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the molluscan fauna of the alum bluff group of florida

the molluscan fauna of the alum bluff group of florida

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THE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF THE ALUM BLUFF GROUP OF FLORIDA<br />

INTRODUCTION<br />

This paper, <strong>the</strong> fourth <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> series upon <strong>the</strong> Mol-<br />

lusca <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Alum Bluff <strong>group</strong>, covers <strong>the</strong> Veneracea<br />

one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most highly organized superfamilies <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong><br />

Pelecypoda and one <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> most prolific in <strong>the</strong> tropical<br />

seas. The recognized Alum Bluff species number 44.<br />

The general character <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>fauna</strong>s <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> three for.<br />

mations is well exemplified in <strong>the</strong> venerids. The<br />

Chipola venerid <strong>fauna</strong> is subtropical and remarkably<br />

diversified. Over 60 per cent <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> total number <strong>of</strong><br />

species occur in this one formation. The succeeding<br />

Oak Grove carries only 10 species less than 25 per<br />

By JULIA GARDNER<br />

PART IV. VENERACEA<br />

cent but <strong>the</strong> individuals in <strong>the</strong> Oak Grove probably<br />

outnumber those in <strong>the</strong> Chipola. The Shoal River<br />

shows a decided increase in <strong>the</strong> number <strong>of</strong> species<br />

peculiar to <strong>the</strong> formation though <strong>the</strong> total number<br />

does not greatly exceed that <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Oak Grove. Of<br />

<strong>the</strong> 15 species represented (a little less than one-<br />

third <strong>the</strong> total number) 11 are restricted to <strong>the</strong> Shoal<br />

River.<br />

The modernity <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Alum Bluff Veneracea is<br />

striking, with <strong>the</strong> exception <strong>of</strong> a few <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> less con­<br />

spicuous genera. The dominant features <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Alum<br />

Bluff venerids are those which still persist in <strong>the</strong><br />

Floridian <strong>fauna</strong>s to-day.<br />

Distribution <strong>of</strong> species <strong>of</strong> Veneracea in <strong>the</strong> Alum Bluff <strong>group</strong> <strong>of</strong> Florida<br />

[i, rare; p, present; c, common; a, abundant; pr, prolific- 'The localities within each formation are listed in geographic order from north to south and from west to east]<br />

Dosinia (Dosinidia) chipolana Dall ____ ... _ .. __ _ ....<br />

(Dosinidia) liogona Dall.... ________ __ .. __ . _ .<br />

(Dosinidia) dalli Gardner, n. sp_.__ ......................<br />

Clementia grayi Dall _ .. ______ .....................<br />

Grateloupia (Cy<strong>the</strong>riopsis) <strong>alum</strong>ensis Dall _____ . .... . .<br />

chipolana Dall. .-.-... __ _ _ _ _ _ _ .... ___ ...<br />

dasa Gardner, n. sp. .. ____ -...-..---... _ ......<br />

Gafrarium (Gouldia) erosum Dall __ _ _ ... _____ ......<br />

(Gouldia) altum Dall....... ..............................<br />

(Paradione) waltonensis Gardner, n. sp_. __ _ __ .....<br />

Antigona caesarina (Dall).. ________ __________ .<br />

(Lirophora) sellardsi Gardner, n. sp .......................<br />

(Lirophora) trimeris Gardner, n. sp. ......................<br />

Venus langdoni Dall.... _ .. __ .. _ _ ......<br />

Petricola (Rupellaria) sp. undetermined . _..___._____.<br />

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