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environmental stimuli that controlit. Differently put, actions (overt behavior) are the
resultofenvironmental factors playinga role in the life ofthe patient/client.
Becausemeaningful actions (behavior) are intrinsically connected with the environ­
ment,the questionnaire must reflect this. However, this is lacking in the LPQ
(HjeIIe & Ziegler 1992:300).
Skinner(1956) liked to quote the Russian physiologistIvan Pavlov who said: "Con­
trol your conditions and you will see order." In terms ofthe LPQ, Skinnerprobably
would say that the environment bringsmeaning, and/or it influences a person to find
meaning/to attach meaning. The absence ofthese influencesin the statements/ques­
tions ofthislogotherapeutic questionnaire certainlyopens the door for criticism from
a behavioristic point ofview. Behavior-environment interactions are not strongly
enough taken into account in the LPQ (HjeIIe & Ziegler 1992:301). :
From a dispositional point ofview, Gordon Allport would point out the lack ofsta­
tements that are dealingwith traits. A person's behavior and thought(including
"meaningful behavior) are determinedby a dynamic organization ofinternal psy­
chophysical systems,which inter alia result in cardinal, central or secondary traits
(HjeIIe & Ziegler 1992:285-286). These traits account for a patients/client's
behavioral consistency over time and across situations. This means that a person's
behavioris veryoften the results ofthe traits present in himlher. This means that
meaningful and/or purposeful behavior are/is very often the result oftraits. This
Allportian belief is not reflected in this questionnaire.
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