JOHN MOOREHERITAGE SERVICES - Archaeology Data Service

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John Moore HERITAGE <strong>SERVICES</strong> Cobrey Farm, Ross on Wye, Herefordshire An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment The Roman road runs across Wig Meadow, and near Ryeford cobbled areas and structures were noted in excavations (see above). The Roman settlement may have extended south along the line of this road across Wig Meadow. A further possibility is that it is derived from Welsh gwig, a moor or marsh, as equivalent English names occur to the south. : The names, though no early recordings have with this quick survey been identified, may be of significant. The fields lie to the north and east of Area C. The Domesday Book refers to a manor associated with Walford and Ross at a site called Wiboldingtvne (Thorn and Thorn 1983, 2.22, notes), which is mentioned above, is listed as 3 hides that are waste, but contain a fishery. The manor has been associated with Whippington Brook at Staunton in Gloucestershire (Smith 1964b, 213), some 10 miles away. Whippington Brook, first recorded as Wybaltunesbroke in 1282, does contain other medieval forms that would enable the manor to be associated with it (1996, 101-17) and it is likely that the manor was on the site of Bracelands. However, the forms of the field-names Wivington (SO 617 221, SO 620 219, and SO 622 216) are indicative of a similarly formed name and there could be some confusion over the records and locations. The name Wall Field (SO 622 218) may also be associated with these names, the term wall often refers to a vallum, and this may refer to earthworks associated with the Wivington settlement or to a bank around Penyard Park. (by David Gilbert) In 1831 Area A is depicted as an orchard on the first series Ordnance Survey (OS) map (Fig. 8). The 1:2,500 OS map of 1889 shows the main boundary of the field as it is at present, however it is subdivided in two. It is not marked as an orchard on this map. There is no change recorded until the 1:2,500 OS map of 1969 which shows the western area, closest to the stream, marked as a marsh. The 1:10,000 OS map of 1972 shows the same, however on that of 1992 the internal division is removed and the pond has been excavated. Figure 8. Area A on the 1831 OS map 22
John Moore HERITAGE <strong>SERVICES</strong> Cobrey Farm, Ross on Wye, Herefordshire An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment Area B is within field 304 on the 1:2,500 OS map of 1889. This field is one of several large fields to the north of the stream. These fields are depicted on the 1:10,560 OS map of 1968, but the field boundaries are not present on the 1:2,500 OS map of 1969. The 1:2,500 OS map of 1889 shows the main boundary of the field for Area C very similar to its present state. There is a slight variation to the western field edge, which has relatively recently been altered to accommodate farm buildings. The first of these buildings are depicted on the 1:2,500 OS map of 1969. (by David Gilbert) A study of all known archaeological sites in the Herefordhire HER within 600m has been carried out; these have been listed by chronological period. 1. Find spot (SMR 38497 - MHE16482) a Neolithic greenstone macehead was found at Coleraine Farm. (SO 616 219). 2. Structural material and pottery (SMR 840 - MHE379, Event: 840). Trenching by N P Bridgewater in 1958 revealed area of structural material beside road, 15" below ground level: flue tile, roof tile (stone), glass and pottery of 2-4 century. Several sandstone blocks, one being shaped, lay on floor and outside of, but did not form recognisable wall. (SO 634 225) 3. Find spot (SMR 49938 - MHE22806). Pin of 1 st -3 rd century date (SO 63 22) 4. Road (SMR 5322 - MHE2002). Cobbled surface observed on line of Roman road from Ariconium to the southwest. Excavation in 1959 S of Weston located the course of the road metalled with slag & quantities of slag charcoal & pottery. It lies on the correct alignment for the course of this road but the cobbled surface does not match that of the road excavated by Bridgewater. (SO 6332 2213) 5. Building Probably late medieval (LBSUID 155513). Timber-framed, now with rendered stone walls and a slate roof. One storey with attic. Grade II listed. (SO 63956 22076) 6. Site of Chapel (SMR 12578 - MHE5081). Baisham Manor Customal 1750 of the manor here states "there is still the remains of a chapel at Ponshill now converted into a dwelling house & granted by lease to Henry Palmer, where in ancient times divine prayers were want to be said on St George's day" (SO 638 218) 7. Fishpond (SMR 8556 - MHE3693) recorded on the 1840 Hope Mansel Tithe Award (SO 6291 2179). 23
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