you locate from the text?<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Storyboarding The Comedy of Errors<br />
Draw a significant image from each<br />
Act in the play.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Play<br />
Discuss<br />
Rehearse<br />
Create a PowerPoint presentation (or use a similar<br />
presentation program) to outline the entire play in ten<br />
to fifteen modern images with text...<br />
As the presentation<br />
is for modern audiences,<br />
the images could be<br />
downloaded or created in class<br />
Based on http://www.readwritethink.org/files/resources/lesson<br />
_images/lesson857/interp-projects.pdf<br />
Discuss the importance of the text in association with<br />
the images used in the PowerPoint presentation...<br />
View the ‘Visualizing the Dramatic Structure’ @<br />
http://www.flickr.com/photos/peterpaulrubens/<br />
sets/72157624627941584/with/4848600769/<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12<br />
See page 25<br />
Can you use images alone,<br />
or do you also need to ‘talk’<br />
directly to your audience?<br />
Return to the script from ‘Scene 3, Fold 1’, and begin to<br />
rehearse your final performance piece. Work beyond<br />
the expectation of the ‘traditional’ performance, while<br />
still focusing on the comedy within it. Try it as a<br />
presentational performance... how does it change?
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Rehearse<br />
Write<br />
Discuss<br />
Rehearse and improve your presentational piece. The<br />
piece is based on your group’s interpretation of Act 1,<br />
Scene 2 from The Comedy of Errors...<br />
Reflect on the process of creating your performance.<br />
Discuss the performative elements employed, and what<br />
work is still required...<br />
Share this information with your<br />
partner as it provides an opportunity<br />
for significant improvements as part<br />
of the rehearsal process.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12<br />
See page 27<br />
Discuss the requirements of the performance and the<br />
technologies needed. These include costumes, props,<br />
music, etc...
Reflecting on the process<br />
Describe aspects of your performance that still require focus.<br />
Performance<br />
Elements<br />
acting<br />
blocking<br />
diction<br />
facial expression<br />
gestures<br />
movement<br />
projection<br />
vocal expression<br />
Describe aspects of the performance that are prepared.<br />
Performance<br />
Elements<br />
acting<br />
blocking<br />
diction<br />
facial expression<br />
gestures<br />
movement<br />
projection<br />
vocal expression<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Play<br />
Perform<br />
Write<br />
Create your own warm-up for the class. Design and<br />
perform a short warm-up that gets everyone focused<br />
and prepared for the performances...<br />
This ‘Scene’ is focused on the presentation of each<br />
group’s performance. The finished piece requires a<br />
strong sense and use of space, as well as minimal<br />
employment of technologies to aid the performance...<br />
Provide feedback on the other performances, using the<br />
review terminology employed at the beginning of the<br />
unit...<br />
This is not the means to be negative,<br />
rather a way to critically respond<br />
to the work and concepts of others<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12<br />
See page 28
Group:<br />
Group:<br />
Group:<br />
Group:<br />
Group:<br />
Performance Feedback<br />
Write feedback on the other group‘s performances.<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12
Images<br />
Royal <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company's The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2009/may/20/review-comedy-of-errors<br />
Bag&Baggage Production of The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.oregonlive.com/performance/index.ssf/2009/01/theater_review_co<br />
medy_of_error.html<br />
Royal <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company's The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.curtainup.com/comedyoferrorsrsc.html<br />
Commonwealth <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company‘s The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://thephoenix.com/boston/arts/88066-twin-peaks/<br />
Royal <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company's The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.guardian.co.uk/stage/2010/apr/09/comedy-of-errors-review<br />
The Indiana Festival Theatre‘s The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://indianapublicmedia.org/arts/comedy-review/<br />
Open Air Theatre‘s The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.musicomh.com/theatre/lon_comedy-errors_0610.htm<br />
St. Andrew‘s Catholic School‘s The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.sacs.nsw.edu.au/academic/drama__1/drama<br />
UVU Educational Resources<br />
https://open.uvu.edu/login/index.php<br />
‗Visualizing the Dramatic Structure‘ of The Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.flickr.com/photos/peterpaulrubens/sets/72157624627941584/with/<br />
4848600769/<br />
Kingsmen <strong>Shakespeare</strong> Company‘s of The comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.fillmoregazette.com/arts-entertainment/shakespeare-festival-startscomedy<br />
Thredbo Blues Concert‘s Comedy of Errors<br />
http://www.ciau.com.au/snow/rrhist3.asp?rrid=122&mth=<br />
Created by <strong>Shakespeare</strong> <strong>WA</strong>, Murdoch University and supported by Healthway © 2011/12