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Some applications of Dirac's delta function in Statistics for more than ...

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AAM: Intern, J., Vol. 3, Issue 1 (June 2008) [Previously, Vol. 3, No. 1] 53<br />

The last equality follows because <strong>of</strong> the follow<strong>in</strong>g relation<br />

n<br />

( k ) ( n−k<br />

)<br />

n ∂<br />

〈 ψ , δ ( x) δ ( y)<br />

〉 = ( −1)<br />

ψ ( x,<br />

y)<br />

|<br />

k n−k<br />

x=<br />

0,<br />

y=<br />

0 .<br />

∂x<br />

∂y<br />

There<strong>for</strong>e, we have<br />

1<br />

f ( x,<br />

y)<br />

= ∑ ≤ n< ∞∑<br />

δ<br />

0 0≤k<br />

< n k!<br />

( n − k)!<br />

n ( k ) ( n−k<br />

)<br />

µ k , n−k<br />

( −1)<br />

δ ( x)<br />

( y)<br />

.<br />

Now, the non-central moment <strong>of</strong> order ( r , s)<br />

is given by<br />

∞ ∞<br />

∫ ∫<br />

−∞−∞<br />

But, we also have<br />

∫∫<br />

∞ ∞<br />

r s<br />

r s<br />

f ( x,<br />

y)<br />

x y dxdy = ∫ ∫ x y ∑ ∑<br />

−∞−∞<br />

0≤n< ∞ 0≤k<br />

≤n<br />

r s ( i)<br />

( j)<br />

x y δ ( x)<br />

δ ( y)<br />

dxdy = 0,<br />

if i ≠ r or j ≠ s<br />

1<br />

k!<br />

( n − k)!<br />

r+ s<br />

= ( −1)<br />

r!<br />

s!<br />

, if i = r and j = s .<br />

There<strong>for</strong>e, the non-central moment <strong>of</strong> order ( r , s)<br />

reduces to µ r, s .<br />

n ( k ) ( n−k<br />

)<br />

µ k , n−k<br />

( −1)<br />

δ ( x)<br />

δ ( y)<br />

dxdy .<br />

When we talk about the moment generat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>function</strong> <strong>in</strong> the one variable case, we have<br />

∞<br />

n<br />

tX tx ( −1)<br />

(<br />

φ ( t)<br />

= E(<br />

e ) = ∫ e ∑ µ<br />

0≤n<<br />

∞<br />

nδ<br />

n!<br />

=<br />

=<br />

=<br />

−∞<br />

n<br />

( −1)<br />

n!<br />

( −1)<br />

n!<br />

µ n<br />

t<br />

n<br />

∞<br />

∑ µ<br />

0≤n<<br />

∞<br />

n ∫<br />

∑0≤ n<<br />

∞<br />

∑0 ≤n<<br />

∞ !<br />

n<br />

n<br />

−∞<br />

e<br />

tx<br />

µ ( −1)<br />

.<br />

n<br />

δ<br />

n<br />

( n)<br />

d<br />

dx<br />

( x)<br />

dx<br />

n<br />

n<br />

e<br />

tx<br />

|<br />

n)<br />

x=<br />

0<br />

( x)<br />

dx<br />

In the two-variable case, the moment generat<strong>in</strong>g <strong>function</strong> is given by<br />

φ ( s,<br />

t)<br />

∞ ∞<br />

sX + tY<br />

sx+<br />

ty<br />

= E(<br />

e ) = ∫ ∫ e f ( x,<br />

y)<br />

dxdy<br />

−∞−∞<br />

∞ ∞<br />

sx+<br />

ty<br />

1<br />

= ∫ ∫ e ∑0≤ n< ∞∑<br />

0≤k<br />

< n k!<br />

( n − k<br />

−∞−∞<br />

=<br />

1<br />

k!<br />

( n − k)!<br />

µ<br />

)!<br />

k , n−k<br />

∞ ∞<br />

n<br />

∑ ∑ µ<br />

≤ < ∞ ≤ <<br />

− −<br />

0 n 0 k n<br />

k , n k ( 1)<br />

∫ ∫<br />

−∞−∞<br />

n<br />

( −1)<br />

δ<br />

e<br />

sx+<br />

ty<br />

δ<br />

( k )<br />

( k )<br />

( x)<br />

δ<br />

( x)<br />

δ<br />

( n−k<br />

)<br />

( n−k<br />

)<br />

( y)<br />

dxdy<br />

( y)<br />

dxdy

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