ALPES-MARITIMES & MONACO AEROSPACE HISTORY Philippe ...
ALPES-MARITIMES & MONACO AEROSPACE HISTORY Philippe ...
ALPES-MARITIMES & MONACO AEROSPACE HISTORY Philippe ...
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<strong>ALPES</strong>-<strong>MARITIMES</strong> & <strong>MONACO</strong><br />
<strong>AEROSPACE</strong> <strong>HISTORY</strong><br />
<strong>Philippe</strong> Jung<br />
1
I- 1900/20 Santos-Dumont, Ferber, Léger<br />
II- 1921/35 Romano<br />
III- 1936/44 nationalisation, Groupe Technique de Cannes<br />
IV- 1945/67 rockets & flying wings<br />
V- 1959/67 missiles & motor glider<br />
VI- 1966/05 satellites & airports<br />
2
I - 1900-1920<br />
SANTOS-DUMONT, FERBER, LEGER<br />
COTE D’AZUR AT THE FOREFRONT OF EARLY AVIATION<br />
3
1.02 SANTOS-DUMONT n° 6<br />
Monaco<br />
1.01 SANTOS-DUMONT n° 5<br />
partly built in Nice (19.10.01 Eiffel Tower<br />
fly-around)<br />
4
7.12.01 Ferber 4 « Ratapignata »<br />
15 m hop<br />
Nice<br />
1902 Ferber 5: 50 m<br />
Beuil-Valberg<br />
5
1st contra-rotating propellers<br />
7.6.03 Ferber 5 (6 hp Buchet) « Aérodrome » in Nice (today’s airport!)<br />
6
28.4.05 Léger (5.6 kW offset engine) in Monaco<br />
100 kg lifted<br />
7
1st metallic flying machine<br />
1st 4-engine<br />
1st helo take-off<br />
13.6.07 Léger in Marchais (Ain)<br />
8
1st rotary engine tests<br />
Early 1909 Aéroscaphe in Monaco (50 hp Gnome Omega)
27.11.09 Aéral<br />
2 ex<br />
24.4.09 Fernandez in Antibes 1st Côte<br />
d’Azur aircraft<br />
10
Baratoux<br />
(3.10)<br />
15.5.09 De Lambert with Wright A n° 2 in Cannes<br />
(goes to Defries, 1st flight in Autralia in December 1909)<br />
11
27.3/4.4.10<br />
1st Côte d’Azur meeting in Cannes<br />
Gd Prix Cannes: Christiaens (HF)<br />
Duration: Crochon (HF) 1h09<br />
Landing pattern: Baratoux (Wright)<br />
Regularity: Crochon (HF)<br />
Landing: Christiaens HF)<br />
Departure: Ryemdsyck (Curtiss)<br />
Speed: Edmond (HF)<br />
Height Popoff (Wright) 207 m<br />
Voyage: Popoff (Wright) 15 km<br />
12
4.11 Bécue-Garbero in Antibes<br />
13
Monaco 29.3.13<br />
22.3.13 Cannes-Nice (Astra CM, Co Générale Transaérienne)<br />
1st Côte d’Azur commercial flight<br />
14
16.4.13 Deperdussin (Prévot) in Monaco<br />
Wins 1st Schneider Cup<br />
15
5.9.18 Borel-Odier<br />
1st Mediterranean postal route (Nice-Ajaccio)<br />
16
LeO H-13<br />
1921<br />
17
II- 1921-1935<br />
ROMANO<br />
BIRTH OF COTE D’AZUR AERONAUTICAL INDUSTRY<br />
18
22.1.22 12 h: R.I in Cannes (1 ex) the 1st take-off of many others 3-seat<br />
Etienne Romano<br />
15.12.1889-19.6.1966<br />
19
1924 R 3 (1 ex, Marine)<br />
floats test<br />
16.8.29<br />
New Co with help of French Guinness<br />
6.27 R 4 (1 ex)<br />
Marine<br />
observation<br />
22.4.30<br />
Caproni licence<br />
20
1931 new factory in Cannes-Mandelieu<br />
21
1930 Edward Bret<br />
DH 60 Moth - 1st Côte d’Azur private pilot, introduces Stampe, test pilot, Royal Navy 781X Sq Cdr during WWII<br />
22
« Cannes Côte d’Azur »<br />
1st azurean airport<br />
1931 STAR<br />
20.2.32 Breguet 282 Air Union<br />
(-> Air France 30.8.33)<br />
23
9.32 R 5 (1 ex, Marine)<br />
observation<br />
12.32 R 6 (1 ex, Armée de l’Air)<br />
transport<br />
1934 R 15 (1 ex)<br />
tourism<br />
2.33 R 160 (1 ex, Armée de l’Air)<br />
transport<br />
24
1935 R 80 (01) trainer<br />
(180 ex, Armée de l’Air, Marine, Belgium, Spain)<br />
25
1935 R 90 (1 ex)<br />
on-board fighter<br />
3.38 R 110 (1 ex)<br />
multi-mission<br />
R 92 (HS cannon-engine)<br />
1938 R 120 (1ex)<br />
bomber<br />
26
III- 1936-1944<br />
SNCASE & GTC<br />
(Société Nationale de Constructions Aéronautiques du Sud Est)<br />
NATIONALISATION &<br />
UNIQUE CONCENTRATION<br />
OF FRENCH DESIGN BUREAUX<br />
IN CANNES<br />
27
13 & 24.6.37 St Ex in Cannes<br />
(C.635 Simoun)<br />
28
Early 1940: 6 Caproni Ca 313<br />
delivered in Cannes for Armée de l’Air<br />
29
27.1.40 D 520 (GC I/3)<br />
D 520, best WWII French fighter, becomes operational in Cannes<br />
30
Louis Marnay (SNCASE): organisation<br />
4.41 GTC<br />
7.40 Marcel Bloch in Cannes<br />
4.41 Groupe Technique de Cannes (GTC): design bureaux of<br />
SNCAC+SNCAN+SNCAO+SNCASE+SNCASO/Bloch (in charge)<br />
Maurice Hurel (SNCAN - Nord)<br />
tech dr, seaplanes<br />
31
Henri Déplante<br />
(heavy a/c)<br />
Lucien Servanty<br />
(MB 800P)<br />
SNCASO<br />
(Sud Ouest)<br />
Jean-Charles Parot<br />
(SO 30)<br />
Jean Cabrière<br />
(future Dassault tech dr)<br />
Claude Vallières<br />
(equipment)<br />
Daniel Rastel<br />
(test pilot)<br />
32
Pillon<br />
(SNCAO - Ouest, light a/c)<br />
Marcel Roca<br />
(SNCAC - Centre, stratospheric a/c)<br />
33
Continental<br />
HQ & design bureaux<br />
Pavillon<br />
design bureaux<br />
34
23.12.41 MB 800P (01)<br />
postal<br />
History’s most daring<br />
1st flight:<br />
unfinished, 1 ground roll, fixed<br />
landing gear<br />
->Cannes- <strong>Philippe</strong>ville (Alg.)<br />
(3 h)<br />
11.42 SO 30 (01)<br />
45 ex, 16 users, 6 countries<br />
1st commercial pressurised twin<br />
16.8.43 14 h SO 90 (01)<br />
69 ex, 3 users,3 countries<br />
transport
11.11.43 RAF bombing<br />
LN-42 (01) (14.11.42)<br />
F-ARRN F-24R<br />
36
1.44? Gestapo arrests<br />
draftsman Jacques Martin sent to Me, post-war tech drawings for Hergé<br />
37
9.3.44 SO 30 (convoy n° 6/27)<br />
24.2.44 Unique Cannes plant move to Flayosc/Draguignan, Ambérieu & St Astier/Périgueux,<br />
incl. 11 aircraft<br />
38
Marcel Pierre<br />
3.45 Wind tunnel<br />
(best low-speed in Europe)<br />
1951 Concorde birth<br />
39
IV- 1945-1959<br />
SNCASE & FAUVEL<br />
BIGGEST ROCKET CENTER IN EUROPE FLYING WING<br />
40
22.10.44 Nice replaces Cannes as Côte d’Azur airport<br />
41
1st French<br />
series, guided,<br />
recoverable missile<br />
7.11.46 SE 1500<br />
118 ex 173 launched<br />
29.9.49 SE 4100<br />
81 ex, 78 launched<br />
8.2.50 SE 4200 surface-surface<br />
608 ex, 567 launched<br />
World track record:<br />
328 km/h<br />
World’s 1st ops ramjet mobile system<br />
15.2.52 SE 1910<br />
4 ex, 50 launch<br />
rocket<br />
sled<br />
Liquid/solid prop,guidance,<br />
seeker,recovery testbed
27.2.54 SE 4300<br />
175 ex, 125 launched<br />
1st French<br />
pre-ops<br />
SAM<br />
Ramjet SAM<br />
world records:<br />
Mach 3,14 (8.10.55)<br />
67.000 m (10.3.61)<br />
->never beaten!<br />
9.4.54 SE 4400<br />
97 built, 92 launched<br />
43
Ramjet surf-surf<br />
NATO funded<br />
10.10.56 SE 4500<br />
67 ex, 62 launched<br />
44
AV-45 over Cannes<br />
1st civil flying wing<br />
31.12.51 Fauvel AV-36<br />
3 types, 200 ex<br />
45
V- 1959-1967<br />
SUD AVIATION & FOURNIER<br />
DETERRENCE, CRUISE MISSILE & MOTORGLIDER<br />
46
6.7.60 Fournier RF-01 1st flight in Cannes<br />
8 types, 800 ex<br />
47
19.10.60 VE 8 nose cone<br />
5 ex, 11 launched<br />
17.12.60 Aigle<br />
6 ex, 6 launched<br />
3.6.61 Agate<br />
13 ex, 12 launched<br />
12.11.60 VE 9<br />
2 ex, 2 launched<br />
nose cone+equip bay<br />
Strategic missile<br />
testbeds<br />
48
26.11.65 Diamant<br />
4 ex, 4 launched<br />
France 3rd space power<br />
(at 1st attempt)<br />
10.6.64 Rubis<br />
23 ex, 22 launched<br />
highest Europe sounding<br />
rocket: 2,035 km<br />
19.12.62 Topaze<br />
42 ex, 38 launched<br />
1st French inertial<br />
guidance<br />
Diamant 2 nd stage<br />
49
29.1.67 X 422<br />
3 ex, 3 launched<br />
Béteille invents the cruise misile (& 2 nd powered lifting body)<br />
50
24.5.61 Bélier sounding rockets<br />
359 ex, 8 users, 20 sites<br />
origins of India & Pakistan space programs<br />
51
VI- 1966-2005<br />
AEROSPATIALE<br />
SATELLITES & AIRPORTS<br />
52
23.10.65 S 112 26.5.66 M 112<br />
*MBS & SSBS<br />
equipment bays<br />
*MSBS production<br />
(M4 launch)
8.2.67<br />
D-1C Diadème<br />
laser ranging<br />
2 ex<br />
6.2.75 Starlette<br />
10.11.70 Lunakhod 1<br />
1st E/W space coope<br />
2 ex<br />
54
15.4.71 D-2A<br />
astronomy<br />
4 ex<br />
16.8.71 Eole<br />
meteo balloon track<br />
2 ex<br />
17.5.75 D-5A & D-5B<br />
Castor & Pollux<br />
technology, 4 ex<br />
55
23.11.77 Meteosat<br />
most successful weather sat<br />
2 generations, 11 ex<br />
56
18.12.74 Symphonie 1<br />
1st ops 3-axis GEO telecom<br />
origins of Ariane<br />
28.10.98 GE-5<br />
Spacebus 2000<br />
1st export to US<br />
26.11.02 Astra 1K<br />
Spacebus 3000<br />
8.2.85 Arabsat 1A<br />
Spacebus 1000<br />
1st Europ. export
66 Spacebus sold the world over (China, Russia, USA,…)<br />
58
15.12.84 Vega 1<br />
1st comet pixes<br />
(Halley)<br />
2 ex<br />
18.10.89 Galileo<br />
1st magnetometer<br />
in Jovian orbit<br />
17.11.95 ISO<br />
best IR observatory<br />
water discoverer<br />
-270°C cooled<br />
59
7.12.01 Jason 1<br />
best sea cartographer,<br />
incl.tsunamis<br />
60
7.7.95 Helios 1<br />
spy sat<br />
4 ex<br />
26.1.78 IUE<br />
UV astronomy<br />
14.2.98 Globalstar<br />
74 ex<br />
12.5.93<br />
Arsene/Oscar 24<br />
ham sat
Only Europ.<br />
integrated<br />
manuf/test center<br />
? systems<br />
incl. ground stations,<br />
launch,<br />
insurance,<br />
training<br />
62
300 satellites<br />
63
BA 943 Cne Aubert<br />
Mont Agel<br />
Most modern French military radar base<br />
Integrated within NATO network<br />
64
22.5.87 Nice Terminal 2 inauguration<br />
2 nd biggest airport in France<br />
Concorde<br />
65
14.1.05 11h38’11 HUYGENS<br />
Titan landing, around Saturn<br />
landing ten times farther than ever (1.5b km)!<br />
7 years trip, 100% success<br />
Greatest first after Sputnik, Gagarine, Apollo 11 & Shuttle<br />
At least 15 years before successor<br />
66
CONCLUSION<br />
67
The beginnings:<br />
* Winter quarters for the world’s rich people<br />
* health treatment<br />
Network created<br />
Outstanding situation ground-air-sea<br />
European « Skunk Works » in Cannes<br />
2nd French airport in Nice<br />
2 nd French general aviation airport in Cannes<br />
1st European technopole<br />
NATO radar base<br />
68
Why unknown?<br />
Military secret<br />
Sea - Mountain - Weather - Cinema well-known<br />
-> aerospace achievements thus ignored<br />
69
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