THE GENUS BRYUM (BRYACEAE, MUSCI) IN MIDDLE ... - Arctoa

186
longly decurrent, decurrencies 2.2-2.7(-3.5) mm;
without red pigmentation at base but sometimes
pinkish throughout; margin narrowly recurved
in lower third of leaf or plane, entire; border
indistinct, narrow; costa thin, green, decurrent,
ending below apex to percurrent. Laminal cells
thin-walled, not porose, in upper leaf rhomboidhexagonal,
40-52 x 18-22(-30) μm, in mid-leaf
rhomboid-hexagonal and partly rectangular, 48-
56(-60) x 16-20(-24) μm, towards margin longer
and narrower, at base elongate-rhomboid, elongate-rectangular,
more rarely elongate-hexagonal,
60-80 μm long and (20-)24(-28) μm wide, in
decurrencies elongate-rhomboid, 60-80 x 18-20(-
24) μm; border cells with more thicker cell walls
than in laminal cells.
[Perichaetial leaves lanceolate, margin plane,
costa ending below apex. Seta 2-4(-6) cm, reddish
to red, thin, twisted when dry, abruptly
curved below capsule. Capsule pendulous, brownish,
to 4 mm long, 0.8-1.0 mm thick, oblong-pyriform,
symmetric, strongly contracted below broad
mouth when dry, neck narrow, shorter than or as
long as urn. Operculum large, convex, with acute
conic apiculus, light-brown, dull. Annulus broad,
3-4-rowed. Peristome inserted at urn mouth, 600(-
700) μm high. Exostome teeth at base ca. 100 μm
wide, gradually tapered above, below yellow, in
uppermost part hyaline; border narrow, to 4-8(-
12) μm; median line zig-zag-shaped to straight;
fundus dark-yellow, 40-60(-70) μm high, broadened;
ventral trabeculae 25-30(-36). Endostome
free, yellowish; basal membrane 1/2-4/7 of
endostome length; segments rather broad, halfsegment
at base 50-55 μm wide, broadly perforate
below, narrowly split above; cilia 2-3, long,
densely and finely papillose, appendiculate.
Spores 12-16(-20) μm, yellowish to greenish.]
Differentiation: This species is easy to identify
by its unbordered leaves with very elongate
and broad decurrencies.
Habitat: On muddy and peat soil in swampy
meadows and eutrophic swamps, banks of irrigative
channels, near springs, along streams in forests.
Selected specimens examined (50): Bashkortostan,
Grigor’ev 10.VIII.1989, MW; Leningrad Prov., Korchagin
8.VII.1924, MW; Moscow Prov., Trofimov 10.IX.1948,
V. I. ZOLOTOV
MW; Nizhnij Novgorod Prov., Shvezov 11.VI.1915, MW;
Perm Prov., Bezgodov #576á, MW; Vladimir Prov., Nazarov
#160, MW; Voronezh Prov., Popova #4391, VOR.
Bryum turbinatum (Hedw.) Turn., Muscol.
Hibern. Spic. 127. 1804. – Mnium turbinatum
Hedw., Sp. Musc. Frond. 191. 1801. Fig. 79
Dioicous; male and female plants in mixed
or separate tufts; male plants delicate, loosely
foliate; perigonia with numerous red-orange antheridia
and yellow paraphyses; paraphyses
somewhat (to 1/3) longer than antheridia; outer
perigonial leaves slightly concave, lanceolate,
inner perigonial leaves smaller, rounder and ecostae.
Upper leaves of male plants with more distinct
leaf border of more thick-walled cells than
in females, and costa thin, yellowish below, brownish
above, excurrent in thin and long awn.
Plants in soft, loose to rather compact tufts
1-4 cm high, green, dirty-green, yellow-green to
reddish-brown, densely tomentose, rhizoids ferrugineous-brown,
papillose. Stem pale greenishfuscous
to red or red-brown, 1.0-2.5 cm long,
evenly moderately densely foliate along most
of its length, comose above, subterminal shoots
1-2(-3), short, evenly loosely foliate except comosely
crowded uppermost leaves. Sterile shoots
straight, tall, loosely foliate. Lower leaves, leaves
of subterminal and sterile shoots small, gradually
enlarged upwards, ovate, acuminate, weakly
decurrent, with plane and entire margin, 1.0-
1.5 mm long, 0.5 mm wide. Upper leaves +rigid,
erect when wet, losely appressed when dry, 2.2-
2.8 mm long, 0.7-0.9 mm wide, ovate-lanceolate
to oblong, widest at ca. 1/3 of leaf length, carinate,
narrowly acuminate, slightly narrowed
toward the base, non-decurrent, without red
pigmentation at base, but sometimes reddish
throughout; leaf margin broadly to narrowly
recurved from base to 2/3-3/4 of leaf length,
entire or weakly serrulate above; border distinct
to indistinct, yellowish to yellow, sometimes
inflated, composed of 2-3 rows of elongate
cells with thin or slightly thickened cell
walls, uni- or partly bistratose; costa stout,
brownish-green, above brown to fuscous, shortly
excurrent in smooth awn. Laminal cells lax,
with thin or slightly thickened walls, not po-
Fig. 79. Bryum turbinatum (Schwaegr.) B. S. G. (from Tula Prov., Barkov 1302, LE): 1 – capsule; 2-3 – habit; 4 –
inner surface of exostome tooth; 5 – outer surface of exostome tooth; 6 – part of endostome; 7 – annulus; 8 – upper
laminal cells; 9 – perigonial leaf; 10-11 – perichaetial leaves; 12-14 – leaves;15 – mid-leaf cells; 16 – basal cells.
Scale bars: 5 mm for 3; 2 mm – 1-2; 1 mm – 9-14; 200 μm – 7-8, 15-16; 100 μm – 4-6.