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SILAT<br />
(<strong>SENI</strong> <strong>GAYUNG</strong> <strong>FATANI</strong>)<br />
by Master N<br />
Silat is the traditional art of war of the Malay<br />
race, who are inhabitants the southern part of<br />
the Asian continent, covering the Malay<br />
Archipelago from the Easter Island in the east to<br />
Madagascar Island in the west. Generally, Silat<br />
Melayu refers to the silat practiced by the Malays<br />
in the Malay Peninsula. Silat spread within the<br />
Malay community before the presence of<br />
external influences. For example, an official Silat<br />
weapon, a 2000 year-old copper keris was found<br />
in Mekong, Vietnam 1 .<br />
Malaysia has an original version of silat<br />
known as Silat Melayu. Among the Silat Melayu<br />
group which is most successful is Seni Gayung<br />
Fatani (SGF). This Silat maintains the original<br />
practice of Silat Melayu covering the art, self-<br />
defense, sports, music, culture and spiritualism.<br />
It has branches all over the country and<br />
international branches overseas including among<br />
others Austria, France, New Caledonia,<br />
Germany, Switzerland, Spain, Italy, Wales,<br />
Vietnam, Thailand, and many others.<br />
Seni Gayung Fatani UWIC<br />
SGF was the overall champion (in<br />
Malaysia) in the National Silat Championship in<br />
1991, 1992, 1993 and 1995. This association<br />
participated in the presentation involving 11<br />
types of the world’s best self defense in 15<br />
German cities (2004). Became the champion for<br />
two years successively for Best Performance<br />
Group in art of self defense which was<br />
participated by 40 other countries from 14 types<br />
of the world’s best art of self defense under the<br />
International Martial Arts Games Committee<br />
(IMGC) organized by International Taekwondo<br />
Federation (ITF) in Pyongyang, North Korea,<br />
2004 and the one organized Kung Fu/ Wushu in<br />
Perugia, Italy, 2005. SGF had groomed a<br />
number of athletes, coaches, juries and team<br />
managers in Silat Seni (performance competition)<br />
and Silat Olahraga (combat sport competition)<br />
and were successful in the International Pencak<br />
Silat Championship. This group has successfully<br />
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improved the curriculum of silat from<br />
traditionally to modern Silat curriculum.<br />
The performance of silat compromises of<br />
beautiful, aesthetic movements, clad in warrior<br />
attire, accompanied by energetic silat music that<br />
fulfills the requirement of formal functions such<br />
as for receptions, circumcisions, ceremonies and<br />
the glutinous eating feasts 2 .<br />
Silat Categories<br />
The disciplines of Silat in Malaysia can be<br />
categorized into three major silat disciplines. The<br />
first is Silat Melayu, the local traditional silat in<br />
the Peninsula that are from the same source.<br />
They are called Silat Pulut or Gayung Pulut.<br />
Seni Gayung Fatani UWIC<br />
The second would be Pencak Silat, a<br />
form of self defense that was brought by the<br />
early immigration of society Indonesia. Pencak<br />
Silat had been recognized as the indigenous<br />
Indonesian Art of Self Defense 3 . On the 24 th and<br />
25 th September 1979, the first meeting organized<br />
by Indonesian Pencak Silat Federation (IPSI) in<br />
conjunction with other countries in an effort to<br />
develop Pencak Silat internationally. On March<br />
1980, International Pencak Silat Federation<br />
(PERSILAT) was officially founded with Jakarta,<br />
Indonesia as its headquarters. Indonesia,<br />
Malaysia and Singapore were recognized as the<br />
founding members of PERSILAT. In an effort<br />
to develop pencak silat, Malaysia founded<br />
National Silat Federation (PESAKA) on the 24 th<br />
of September 1983 and was successfully<br />
registered on the 21 st May 1986 4 .<br />
Finally, the third would be silat<br />
disciplines that were developed or created based<br />
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on experiences, inspirations, guidance, mixture<br />
or consolidation of a few different disciplines of<br />
silat, pencak silat, self defence or other martial<br />
arts from overseas, for example Silat Sekebun,<br />
Seri Minangkabau, Tapak Suci and Gayung<br />
Cekak Sendeng.<br />
On the 4 th of December 2006, the<br />
Malaysian Government recognized Silat as the<br />
Malaysian official art of self-defence and was<br />
gazetted in the National Heritage Act 5 .<br />
Silat movements<br />
The silat movements are based on the<br />
movements of human beings according to their<br />
geometrical measurements. The curriculum also<br />
uses the basic traditional silat lessons such as the<br />
Bunga Sembah (basic movements) and Tapak Empat<br />
in order to produce seven lessons in silat which<br />
are the Bunga, Jurus, Belebat, Tapak, Buah Pukul,<br />
Tempur Seni and Tempur Bela Diri.<br />
In Bunga, there are basic silat movements<br />
including the tujuh langkah (seven steps), tujuh kuda-<br />
kuda (seven stances) and tujuh limbai tangan (seven<br />
hand shape).<br />
Seni Gayung Fatani UWIC<br />
Gerak jurus is based on the movements<br />
of bunga sembah that creates seven defensive or<br />
offensive actions to be used on the target.<br />
Belebat creates movements or steps<br />
before bertempur (battle), and it stresses on<br />
methods of receiving an attack and to turn it<br />
back against the opponent, followed by another<br />
offensive move.<br />
Tapak is the pattern of the movements of<br />
feet on the floor.<br />
Tempur Silat can be categorized into two,<br />
Tempur seni (artistic battle) and tempur beladiri<br />
(combat battle). Tempur Seni builds up one’s silat<br />
skills by brushing up his or her skills in tapak<br />
empat, galah panjang and melilit. The three basic<br />
forms of attacks would be tikam (to stab), parang<br />
(to behead) and tetak (to chop). There are seven<br />
methods in receiving attacks, which are sekat,<br />
sentak, kedu, tindih, sisip, sagang and potong. The<br />
Simbo move acts as a signal to exchange attacks<br />
and paras acts as a signal to stop.<br />
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The philosophy of silat lies in the<br />
warrior’s attitude 6 ,<br />
A WARRIOR’S ATTITUDE<br />
A warrior is a being who has knowledge,<br />
practices and is skillful in silat internally<br />
(spiritually) and externally (physically),<br />
based on the Malay custom, arts and culture<br />
in parallel with syarak, one that uses his<br />
knowledge and crafts at the right place for<br />
justice and peace with a calm soul with<br />
physical properties based on the spirit of a<br />
Sports in Silat<br />
chivalrous majestic warrior.<br />
Since the beginning of the 18 th century till today,<br />
many silat practitioners still involve themselves<br />
in the kickboxing or Muay Thai competition<br />
because the movements and principles are quite<br />
similar to silat.<br />
On the 23 rd to 24 th of September 1979,<br />
when the 14 th SEA Games were held, Indonesian<br />
Pencak Silat Federation (IPSI) introduced<br />
Olahraga Pencak Silat (commonly known as Silat<br />
Olahraga). The rules of this competition have<br />
Seni Gayung Fatani UWIC<br />
already been organized in the year 1973. In order<br />
to strengthen and enrich it, more pencak silat<br />
techniques are added based on karate, kempo<br />
and jujitsu moves for perfection 7 .<br />
By 1980, silat has taken part in the first<br />
Olahraga Pencak Silat competition which was<br />
held in Singapore. In 1982, the Pencak Silat<br />
competition introduced two new competitions<br />
which are Silat Seni and Silat Olahraga 8 . Later,<br />
the Pencak Silat competition organizer changed<br />
the terms for the categories into Tunggal, Ganda,<br />
Regu and Tanding (Olahraga Pencak Silat/ Silat<br />
Olahraga). In order to standardize for the<br />
athletes and simplify the ways of evaluation, the<br />
Tunggal (solo), Ganda (double) and Regu (triple)<br />
categories were standardized. The methods and<br />
markings of Tanding went back to the pencak<br />
silat technique.<br />
4
Malaysia still has its own originality or<br />
Malaysian version of silat that is known as Silat<br />
Melayu that are still practiced by gurus and<br />
warriors especially in villages in the Northern<br />
Peninsula. The silat that originally belonged to<br />
the Malays 9 is an artistic martial arts based on a<br />
polite martial art that teaches its exponents to<br />
react and defend themselves without hurting the<br />
opponent, unless desperate.<br />
For more information on SILAT, please do<br />
contact Master Nizam (07934 142 528) / Raja<br />
Noor (07934 142 529) or email to<br />
iijam@yahoo.com.<br />
Training timetable;<br />
Every Friday (6-8pm) & Saturday (3-5pm) –<br />
Dance Studio, UWIC Cyncoed.<br />
Seni Gayung Fatani UWIC<br />
To all students that wanted to organize their<br />
training near to their place or accommodation<br />
please do email iijam@yahoo.com for further<br />
information.<br />
More details and link;<br />
1. Seni Gayung Fatani France, http://www.culturesilat.fr/htm/sponsors_01.htm<br />
2. Seni Gayung Fatani Switzerland,<br />
http://www.pencaksilatswitzerland.com/<br />
3. Seni Gayung Fatani Austria, http://www.silat.at/<br />
4. Seni Gayung Fatani,<br />
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seni_Gayung_Fata<br />
ni<br />
5. Seni Gayung Fatani, Pusat Cemerlang Silat,<br />
http://www.answers.com/topic/pusatcemerlang-silat<br />
6. Seni Gayung Fatani, Pusat Cemerlang Silat<br />
(English) http://fatanisb.tripod.com/<br />
7. http://malaysia.maribelajar.com/my/Silat<br />
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silat<br />
9. Video Seni Gayung Fatani,<br />
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MvMd9bgkn0<br />
10. Video Pusat Cemerlang Silat<br />
http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=3701<br />
757887222786840<br />
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