Macro-moths of the Algarve - A Rocha
Macro-moths of the Algarve - A Rocha
Macro-moths of the Algarve - A Rocha
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A Photographic Guide to<br />
<strong>Macro</strong>-<strong>moths</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Algarve</strong><br />
BERT VAN DER AUWERMEULEN
Front cover: Aspitates ochrearia; Moth trap (left); Xylocampa areola (middle); Cyclophora puppillaria (right)<br />
© A <strong>Rocha</strong><br />
Contributors: Es<strong>the</strong>r Pawley<br />
Paula Banza<br />
Martin Corley<br />
All photographers listed in Photo credits are gratefully acknowledged.<br />
Editor: Bert Van der Auwermeulen<br />
A photographic guide to <strong>Macro</strong>-<strong>moths</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Algarve</strong><br />
Copyright © 2012 by A <strong>Rocha</strong> Associação Cristã de Estudos e Defesa do Ambiente. This publication may be<br />
printed without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
A <strong>Rocha</strong> was founded in 1983 to put into practice <strong>the</strong> biblical call to care for all creation. A field study centre<br />
and bird observatory was established in south-west Portugal in 1986. Similar projects now exist in o<strong>the</strong>r<br />
countries, coordinated by A <strong>Rocha</strong> International. For more information visit: www.arocha.org<br />
A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal: Marcial Felgueiras<br />
Paula Banza<br />
Isabel Soares<br />
Guillaume Réthoré<br />
Cruzinha, Apt. 41, 8501-903 Mexilhoeira Grande, Portugal.<br />
Tel: + 351 282 968380. Email: Portugal@arocha.org<br />
International Office. <strong>of</strong>fice: A <strong>Rocha</strong> Trust, 3 Hooper Street, Cambridge. CB1 2NZ.<br />
Tel +44 (0) 1387 710286. Email: international@arocha.org<br />
Please contact Cruzinha for details <strong>of</strong> how to receive fur<strong>the</strong>r copies <strong>of</strong> this guide and o<strong>the</strong>r A <strong>Rocha</strong><br />
publications.<br />
This publication should be referenced as:<br />
<strong>Macro</strong>-<strong>moths</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Algarve</strong> – a photographic guide. Associação A <strong>Rocha</strong>, Portimão, Portugal, (2012).
Contents<br />
This publication may be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
3<br />
Introduction ................................................................................................................... 4<br />
Cossidae ....................................................................................................................... 6<br />
Sesiidae ........................................................................................................................ 6<br />
Heterogynidae ............................................................................................................... 7<br />
Limacodidae .................................................................................................................. 7<br />
Zygaenidae ................................................................................................................... 7<br />
Drepanidae ................................................................................................................... 8<br />
Lasiocampidae .............................................................................................................. 8<br />
Saturniidae .................................................................................................................... 9<br />
Sphingidae .................................................................................................................... 9<br />
Geometridae ............................................................................................................... 10<br />
Notodontidae ............................................................................................................... 17<br />
Erebidae ..................................................................................................................... 18<br />
Nolidae ........................................................................................................................ 21<br />
Euteliidae .................................................................................................................... 22<br />
Noctuidae .................................................................................................................... 22<br />
INDEX ......................................................................................................................... 31
Introduction<br />
This publication may be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
4<br />
This photographic guide aims to illustrate 501 macro–moth species currently occurring in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Algarve</strong>,<br />
Portugal (Corley, unpublished), in order to make moth identification more accessible. This work intends to<br />
function as a basis for fur<strong>the</strong>r studies, <strong>the</strong>reby contributing to greater knowledge <strong>of</strong> Portuguese Lepidoptera.<br />
Moth Photographs<br />
This first edition features 520 photographs <strong>of</strong> 492 macro-moth species belonging to <strong>the</strong> Cossidae, Sesiidae,<br />
Heterogynidae, Limacodidae, Zygaenidae, Drepanidae, Lasiocampidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae,<br />
Geometridae, Notodontidae, Erebidae, Euteliidae, Nolidae and Noctuidae families. The taxonomical order<br />
<strong>of</strong> this guide follows <strong>the</strong> online Fauna Europaea.<br />
The majority <strong>of</strong> species are pictured at rest on a natural background. An additional photograph sometimes<br />
illustrates a major variation in colour or pattern within a species, or <strong>the</strong> difference between sexes. When no<br />
satisfactory images <strong>of</strong> this kind were available, individuals were photographed on an artificial background or<br />
taken from collection specimens.<br />
How to use this guide?<br />
This guide is not intended as a complete guide to <strong>the</strong> identification <strong>of</strong> moth species. The photographs are not<br />
to scale, and details regarding size, distinct features, ecology or distribution is missing. However, it aims to<br />
include this information in <strong>the</strong> future. The following websites <strong>of</strong>fer additional information about Lepidoptera.<br />
- www.lepidoptera.pl (European Lepidoptera)<br />
- www.uk<strong>moths</strong>.org.uk (British <strong>moths</strong>)<br />
- www.leps.it (<strong>Macro</strong>-Lepidoptera <strong>of</strong> Europe and North Africa)<br />
- www.lepiforum.de (European Lepidoptera forum)<br />
- www.lepinet.fr (Lepidoptera <strong>of</strong> France)<br />
- http://pathpiva.wifeo.com (Lepidoptera <strong>of</strong> Sou<strong>the</strong>rn France and Corsica)<br />
- www.lusoborbuletas.org (<strong>Macro</strong>-Lepidoptera <strong>of</strong> Portugal, last update 2008)<br />
- www.faunaeur.org (Taxonomic list <strong>of</strong> European fauna)<br />
Many genera (e.g. Idaea, Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia, Eilema, Caradrina...) cannot be identified to species level without <strong>the</strong><br />
use <strong>of</strong> specialised literature. To date <strong>the</strong>re is no comprehensive guide to <strong>the</strong> macro <strong>moths</strong> <strong>of</strong> Portugal or <strong>the</strong><br />
Iberian Peninsula; however, <strong>the</strong> following books <strong>of</strong>fer a good (if expensive) alternative:<br />
- Leraut, P.: Moths <strong>of</strong> Europe (Volume 1, 2, 3 – more volumes to be published)<br />
- Geometrid <strong>moths</strong> <strong>of</strong> Europe (Several authors, Volume 1,2, 4 – more volumes to be published)<br />
- Redondo, V.M. et al.: Geometridae Ibericae<br />
- Lastuvka Z. & A. Lastuvka: Sesiidae <strong>of</strong> Europe<br />
- Noctuidae Europaeae (Several authors, 12 volumes)<br />
- Naumann C.M. et al.: Western Palearctic Zygaenidae<br />
Field guides to macro-<strong>moths</strong> which have a considerable overlap with <strong>the</strong> Portuguese fauna include:<br />
- Robineau, R. et al.: Guide des papillons nocturnes de France<br />
- Manley, C.: British <strong>moths</strong> and butterflies
Observing <strong>moths</strong><br />
This publication may be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
5<br />
It takes relatively little effort to detect a good number <strong>of</strong> <strong>moths</strong> in your own backyard. The easiest way to do so<br />
is by searching for day-active <strong>moths</strong> during daylight hours, or by using a torch in <strong>the</strong> evening and catching<br />
flying individuals with a net. These and o<strong>the</strong>r techniques are fully described on www.butterfly-conservation.org<br />
(see: discover more about <strong>moths</strong>), or in <strong>the</strong> literature referred to earlier.<br />
Using a light trap is by far <strong>the</strong> most efficient technique to observe a large number <strong>of</strong> <strong>moths</strong> at once. The trap<br />
can be lit throughout <strong>the</strong> night and <strong>the</strong>n <strong>moths</strong> can be identified in <strong>the</strong> early morning. The trapping success<br />
depends on <strong>the</strong> wea<strong>the</strong>r, <strong>the</strong> location, <strong>the</strong> trap type, <strong>the</strong> influence <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> moon and artificial light sources, etc...<br />
In <strong>the</strong> <strong>Algarve</strong>, trapping can take place all year round, with <strong>the</strong> highest number <strong>of</strong> <strong>moths</strong> caught in <strong>the</strong> spring<br />
and autumn months.<br />
If you are interested to making a moth trap, www.atropos.info (garden <strong>moths</strong>) <strong>of</strong>fers a good outline plan to<br />
build your own Skinner trap. To illuminate it, you need a 125W mercury vapour light bulb and <strong>the</strong><br />
accompanying light ballast. Both can be bought in a local electric store or purchased online.<br />
By entering your moth records on websites such as www.biodiversity4all.org we can gain better insight into<br />
<strong>the</strong> flight patterns, habitat preferences and range <strong>of</strong> <strong>moths</strong> in <strong>the</strong> <strong>Algarve</strong>. This website is linked to Observado<br />
which records worldwide nature observations.<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
This work has been coordinated by A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal and it would not have been produced without <strong>the</strong><br />
enthusiasm <strong>of</strong> Paula Banza, and <strong>the</strong> hard work <strong>of</strong> many volunteers who assisted in <strong>the</strong> A <strong>Rocha</strong> study centre.<br />
I’m very thankful for <strong>the</strong> kind contributions from all photographers listed in <strong>the</strong> Photo credits. Photographers<br />
are credited using <strong>the</strong>ir initials underneath each photograph.<br />
Grateful thanks to Martin Corley for his valuable data and for checking over <strong>the</strong> images for any identification<br />
errors. I am also indebted to Es<strong>the</strong>r Pawley for editing <strong>the</strong> text, this has been very much appreciated.<br />
It is my hope that this guide can be as complete as possible, <strong>the</strong>refore I urge anyone who is willing to <strong>of</strong>fer<br />
additional information or photographs to please contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal. (borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org)<br />
Bert Van der Auwermeulen<br />
Photo credits ©<br />
AR: A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal<br />
AI: Andres Ivorra (www.almerinatura.com)<br />
AS: Albano Soares<br />
DM: Daniel Morel<br />
DW: Dave Wilton<br />
EM: Eduardo Marabuto (www.lusoborboletas.org)<br />
FP: Franz Pühringer (www.sesiidae.net/sesiidae.htm)<br />
FR: Fernando Romão<br />
IM: Isidro Martínez<br />
JW: Jaroslaw Wenta<br />
LF: Luke Faluke<br />
MD: Mike Dale<br />
MG: Mat<strong>the</strong>w Gandy (www.lepidopteragallery.org)<br />
MiR: Mick Richardson<br />
MoR Monika Reinhardt<br />
MM: Marek Miłkowski<br />
NM: Nick Montegriffo<br />
Pa: Pathpiva (http://pathpiva.wifeo.com)<br />
PP: Pedro Pires (www.lusoborboletas.org)<br />
RP: Raniero Panfili<br />
RW: Robert Woods<br />
TF: Teresa Farino<br />
VJ: Valter Jacinto<br />
YML: Yeray Monasterio León (Asociación Zerynthia)<br />
WS: Walter Schön<br />
WW: Wolfgang Wagner (www.pyrgus.de)
Cossidae<br />
Cossus cossus ©PP<br />
Sesiidae<br />
Tinthia tineiformis ©AR<br />
Synan<strong>the</strong>don <strong>the</strong>ryi ©DM<br />
Bembecia sirphiformis ©DM<br />
Pyropteron hispanica ©VJ<br />
Dyspessa ulula ©VJ<br />
Paranthrene tabaniformis ©EM<br />
Synan<strong>the</strong>don myopaeformis ©MG<br />
Pyropteron chrysidiformis ©AR<br />
Pyropteron leucomelaena ©EM<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
6<br />
Zeuzera pyrina ©PP<br />
Synan<strong>the</strong>don stomoxiformis ©MM<br />
Bembecia ichneumoniformis ©VJ<br />
Pyropteron koschwitzi ©FP<br />
Pyropteron doryliformis ©AR<br />
Synan<strong>the</strong>don codeti ©DM<br />
Bembecia iberica ©NM<br />
Pyropteron muscaeformis ©JW<br />
Chamaesphecia mysiniformis ©DM
Chamaesphecia maurusia ©FP<br />
Heterogynidae<br />
Heterogynis penella ©EM<br />
Zygaenidae<br />
Zygaena sarpedon ©MG<br />
Zygaena rhadamanthus ©EM<br />
Chamaesphecia aerifrons ©VJ<br />
Limacodidae<br />
Hoyosia codeti ©DM<br />
Zygaena hilaris ©Pa<br />
Zygaena lavandulae ©Pa<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
7<br />
Zygaena fausta ©EM<br />
Zygaena trifolii ©PP<br />
Zygaena occitanica ©WW<br />
Aglaope infausta ©MG
Drepanidae<br />
Watsonalla uncinula ©Pa<br />
Te<strong>the</strong>a ocularis ©MG<br />
Lasiocampidae<br />
Malacosoma neustria ©WW<br />
Streblote panda ♀ ©MoR<br />
Phyllodesma kermesifolia ©YML<br />
Cilix hispanica ©MG<br />
Lasiocampa trifolii ©MG<br />
Streblote panda ♂ ©WS<br />
Phyllodesma suberifolia ©PP<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
8<br />
Cilix algirica ©AR<br />
<strong>Macro</strong>thylacia digramma ©PP<br />
Psilogaster loti ♂ ©YML<br />
Phyllodesma suberifolia ©Pa<br />
Thyatira batis ©WW<br />
Trichiura ilicis ©EM<br />
Psilogaster loti ♀ ©VJ
Saturniidae<br />
Saturnia pyri ©PP<br />
Sphingidae<br />
Marumba quercus ©PP<br />
Agrius convolvuli ©DW<br />
Proserpinus proserpina ©PP<br />
Mimas tiliae ©PP<br />
Acherontia atropos ©AR<br />
Hyles livornica ©AR<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
9<br />
Smerinthus ocellata ©PP<br />
Hemaris fuciformis ©MG<br />
Hippotion celerio ©AR<br />
Laothoe populi ©EM<br />
<strong>Macro</strong>glossum stellatarum ©Pa
Geometridae<br />
Myinodes interpunctaria ©TF<br />
Dyscia distinctaria ©VJ<br />
Nychiodes andalusiaria ©EM<br />
Afriberina tenietaria ©AR<br />
Peribatodes ilicaria ©EM<br />
Ekboarmia atlanticaria ©AR<br />
Abraxas pantaria ©PP<br />
Aleucis distinctata ©EM<br />
Menophra abruptaria ©FR<br />
Calamodes occitanaria ©VJ<br />
Selidosema pyrenaearia<br />
Adactylotis gesticularia ©FR<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
10<br />
Aspitates ochrearia ©AR<br />
Lycia hirtaria ©PP<br />
Menophra japygiaria ©PP<br />
Peribatodes rhomboidaria ©PP<br />
Selidosema taeniolaria ©DM<br />
Tephronia sepiaria ©DW<br />
Dyscia penulataria ©AR<br />
Chemerina caliginearia ©Pa<br />
Menophra nyc<strong>the</strong>meraria ©PP<br />
Peribatodes umbraria<br />
Hypomecis punctinalis ©AR<br />
Tephronia codetaria ©DM
Cabera pusaria ©MG<br />
Gerinia honoraria ©PP<br />
Selenia lunularia ©PP<br />
Gnophos perspersata ©AR<br />
Crocallis dardoinaria ©EM<br />
Petrophora chlorosata ©AR<br />
Cabera exan<strong>the</strong>mata ©MG<br />
Ennomos alniaria ©EM<br />
Opisthograptis luteolata ©PP<br />
Charissa obscurata ©WW<br />
Crocallis auberti ©VJ<br />
Petrophora convergata ©VJ<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
11<br />
Stegania trimaculata ©AR<br />
Ennomos fuscantaria ©Pa<br />
Pseudopan<strong>the</strong>ra macularia ©PP<br />
Charissa mucidaria ©PP<br />
Pachycnemia hippocastanaria ©PP<br />
Petrophora narbonea ©MG<br />
Stegania trimaculata ©AR<br />
Ennomos quercaria ©DM<br />
Toulgoetia cauteriata ©EM<br />
Crocallis tusciaria ©PP<br />
Pachycnemia tibiaria ©DM<br />
Chiasmia clathrata ©Pa
Chiasmia aestimaria ©DM<br />
Isturgia pulinda ©AR<br />
Rhoptria asperaria ©AR<br />
Xenochlorodes olympiaria ©Pa<br />
Aplasta ononaria ©AR<br />
Aplocera efformata ©PP<br />
Isturgia famula ©EM<br />
Acanthovalva inconspicuaria ©EM<br />
Onychora agaritharia ©EM<br />
Phaiogramma etruscaria ©EM<br />
Pseudoterpna coronillaria ©PP<br />
Chesias legatella ©MG<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
12<br />
Isturgia miniosaria ©EM<br />
Itame vincularia ©AR<br />
Compsoptera opacaria ©PP<br />
Phaiogramma faustinata ©EM<br />
Bustilloxia saturata ©FR<br />
Chesias rufata ©AR<br />
Isturgia miniosaria ©EM<br />
Gnopharmia stevenaria ©AR<br />
Hemistola chrysoprasaria ©Pa<br />
Microloxia herbaria ©PP<br />
Amygdaloptera testaria ©EM<br />
Chesias isabella ©VJ
Nebula ibericata ©MG<br />
Epirrhoe sandosaria<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia irriguata ©AR<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia gratiosata ©EM<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia cocciferata ©Pa<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia oxycedrata ©EM<br />
Chloroclysta siterata ©EM<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia pulchellata ©PP<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia extremata ©Pa<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia breviculata ©PP<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia massiliata ©Pa<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia ultimaria ©EM<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
13<br />
Thera cupressata ©EM<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia laquaearia ©EM<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia venosata ©AR<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia innotata ©MG<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia phoeniceata ©Pa<br />
Gymnoscelis rufifasciata ©VJ<br />
Colostygia multistrigaria ©EM<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia liguriata ©DM<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia centaureata ©MG<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia dodoneata ©AR<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia scopariata ©PP<br />
Lythria sanguinaria ©VJ
Larentia malvata ©AR<br />
Acasis viretata ©Pa<br />
Xanthorhoe ferrugata ©PP<br />
Camptogramma bilineata ©AR<br />
Idaea litigiosaria ©Pa<br />
Idaea consanguiberica ©IM<br />
Larentia malvata ©VJ<br />
Scotopteryx peribolata ©PP<br />
Xanthorhoe fluctuata ©PP<br />
Cyclophora puppillaria ©AR<br />
Idaea sardoniata ©VJ<br />
Idaea antiquaria ©IM<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
14<br />
Horisme scorteata ©MD<br />
Nycterosea obstipata ♂ ©AR<br />
Catarhoe basochesiata ©EM<br />
Cyclophora puppillaria ©AR<br />
Idaea lusohispanica ©MG<br />
Idaea ochrata ©EM<br />
Hospitalia flavolineata ©VJ<br />
Nycterosea obstipata ♀ ©AR<br />
Costaconvexa polygrammata ©AR<br />
Cyclophora hyponoea ©AR<br />
Idaea mediaria ©MG<br />
Idaea mustelata ©MG
Idaea efflorata ©DM<br />
Idaea calunetaria ©AR<br />
Idaea obsoletaria ©Pa<br />
Idaea fuscovenosa ©MG<br />
Idaea joannisiata ©LF<br />
Idaea dimidiata ©MG<br />
Idaea alyssumata ©MG<br />
Idaea belemiata ©PP<br />
Idaea biselata ©Pa<br />
Idaea lutulentaria ©EM<br />
Idaea minuscularia ©AR<br />
Idaea fractilineata ©MG<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
15<br />
Idaea circuitaria ©PP<br />
Idaea belemiata ©PP<br />
Idaea inquinata ©MG<br />
Idaea bigladiata ©AI<br />
Idaea carvalhoi ©MG<br />
Idaea subsericeata ©PP<br />
Idaea incisaria ©DW<br />
Idaea elongaria ©MG<br />
Idaea blaesii ©AR<br />
Idaea longaria ©EM<br />
Idaea subsaturata ©Pa<br />
Idaea cervantaria ©VJ
Idaea infirmaria ©VJ<br />
Idaea predotaria ©DM<br />
Idaea degeneraria ©AR<br />
Brachyglossina hispanaria ©AR<br />
Scopula ornata ©WW<br />
Scopula turbidaria ©VJ<br />
Idaea infirmaria ©MG<br />
Idaea exilaria ©DM<br />
Idaea straminata ©MG<br />
Rhodostrophia calabra ©EM<br />
Scopula submutata ©PP<br />
Scopula decolor<br />
Photographs are not to scale.<br />
This publication can be reproduced without permission <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> authors, all copies<br />
distributed must be provided free <strong>of</strong> charge.<br />
Contact A <strong>Rocha</strong> Portugal for more information borboletas.noturnas@arocha.org<br />
16<br />
Idaea eugeniata ©AR<br />
Idaea ostrinaria ©MG<br />
Cleta ramosaria ♂ ©AR<br />
Rhodometra sacraria ©EM<br />
Scopula decorata ©EM<br />
Scopula marginepunctata ©AR<br />
Idaea eugeniata ©AR<br />
Idaea aversata ©PP<br />
Cleta ramosaria ♀ ©EM<br />
Rhodometra sacraria ©MG<br />
Scopula rubiginata ©Pa<br />
Scopula imitaria ©PP
Scopula emutaria ©PP<br />
Timandra comae ©PP<br />
Notodontidae<br />
Thaumetopoea pityocampa ©PP<br />
Pterostoma palpina ©EM<br />
Peridea anceps ©PP<br />
Scopula minorata ©AR<br />
Thaumetopoea herculeana ©FR<br />
Cerura iberica ©PP<br />
Harpyia milhauseri ©FR<br />
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Scopula rufomixtaria ©MG<br />
Notodonta ziczac ©PP<br />
Furcula bifida ©PP<br />
Scopula asellaria ©EM<br />
Drymonia querna ©PP<br />
Phalera bucephala ©PP
Erebidae<br />
Lymantria dispar ♂ ©PP<br />
Orgyia antiqua ♂ ©PP<br />
Paidia rica ©PP<br />
Lithosia quadra ©AR<br />
Eilema uniola ©PP<br />
Cymbalophora pudica ©PP<br />
Lymantria dispar ♀ ©WW<br />
Orgyia trigotephras ©Pa<br />
Apaidia mesogona ©EM<br />
Eilema caniola ©PP<br />
Eilema rungsi<br />
Spilosoma lutea ©PP<br />
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18<br />
Ocneria atlantica ©AR<br />
Euproctis chrysorrhoea ©MG<br />
Miltochrista miniata ©EM<br />
Eilema marcida ©AR<br />
Eilema bipuncta<br />
Diaphora mendica ♂ ©MG<br />
Ocneria rubea ©PP<br />
Euproctis similis ©DM<br />
Lithosia quadra ©PP<br />
Eilema predotae ©AR<br />
Phragmatobia fuliginosa ©AR<br />
Diaphora mendica ♀ ©AR
Arctia villica ©PP<br />
Ute<strong>the</strong>isa pulchella ©AR<br />
Hypena lividalis ©Pa<br />
Parascotia nisseni ©PP<br />
Eublemma candidana ©Pa<br />
Euplagia quadripunctaria ©AS<br />
Nodaria nodosalis ©NM<br />
Zebeeba falsalis ©MG<br />
Odice pergrata ©PP<br />
Eublemma cochylioides ©NM<br />
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19<br />
Tyria jacobaeae ©Pa<br />
Pechipogo plumigeralis ©DW<br />
Scoliopteryx libatrix ©PP<br />
Odice pergrata ©VJ<br />
Eublemma ostrina ©AR<br />
Coscinia cribraria ©AR<br />
Hypena obsitalis ©AS<br />
Schrankia costaestrigalis ©AR<br />
Odice jucunda ©EM<br />
Eublemma cochylioides<br />
Eublemma ostrina<br />
Eublemma ostrina ©NM<br />
Eublemma parva ©PP Eublemma pura ©NM Eublemma polygramma ©Pa Eublemma scitula ©EM
Rhypagla lacernaria ©Pa<br />
Tathorhynchus exsiccata ©AR<br />
Ze<strong>the</strong>s insularis ©EM<br />
Minucia lunaris ©EM<br />
Dysgonia torrida ©VJ<br />
Catocala optata ©EM<br />
Metachrostis velox ©EM<br />
Drasteria cailino ©PP<br />
Pandesma robusta ©EM<br />
Clytie illunaris ©AR<br />
Catocala dilecta ©AR<br />
Catocala promissa ©MG<br />
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Phytometra viridaria ©FR<br />
Euclidia glyphica ©EM<br />
Cerocala scapulosa ©EM<br />
Grammodes bifasciata ©EM<br />
Catocala dilecta ©Pa<br />
Catocala coniuncta ©PP<br />
Lygephila craccae ©AR<br />
Catephia alchymista ©EM<br />
Ophiusa tirhaca ©Pa<br />
Dysgonia algira ©Pa<br />
Catocala elocata ©AR<br />
Catocala conversa ©PP
Catocala nymphagoga ©MG<br />
Nolidae<br />
Meganola togatulalis ©PP<br />
Nola cicatricalis ©Pa<br />
Nola chlamitulalis ©PP<br />
Nycteola siculana ©Pa<br />
Catocala nymphaea ©EM<br />
Meganola strigula ©PP<br />
Nola squalida ©AR<br />
Bena bicolorana ©PP<br />
Earias insulana ©MG<br />
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Catocala mariana ©AR<br />
Meganola albula ©PP<br />
Nola squalida ©NM<br />
Pseudoips prasinana ©EM<br />
Nola tutulella ©NM<br />
Nola subchlamydula ©Pa<br />
Nycteola columbana ©NM
Euteliidae<br />
Eutelia adulatrix ©DW<br />
Noctuidae<br />
Abrostola triplasia ©AR<br />
Ctenoplusia accentifera ©AR<br />
Autographa gamma ©PP<br />
Aedia leucomelas ©MG<br />
Trichoplusia ni ©MG<br />
Ctenoplusia limbirena ©MD<br />
Pseudozarba bipartita ©NM<br />
Colocasia coryli ©MG<br />
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22<br />
Thysanoplusia orichalcea ©EM<br />
Chrysodeixis chalcites ©EM<br />
Acontia lucida ©VJ<br />
Raphia hybris ©PP<br />
Thysanoplusia daubei ©DM<br />
Diachrysia chrysitis ©MG<br />
Acontia trabealis ©AR<br />
Acronicta psi ©EM
Acronicta aceris ©MG<br />
Acronicta rumicis ©AR<br />
Tyta luctuosa ©MG<br />
Cucullia scrophulariphila ©EM<br />
Allophyes alfaroi ©MG<br />
Cleonymia baetica ©EM<br />
Acronicta leporina ©PP<br />
Craniophora pontica ©Pa<br />
Cucullia calendulae ©DM<br />
Cucullia verbasci ©AR<br />
Calophasia platyptera ©WS<br />
Cleonymia diffluens ©EM<br />
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23<br />
Acronicta auricoma ©Pa<br />
Aegle vespertinalis ©IM<br />
Cucullia chamomillae ©MG<br />
Amphipyra effusa ©Pa<br />
Omphalophana serrata ©AR<br />
Cleonymia yvanii ©Pa<br />
Acronicta euphorbiae ©PP<br />
Synthimia fixa ©AR<br />
Cucullia caninae ©DM<br />
Bryonycta pineti ©PP<br />
Lophoterges millierei ©EM<br />
Amephana aurita ©Pa
Recoropha canteneri ©VJ<br />
Condica viscosa ©NM<br />
Helicoverpa armigera ©PP<br />
Cryphia algae ©MG<br />
Bryophila petrea ©AR<br />
Spodoptera cilium ©EM<br />
Metopoceras felicina ©Pa<br />
Heliothis peltigera ©AR<br />
Callopistria juventina ©EM<br />
Cryphia algae ©DW<br />
Bryophila microglossa ©MD<br />
Spodoptera littoralis ©EM<br />
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24<br />
Xylocampa areola ©AR<br />
Heliothis nubigera ©AR<br />
Callopistria latreillei ©EM<br />
Bryophila ravula ©Pa<br />
Nyctobrya muralis ©EM<br />
Caradrina aspersa ©EM<br />
Stilbia andalusiaca ©MiR<br />
Heliothis incarnata ©EM<br />
Cryphia pallida ©Pa<br />
Bryophila vandalusiae ©DM<br />
Spodoptera exigua ©AR<br />
Caradrina proxima ©EM
Caradrina germainii ©AR<br />
Hoplodrina hesperica ©Pa<br />
Mormo maura ©PP<br />
Phlogophora meticulosa ©PP<br />
Gortyna borelii ©DM<br />
Rhizedra lutosa ©WW<br />
Caradrina clavipalpis ©MG<br />
Hoplodrina ambigua ©PP<br />
Polyphaenis sericata ©FR<br />
Pseudenargia ulicis ©AR<br />
Luperina testacea ©MG<br />
Nonagria typhae ©EM<br />
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25<br />
Caradrina noctivaga ©Pa<br />
Chilodes maritima ©PP<br />
Thalpophila vitalba ©FR<br />
Gortyna xan<strong>the</strong>nes ©DM<br />
Luperina nickerlii ©EM<br />
Coenobia rufa ©PP<br />
Caradrina flavirena ©FR<br />
A<strong>the</strong>tis hospes ©DM<br />
Chloantha hyperici ©EM<br />
Gortyna puengeleri<br />
Luperina dumerilii ©VJ<br />
Oria musculosa ©VS
Unchelea myodea<br />
Mesoligia furuncula ©PP<br />
Eremopola orana ©AR<br />
Agrochola haematidea ©PP<br />
Spudaea ruticilla ©EM<br />
Atethmia algirica ©AR<br />
Denticucullus mabillei ©AR<br />
Sesamia nonagrioides ©DW<br />
Agrochola lychnidis ©EM<br />
Omphaloscelis lunosa ©AR<br />
Lithophane semibrunnea ©Pa<br />
Dryobota labecula ©VJ<br />
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Apamea arabs ©EM<br />
Episema grueneri ©EM<br />
Agrochola helvola ©PP<br />
Conistra staudingeri ©PP<br />
Lithophane leautieri ©DM<br />
Dryobotodes monochroma ©Pa<br />
Mesapamea secalis ©AR<br />
Leucochlaena oditis ©VJ<br />
Agrochola blidaensis ©PP<br />
Spudaea ruticilla ©AR<br />
Xylena exsoleta ©Pa<br />
Dryobotodes roboris ©VJ
Dryobotodes tenebrosa ©VJ<br />
Aporophyla lueneburgensis ©EM<br />
Polymixis lichenea ©PP<br />
Orthosia gothica ©EM<br />
Anarta pugnax ©Pa<br />
Lacanobia oleracea ©Pa<br />
Ammopolia witzenmanni ©EM<br />
Aporophyla nigra ©VJ<br />
Polymixis dubia ©PP<br />
Orthosia cruda ©Pa<br />
Anarta sodae ©EM<br />
Mamestra brassicae ©WW<br />
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Trigonophora flammea ©EM<br />
Polymixis xanthomista ©PP<br />
Mniotype occidentalis ©VJ<br />
Orthosia cerasi ©PP<br />
Anarta myrtilli ©PP<br />
Conisania andalusica ©EM<br />
Aporophyla chioleuca ©EM<br />
Polymixis argillaceago ©EM<br />
Orthosia incerta ©Pa<br />
Anarta trifolii ©VJ<br />
Cardepia sociabilis ©Pa<br />
Hecatera dysodea ©Pa
Hecatera weissi ©MG<br />
Hadena albimacula ©Pa<br />
Mythimna ferrago ©AR<br />
Mythimna sicula ©AR<br />
Mythimna riparia ©Pa<br />
Leucania joannisi ♂ ©Pa<br />
Hadena bicruris ©Pa<br />
Hadena perplexa ©EM<br />
Mythimna albipuncta ©EM<br />
Mythimna prominens ©RP<br />
Leucania zeae ©Pa<br />
Leucania joannisi ♀ ©WW<br />
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Hadena magnolii ©EM<br />
Hadena sancta ©EM<br />
Mythimna litoralis ©EM<br />
Mythimna unipuncta ©PP<br />
Leucania punctosa ©Pa<br />
Leucania loreyi ©PP<br />
Hadena confusa ©AR<br />
Mythimna vitellina ©AR<br />
Mythimna l-album ©Pa<br />
Mythimna languida ©DW<br />
Leucania putrescens ©Pa<br />
Peridroma saucia ©DW
Eucoptocnemis optabilis ©VJ<br />
Agrotis bigramma ©PP<br />
Agrotis alexandriensis ©EM<br />
Agrotis trux ©EM<br />
Agrotis sabulosa ©AR<br />
Ochropleura plecta ©MG<br />
Euxoa temera ©Pa<br />
Agrotis catalaunensis ©EM<br />
Agrotis herzogi ©AR<br />
Agrotis exclamationis ©MG<br />
Agrotis graslini<br />
Ochropleura leucogaster ©AR<br />
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Euxoa oranaria ©AR<br />
Agrotis puta ♂ ©PP<br />
Agrotis ipsilon ©MG<br />
Agrotis segetum ©AR<br />
Agrotis boetica ©AR<br />
Lycophotia erythrina ©PP<br />
Agrotis lata ©EM<br />
Agrotis puta ♀ ©Pa<br />
Agrotis ipsilon ©AR<br />
Agrotis spinifera ©EM<br />
Cerastis faceta ©EM<br />
Lycophotia molothina ©PP
Paradiarsia glareosa ©EM<br />
Noctua comes ©AR<br />
Noctua jan<strong>the</strong> ©AR<br />
Xestia c-nigrum ©PP<br />
Noctua pronuba ©PP<br />
Noctua fimbriata ©EM<br />
Xestia xanthographa ©PP<br />
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Noctua pronuba ©AR<br />
Noctua fimbriata ©AR<br />
Xestia kermesina ©PP<br />
Noctua comes ©Pa<br />
Noctua jan<strong>the</strong> ©Pa<br />
Xestia agathina ©PP
INDEX<br />
A<br />
Abraxas pantaria ............................. 10<br />
Abrostola triplasia ............................ 22<br />
Acanthovalva inconspicuaria ........... 12<br />
Acasis viretata ................................. 14<br />
Acherontia atropos ............................ 9<br />
Acontia<br />
lucida .......................................... 22<br />
trabealis ...................................... 22<br />
Acronicta<br />
aceris .......................................... 23<br />
auricoma ..................................... 23<br />
euphorbiae ................................. 23<br />
leporina....................................... 23<br />
psi 22<br />
rumicis ........................................ 23<br />
Adactylotis gesticularia .................... 10<br />
Aedia leucomelas ............................ 22<br />
Aegle vespertinalis .......................... 23<br />
Afriberina tenietaria ......................... 10<br />
Aglaope infausta ................................ 7<br />
Agrius convolvuli................................ 9<br />
Agrochola<br />
blidaensis ................................... 26<br />
haematidea ................................. 26<br />
helvola ........................................ 26<br />
lychnidis...................................... 26<br />
Agrotis<br />
alexandriensis ............................. 29<br />
bigramma ................................... 29<br />
boetica ........................................ 29<br />
catalaunensis.............................. 29<br />
exclamationis .............................. 29<br />
graslini ........................................ 29<br />
herzogi ....................................... 29<br />
ipsilon ......................................... 29<br />
lata ............................................. 29<br />
puta ............................................ 29<br />
sabulosa ..................................... 29<br />
segetum...................................... 29<br />
spinifera ...................................... 29<br />
trux ............................................. 29<br />
Aleucis distinctata ............................ 10<br />
Allophyes alfaroi .............................. 23<br />
Amephana aurita ............................. 23<br />
Ammopolia witzenmanni .................. 27<br />
Amphipyra effusa............................. 23<br />
Amygdaloptera testaria .................... 12<br />
Anarta<br />
myrtilli ......................................... 27<br />
pugnax ....................................... 27<br />
sodae ......................................... 27<br />
trifolii ........................................... 27<br />
Apaidia mesogona ........................... 18<br />
Apamea arabs ................................. 26<br />
Aplasta ononaria.............................. 12<br />
Aplocera efformata .......................... 12<br />
Aporophyla<br />
chioleuca .................................... 27<br />
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31<br />
lueneburgensis ........................... 27<br />
nigra ........................................... 27<br />
Arctia villica ..................................... 19<br />
Aspitates ochrearia ......................... 10<br />
Atethmia algirica ............................. 26<br />
A<strong>the</strong>tis hospes ................................ 25<br />
Autographa gamma ......................... 22<br />
B<br />
Bembecia<br />
iberica .......................................... 6<br />
ichneumoniformis ......................... 6<br />
sirphiformis ................................... 6<br />
Bena bicolorana .............................. 21<br />
Brachyglossina hispanaria .............. 16<br />
Bryonycta pineti .............................. 23<br />
Bryophila<br />
microglossa ................................ 24<br />
petrea ......................................... 24<br />
ravula ......................................... 24<br />
vandalusiae ................................ 24<br />
Bustilloxia saturata .......................... 12<br />
C<br />
Cabera<br />
exan<strong>the</strong>mata .............................. 11<br />
pusaria ....................................... 11<br />
Calamodes occitanaria .................... 10<br />
Callopistria<br />
juventina..................................... 24<br />
latreillei ....................................... 24<br />
Calophasia platyptera ..................... 23<br />
Camptogramma bilineata ................ 14<br />
Caradrina<br />
aspersa ...................................... 24<br />
clavipalpis .................................. 25<br />
flavirena ..................................... 25<br />
germainii .................................... 25<br />
noctivaga .................................... 25<br />
proxima ...................................... 24<br />
Cardepia sociabilis .......................... 27<br />
Catarhoe basochesiata ................... 14<br />
Catephia alchymista ........................ 20<br />
Catocala<br />
coniuncta .................................... 20<br />
conversa .................................... 20<br />
dilecta ........................................ 20<br />
elocata ....................................... 20<br />
mariana ...................................... 21<br />
nymphaea .................................. 21<br />
nymphagoga .............................. 21<br />
optata ......................................... 20<br />
promissa .................................... 20<br />
Cerastis faceta ................................ 29<br />
Cerocala scapulosa ......................... 20<br />
Cerura iberica ................................. 17<br />
Chamaesphecia<br />
aerifrons ....................................... 7<br />
maurusia .......................................7<br />
mysiniformis ..................................6<br />
Charissa<br />
mucidaria .................................... 11<br />
obscurata .................................... 11<br />
Chemerina caliginearia .................... 10<br />
Chesias<br />
isabella ....................................... 12<br />
legatella ...................................... 12<br />
rufata .......................................... 12<br />
Chiasmia<br />
aestimaria ................................... 12<br />
clathrata ...................................... 11<br />
Chilodes maritima ............................ 25<br />
Chloantha hyperici ........................... 25<br />
Chloroclysta siterata ........................ 13<br />
Chrysodeixis chalcites ..................... 22<br />
Cilix<br />
algirica ..........................................8<br />
hispanica ......................................8<br />
Cleonymia<br />
baetica ........................................ 23<br />
diffluens ...................................... 23<br />
yvanii .......................................... 23<br />
Cleta ramosaria ............................... 16<br />
Clytie illunaris .................................. 20<br />
Coenobia rufa .................................. 25<br />
Colocasia coryli ............................... 22<br />
Colostygia multistrigaria ................... 13<br />
Compsoptera opacaria ..................... 12<br />
Condica viscosa............................... 24<br />
Conisania andalusica ....................... 27<br />
Conistra staudingeri ......................... 26<br />
Coscinia cribraria ............................. 19<br />
Cossidae ..........................................6<br />
Cossus cossus ..................................6<br />
Costaconvexa polygrammata ........... 14<br />
Craniophora pontica ........................ 23<br />
Crocallis<br />
auberti ........................................ 11<br />
dardoinaria .................................. 11<br />
tusciaria ...................................... 11<br />
Cryphia<br />
algae ........................................... 24<br />
pallida ......................................... 24<br />
Ctenoplusia<br />
accentifera .................................. 22<br />
limbirena ..................................... 22<br />
Cucullia<br />
calendulae .................................. 23<br />
caninae ....................................... 23<br />
chamomillae................................ 23<br />
scrophulariphila ........................... 23<br />
verbasci ...................................... 23<br />
Cyclophora<br />
hyponoea .................................... 14<br />
puppillaria ................................... 14<br />
Cymbalophora pudica ...................... 18
D<br />
Denticucullus mabillei ...................... 26<br />
Diachrysia chrysitis .......................... 22<br />
Diaphora mendica ........................... 18<br />
Drasteria cailino ............................... 20<br />
Drepanidae ....................................... 8<br />
Drymonia querna ............................. 17<br />
Dryobota labecula ............................ 26<br />
Dryobotodes<br />
monochroma............................... 26<br />
roboris ........................................ 26<br />
tenebrosa ................................... 27<br />
Dyscia<br />
distinctaria .................................. 10<br />
penulataria .................................. 10<br />
Dysgonia<br />
algira .......................................... 20<br />
torrida ......................................... 20<br />
Dyspessa ulula .................................. 6<br />
E<br />
Earias insulana ................................ 21<br />
Eilema<br />
bipuncta ...................................... 18<br />
caniola ........................................ 18<br />
marcida....................................... 18<br />
predotae ..................................... 18<br />
rungsi ......................................... 18<br />
uniola .......................................... 18<br />
Ekboarmia atlanticaria ..................... 10<br />
Ennomos<br />
alniaria ........................................ 11<br />
fuscantaria .................................. 11<br />
quercaria .................................... 11<br />
Epirrhoe sandosaria ........................ 13<br />
Episema grueneri ............................ 26<br />
Erebidae ......................................... 18<br />
Eremopola orana ............................. 26<br />
Eublemma<br />
candidana ................................... 19<br />
cochylioides ................................ 19<br />
ostrina ........................................ 19<br />
parva .......................................... 19<br />
polygramma ................................ 19<br />
pura ............................................ 19<br />
scitula ......................................... 19<br />
Euclidia glyphica .............................. 20<br />
Eucoptocnemis optabilis .................. 29<br />
Eupi<strong>the</strong>cia<br />
breviculata .................................. 13<br />
centaureata ................................ 13<br />
cocciferata .................................. 13<br />
dodoneata .................................. 13<br />
extremata ................................... 13<br />
gratiosata .................................... 13<br />
innotata....................................... 13<br />
irriguata ...................................... 13<br />
laquaearia ................................... 13<br />
liguriata ....................................... 13<br />
massiliata ................................... 13<br />
oxycedrata .................................. 13<br />
phoeniceata ................................ 13<br />
pulchellata .................................. 13<br />
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32<br />
scopariata .................................. 13<br />
ultimaria ..................................... 13<br />
venosata .................................... 13<br />
Euplagia quadripunctaria ................. 19<br />
Euproctis<br />
chrysorrhoea .............................. 18<br />
similis ......................................... 18<br />
Eutelia adulatrix .............................. 22<br />
Euteliidae ....................................... 22<br />
Euxoa<br />
oranaria ...................................... 29<br />
temera ........................................ 29<br />
F<br />
Furcula bifida .................................. 17<br />
G<br />
Geometridae .................................. 10<br />
Gerinia honoraria ............................ 11<br />
Gnopharmia stevenaria ................... 12<br />
Gnophos perspersata ...................... 11<br />
Gortyna<br />
borelii ......................................... 25<br />
puengeleri .................................. 25<br />
xan<strong>the</strong>nes .................................. 25<br />
Grammodes bifasciata .................... 20<br />
Gymnoscelis rufifasciata ................. 13<br />
H<br />
Hadena<br />
albimacula .................................. 28<br />
bicruris ....................................... 28<br />
confusa ...................................... 28<br />
magnolii...................................... 28<br />
perplexa ..................................... 28<br />
sancta ........................................ 28<br />
Harpyia milhauseri .......................... 17<br />
Hecatera<br />
dysodea ..................................... 27<br />
weissi ......................................... 28<br />
Helicoverpa armigera ...................... 24<br />
Heliothis<br />
incarnata .................................... 24<br />
nubigera ..................................... 24<br />
peltigera ..................................... 24<br />
Hemaris fuciformis ............................ 9<br />
Hemistola chrysoprasaria ................ 12<br />
Heterogynidae ................................. 7<br />
Heterogynis penella .......................... 7<br />
Hippotion celerio ............................... 9<br />
Hoplodrina<br />
ambigua ..................................... 25<br />
hesperica ................................... 25<br />
Horisme scorteata ........................... 14<br />
Hospitalia flavolineata ..................... 14<br />
Hoyosia codeti .................................. 7<br />
Hyles livornica ................................... 9<br />
Hypena<br />
lividalis ....................................... 19<br />
obsitalis ...................................... 19<br />
Hypomecis punctinalis..................... 10<br />
I<br />
Idaea<br />
alyssumata ................................. 15<br />
antiquaria .................................... 14<br />
aversata ...................................... 16<br />
belemiata .................................... 15<br />
bigladiata .................................... 15<br />
biselata ....................................... 15<br />
blaesii ......................................... 15<br />
calunetaria .................................. 15<br />
carvalhoi ..................................... 15<br />
cervantaria .................................. 15<br />
circuitaria .................................... 15<br />
consanguiberica .......................... 14<br />
degeneraria ................................ 16<br />
dimidiata ..................................... 15<br />
efflorata....................................... 15<br />
elongaria ..................................... 15<br />
eugeniata .................................... 16<br />
exilaria ........................................ 16<br />
fractilineata ................................. 15<br />
fuscovenosa................................ 15<br />
incisaria ...................................... 15<br />
infirmaria ..................................... 16<br />
inquinata ..................................... 15<br />
joannisiata .................................. 15<br />
litigiosaria .................................... 14<br />
longaria ....................................... 15<br />
lusohispanica .............................. 14<br />
lutulentaria .................................. 15<br />
mediaria ...................................... 14<br />
minuscularia................................ 15<br />
mustelata .................................... 14<br />
obsoletaria .................................. 15<br />
ochrata........................................ 14<br />
ostrinaria ..................................... 16<br />
predotaria ................................... 16<br />
sardoniata ................................... 14<br />
straminata ................................... 16<br />
subsaturata ................................. 15<br />
subsericeata ............................... 15<br />
Isturgia<br />
famula ......................................... 12<br />
miniosaria ................................... 12<br />
pulinda ........................................ 12<br />
Itame vincularia ............................... 12<br />
L<br />
Lacanobia oleracea ......................... 27<br />
Laothoe populi ...................................9<br />
Larentia malvata .............................. 14<br />
Lasiocampa trifolii ..............................8<br />
Lasiocampidae .................................8<br />
Leucania<br />
joannisi ....................................... 28<br />
loreyi ........................................... 28<br />
punctosa ..................................... 28<br />
putrescens .................................. 28<br />
zeae ............................................ 28<br />
Leucochlaena oditis ......................... 26<br />
Limacodidae .....................................7<br />
Lithophane<br />
leautieri ....................................... 26
semibrunnea ............................... 26<br />
Lithosia quadra ................................ 18<br />
Lophoterges millierei ....................... 23<br />
Luperina<br />
dumerilii ...................................... 25<br />
nickerlii ....................................... 25<br />
testacea ...................................... 25<br />
Lycia hirtaria .................................... 10<br />
Lycophotia<br />
erythrina ..................................... 29<br />
molothina .................................... 29<br />
Lygephila craccae ............................ 20<br />
Lymantria dispar .............................. 18<br />
Lythria sanguinaria .......................... 13<br />
M<br />
<strong>Macro</strong>glossum stellatarum ................. 9<br />
<strong>Macro</strong>thylacia digramma .................... 8<br />
Malacosoma neustria ........................ 8<br />
Mamestra brassicae ........................ 27<br />
Marumba quercus .............................. 9<br />
Meganola<br />
albula .......................................... 21<br />
strigula ........................................ 21<br />
togatulalis ................................... 21<br />
Menophra<br />
abruptaria ................................... 10<br />
japygiaria .................................... 10<br />
nyc<strong>the</strong>meraria ............................. 10<br />
Mesapamea secalis ......................... 26<br />
Mesoligia furuncula .......................... 26<br />
Metachrostis velox ........................... 20<br />
Metopoceras felicina ........................ 24<br />
Microloxia herbaria .......................... 12<br />
Miltochrista miniata .......................... 18<br />
Mimas tiliae ....................................... 9<br />
Minucia lunaris ................................ 20<br />
Mniotype occidentalis ...................... 27<br />
Mormo maura .................................. 25<br />
Myinodes interpunctaria ................... 10<br />
Mythimna<br />
albipuncta ................................... 28<br />
ferrago ........................................ 28<br />
l-album ....................................... 28<br />
languida ...................................... 28<br />
litoralis ........................................ 28<br />
prominens ................................... 28<br />
riparia ......................................... 28<br />
sicula .......................................... 28<br />
unipuncta .................................... 28<br />
vitellina ....................................... 28<br />
N<br />
Nebula ibericata .............................. 13<br />
Noctua<br />
comes ......................................... 30<br />
fimbriata...................................... 30<br />
jan<strong>the</strong> ......................................... 30<br />
pronuba ...................................... 30<br />
Noctuidae ....................................... 22<br />
Nodaria nodosalis ............................ 19<br />
Nola<br />
chlamitulalis ................................ 21<br />
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33<br />
cicatricalis .................................. 21<br />
squalida...................................... 21<br />
subchlamydula ........................... 21<br />
tutulella ...................................... 21<br />
Nolidae ........................................... 21<br />
Nonagria typhae .............................. 25<br />
Notodonta ziczac............................. 17<br />
Notodontidae ................................. 17<br />
Nychiodes andalusiaria ................... 10<br />
Nycteola<br />
columbana ................................. 21<br />
siculana ...................................... 21<br />
Nycterosea obstipata ...................... 14<br />
Nyctobrya muralis ........................... 24<br />
O<br />
Ochropleura<br />
leucogaster ................................ 29<br />
plecta ......................................... 29<br />
Ocneria<br />
atlantica...................................... 18<br />
rubea .......................................... 18<br />
Odice<br />
jucunda ...................................... 19<br />
pergrata...................................... 19<br />
Omphalophana serrata.................... 23<br />
Omphaloscelis lunosa ..................... 26<br />
Onychora agaritharia ....................... 12<br />
Ophiusa tirhaca ............................... 20<br />
Opisthograptis luteolata ................... 11<br />
Orgyia<br />
antiqua ....................................... 18<br />
trigotephras ................................ 18<br />
Oria musculosa ............................... 25<br />
Orthosia<br />
cerasi ......................................... 27<br />
cruda .......................................... 27<br />
gothica ....................................... 27<br />
incerta ........................................ 27<br />
P<br />
Pachycnemia<br />
hippocastanaria .......................... 11<br />
tibiaria ........................................ 11<br />
Paidia rica ....................................... 18<br />
Pandesma robusta .......................... 20<br />
Paradiarsia glareosa ....................... 30<br />
Paranthrene tabaniformis .................. 6<br />
Parascotia nisseni ........................... 19<br />
Pechipogo plumigeralis ................... 19<br />
Peribatodes<br />
ilicaria ......................................... 10<br />
rhomboidaria .............................. 10<br />
umbraria ..................................... 10<br />
Peridea anceps ............................... 17<br />
Peridroma saucia ............................ 28<br />
Petrophora<br />
chlorosata .................................. 11<br />
convergata ................................. 11<br />
narbonea .................................... 11<br />
Phaiogramma<br />
etruscaria ................................... 12<br />
faustinata ................................... 12<br />
Phalera bucephala ........................... 17<br />
Phlogophora meticulosa .................. 25<br />
Phragmatobia fuliginosa .................. 18<br />
Phyllodesma<br />
kermesifolia ..................................8<br />
suberifolia .....................................8<br />
Phytometra viridaria ......................... 20<br />
Polymixis<br />
argillaceago ................................ 27<br />
dubia ........................................... 27<br />
lichenea ...................................... 27<br />
xanthomista ................................ 27<br />
Polyphaenis sericata ........................ 25<br />
Proserpinus proserpina ......................9<br />
Pseudenargia ulicis .......................... 25<br />
Pseudoips prasinana ....................... 21<br />
Pseudopan<strong>the</strong>ra macularia .............. 11<br />
Pseudoterpna coronillaria ................ 12<br />
Pseudozarba bipartita ...................... 22<br />
Psilogaster loti ...................................8<br />
Pterostoma palpina .......................... 17<br />
Pyropteron<br />
chrysidiformis ................................6<br />
doryliformis ...................................6<br />
hispanica ......................................6<br />
koschwitzi .....................................6<br />
leucomelaena ...............................6<br />
muscaeformis ...............................6<br />
R<br />
Raphia hybris ................................... 22<br />
Recoropha canteneri ....................... 24<br />
Rhizedra lutosa ................................ 25<br />
Rhodometra sacraria ....................... 16<br />
Rhodostrophia calabra ..................... 16<br />
Rhoptria asperaria ........................... 12<br />
Rhypagla lacernaria ......................... 20<br />
S<br />
Saturnia pyri ......................................9<br />
Saturniidae .......................................9<br />
Schrankia costaestrigalis ................. 19<br />
Scoliopteryx libatrix .......................... 19<br />
Scopula<br />
asellaria ...................................... 17<br />
decolor ........................................ 16<br />
decorata ...................................... 16<br />
emutaria ...................................... 17<br />
imitaria ........................................ 16<br />
marginepunctata ......................... 16<br />
minorata ...................................... 17<br />
ornata ......................................... 16<br />
rubiginata .................................... 16<br />
rufomixtaria ................................. 17<br />
submutata ................................... 16<br />
turbidaria ..................................... 16<br />
Scotopteryx peribolata ..................... 14<br />
Selenia lunularia .............................. 11<br />
Selidosema<br />
pyrenaearia ................................. 10<br />
taeniolaria ................................... 10<br />
Sesamia nonagrioides ..................... 26<br />
Sesiidae ............................................6
Smerinthus ocellata ........................... 9<br />
Sphingidae ....................................... 9<br />
Spilosoma lutea ............................... 18<br />
Spodoptera<br />
cilium .......................................... 24<br />
exigua ......................................... 24<br />
littoralis ....................................... 24<br />
Spudaea ruticilla .............................. 26<br />
Stegania trimaculata ........................ 11<br />
Stilbia andalusiaca ........................... 24<br />
Streblote panda ................................. 8<br />
Synan<strong>the</strong>don<br />
codeti ............................................ 6<br />
myopaeformis ............................... 6<br />
stomoxiformis ............................... 6<br />
<strong>the</strong>ryi ............................................ 6<br />
Synthimia fixa .................................. 23<br />
T<br />
Tathorhynchus exsiccata ................. 20<br />
Tephronia<br />
lhommearia ................................. 10<br />
sepiaria ....................................... 10<br />
Te<strong>the</strong>a ocularis .................................. 8<br />
Thalpophila vitalba ........................... 25<br />
Thaumetopoea<br />
herculeana .................................. 17<br />
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34<br />
pityocampa ................................. 17<br />
Thera cupressata ............................ 13<br />
Thyatira batis .................................... 8<br />
Thysanoplusia<br />
daubei ........................................ 22<br />
orichalcea ................................... 22<br />
Timandra comae ............................. 17<br />
Tinthia tineiformis .............................. 6<br />
Toulgoetia cauteriata ....................... 11<br />
Trichiura ilicis .................................... 8<br />
Trichoplusia ni ................................. 22<br />
Trigonophora flammea .................... 27<br />
Tyria jacobaeae .............................. 19<br />
Tyta luctuosa................................... 23<br />
U<br />
Unchelea myodea ........................... 26<br />
Ute<strong>the</strong>isa pulchella .......................... 19<br />
W<br />
Watsonalla uncinula .......................... 8<br />
X<br />
Xanthorhoe<br />
ferrugata..................................... 14<br />
fluctuata ...................................... 14<br />
Xenochlorodes olympiaria ................ 12<br />
Xestia<br />
agathina ...................................... 30<br />
c-nigrum ...................................... 30<br />
kermesina ................................... 30<br />
xanthographa .............................. 30<br />
Xylena exsoleta ............................... 26<br />
Xylocampa areola ............................ 24<br />
Z<br />
Zebeeba falsalis .............................. 19<br />
Ze<strong>the</strong>s insularis ............................... 20<br />
Zeuzera pyrina ...................................6<br />
Zygaena<br />
fausta ............................................7<br />
hilaris ............................................7<br />
lavandulae ....................................7<br />
occitanica ......................................7<br />
rhadamanthus ...............................7<br />
sarpedon .......................................7<br />
trifolii .............................................7<br />
Zygaenidae .......................................7
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