82 Maria Ficai, Ecaterina Andronescu, Anton Ficai, Georgeta Voicu, Bogdan Ştefan Vasile DTA, uV DTA, uA a) b) 250 200 150 100 50 0 -50 200 150 100 50 0 -50 DTA (uV) TGA, (%) DrTGA (mg/sec) 200 400 600 800 86 1000 t, 0 C DTA (uV) TGA (%) DrTGA (mg/sec) 200 400 600 800 86 1000 TGA, DrTGA % mg/ 100 0.0005 0 C 98 96 94 92 90 88 98 96 94 92 90 88 0.0000 -0.0005 -0.0010 -0.0015 -0.0020 -0.0025 -0.0030 -0.0035 TGA DrTGA % mg/ 100 0.0005 0 C 0.0000 -0.0005 -0.0010 -0.0015 -0.0020 -0.0025 -0.0030 t, 0 C Fig. 6. Complex thermal be<strong>ha</strong>viour of <strong>poly</strong> Bis-GMA/HA <strong>composite</strong> <strong>materials</strong> obtained by a) chemical and b) thermal <strong>poly</strong>merization
4. Conclusions Poly <strong>bis</strong>-GMA/HA <strong>based</strong> <strong>hybrid</strong> <strong>composite</strong> <strong>materials</strong> 83 This paper presents two synthesis methods of <strong>poly</strong> Bis-GMA/HA <strong>hybrid</strong> <strong>composite</strong> <strong>materials</strong> starting from Bis-GMA and HA powder. It can be concluded, the use of benzoyl peroxide improve the <strong>poly</strong>merization process of Bis-GMA, <strong>based</strong> on the complex thermal analysis. The TEM images showed t<strong>ha</strong>t the obtained <strong>hybrid</strong> <strong>materials</strong> are true nano<strong>composite</strong>, the <strong>poly</strong>mer <strong>ha</strong>ving rod-like morphology with 100-150 nm length and 15-25 nm diameter; the rod-like morphology being induced by the presence of the <strong>poly</strong> Bis-GMA. The obtained <strong>poly</strong> Bis-GMA/HA <strong>composite</strong> <strong>materials</strong> <strong>ha</strong>ve potential applications in orthopaedics and dentistry as filling or cementation <strong>materials</strong>. R E F E R E N C E S 1. R.A. Field, M.L. Riley, F.C. Mello, M.H. Corbfidge, A.W. Kotula, Bone composition in cattle, pigs, sheeep, and poultry. Journal of Animal Science 1974;39(3):493-499 2. D.A. Wahl, J.T. Czernuszka, Collagen-hydroxyapatite <strong>composite</strong>s for <strong>ha</strong>rd tissue repair. European Cells & Materials 2006;11:43-56 3. A. Melinescu, M. Preda, L.E. Sima, S.M. Petrescu, I. Teoreanu, In vitro testing of hydroxyapatite bioceramics. Revista Romana De Materiale-Romanian Journal of Materials 2008;38(3):233-236 4. X.H. Z<strong>ha</strong>o, L.F. Yang, Y. Zuo, J.P. Xiong, Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Titanium Prepared by Electrodeposition in a Modified Simulated Body Fluid. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2009;17(4):667-671 5. G.F. Zuo, C. Liu, H.L. Luo, F. He, H. Liang, J.H. Wang, et al., Synthesis of Intercalated Lamellar Hydroxyapatite/Gelatin Nano<strong>composite</strong> for Bone Substitute Application. Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2009 ;113(5):3089-3094 6. P.B. Z<strong>ha</strong>ng, Z.K. Hong, T. Yu, X.S. Chen, X.B. Jing, In vivo mineralization and osteogenesis of nano<strong>composite</strong> scaffold of <strong>poly</strong> (lactide-co-glycolide) and hydroxyapatite surface-grafted with <strong>poly</strong>(L-lactide). Bio<strong>materials</strong> 2009;30(1):58-70 7. A. Ficai, E. Andronescu, V. Trandafir, C. Ghitulica, G. Voicu, Collagen/hydroxyapatite <strong>composite</strong> obtained by electric field orientation. Materials Letters 2010; 64(4):541-544 8. X.L. Wang, X.M. Wang, Y.F. Tan, B. Z<strong>ha</strong>ng, Z.W. Gu, X.D. Li, Synthesis and evaluation of collagen-chitosan-hydroxyapatite nano<strong>composite</strong>s for bone grafting. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 2009;89A(4):1079-1087 9. P. Sirip<strong>ha</strong>nnon, P. Monvisade, Poly(ethylene terepht<strong>ha</strong>late)/hydroxyapatite bio<strong>materials</strong>: Preparation, c<strong>ha</strong>racterization, and in vitro bioactivity. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 2009;88A(2):464-469 10. T. Hirose, K. Wakasa, M. Yamaki, A Visible-Light Activating Unit with Experimental Light- Conductors - Photo<strong>poly</strong>merization in Bis-Gma Unfilled Resins for Dental Application. Journal of Materials Science 1990;25(2A):932-935 11. A. Sadan, M.B. Blatz, D. Soignet, Influence of silanization on early bond strength to sandblasted densely sintered alumina. Quintessence International 2003;34(3):172-176 12. M. Kobayashi, S. Shinzato, K. Kawanabe, M. Neo, M. Matsushita, T. Kokubo, et al., Alumina powder/Bis-GMA <strong>composite</strong>: Effect of filler content on mec<strong>ha</strong>nical properties and osteoconductivity. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 2000 ;49(3):319-327