Highlights of China GAW activities - WMO

Highlights of China GAW activities
(including Mt. Waliguan)
Submitted by
Lingxi ZHOU and Xiaoye ZHANG
Centre for Atmosphere Watch And Services (CAWAS)
Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences (CAMS)
China Meteorological Administration (CMA)
GAW Workshop 2005, Geneva, 14-16 March

Outline
Overview
Goals, history, major present activities
Achievements
Waliguan Global station
3+3 Regional stations
Centre for Atmosphere Watch And Services (CAWAS)
List of recent peer-reviewed publications (WLG)
Plans for the near future
WLG2005 International Symposium on the GAW
Announce intention of CMA to establish QA/SAC China

Overview

Goals
GAW is considered the atmospheric chemistry
component of the GCOS to help understanding major
socio-economic issues relating to climate change, air
quality & long range transport of pollution, ozone
depletion and the oxidizing power of the atmosphere.
History
In the past decade, CMA has been participating actively
in the GAW (including Waliguan Global station and
Regional stations SDZ, LA, LFS, etc) supporting global
networks for ozone, UV, greenhouse gases, aerosols,
selected reactive gases and precipitation chemistry.

Major present activities
Recently, CMA has been very supportive of the
implementation of the IGACO system led by WMO
that will bridge the gap between GAW
measurements, satellite observations and their
various usages.
The most recent event, CMA co-sponsored
International Symposium on Sand and Dust Storm
(SDS) in September 2004 in Beijing recognized the
importance of GAW and IGACO in the development
of next-generation weather and air quality forecast
models.
The WWRP/GAW SDS Pilot Project, lead by Prof.
Xiaoye Zhang.

Achievements

黑碳浓度(ng/m 3 )
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
91AUG
91DEC
O 3 Daily averages (ppbv)
92APR
GAW Global station
92AUG
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
Waliguan
36.3°N, 100.9°E , 3810m asl
92DEC
93APR
93AUG
93DEC
94APR
94AUG
94DEC
95APR
95AUG
95DEC
2 nd , 3 rd , 4 th
WMO Round-robin
Inter-comparison
Brewer total O 3
Precipitation chemistry
96APR
96AUG
96DEC
97APR
97AUG
97DEC
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Year
98APR
98AUG
98DEC
99APR
99AUG
99DEC
00APR
00Aug
00Dec
01Apr
01Aug
01Dec
02Apr
02Aug
02Dec
CO2 (ppm)
CH4 (ppb)
CO (ppb)
385
375
365
355
345
1990 1992 1994 1996
Year
1998 2000 2002 2004
1850
1800
1750
1700
1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
Year
250
200
150
100
50
1990 1992 1994 1996
Year
1998 2000 2002 2004

SDZ(117.07°E, 40.39°N, 293.9m asl)
LA(119.73 °E,30.3 °N,138m asl)
LFS(127.6 °E, 44.73 °N, 310m asl)
3+3 GAW Regional stations
ZZ(27°30'N,99°0.5'E,3580m asl)
AKDL(47°06´N,87°58´E,562m asl)
DHS( 31°24.5′N, 112°59.5′E , 862m asl)

CAWAS mission & structure
Personnel 90
Atmospheric chemistry observations
(including GAW stations), research &
forecasting in CMA operated by CAWAS
An essential & promoting part of the GAW
and IGACO.
Director
Deputy Directors
Office of General Affairs
Science & Tech Support
Atmospheric Chemistry Lab
Modeling and forecast
Data management
Global & Regional GAW stations in China
Global station(1)
AKDL
Established Regional stations(3)
New Regional stations(3)
ZZ
WLG
DHS
SDZ
LA
LFS

Atmospheric Chemistry Lab
Aerosol
Reactive gases
GHGs
Precipitation Chemistry

Modeling & Forecast
Surface O 3
4月7日14时左右新疆的高粉尘天气有所减弱,且蒙古的浮尘天气削弱,扩散
Air quality
SDS
The dust was much lighter early on the 7th,
but by lunchtime we could look directly at
the sun, so AOT was 3 or more. I could not
get enough signal to make a measurement
(from Douglas L. Westphal)
4月7日零晨的预报结果

List of recent peer-reviewed publications (WLG)
Lee H N, Wan GJ, Zheng X, Sanderson CG, Josse B, Wang S, Yang W, Tang J and Wang C,
2004. Measurements of 210Pb and 7Be in China and their analysis accompanied with global model
calculations of 210Pb. J. Geophys. Res 109(D22203), doi:10.1029/2004JD005061.
Ma J, Tang J, Zhou XJ and Zhang XS, 2002. Estimates of the chemicalbudget for ozone at
Waliguan Observatory, J. Atmos. Chem., 41: 21– 48.
Ma J, Tang J, Lee SM and Jacobe M. 2003. Size distributions of ionic aerosols measured at
Waliguan Observatory: Implication for nitrate gas-to-particle Transfer processes in the free
troposphere. J. Geophys. Res 108(D17) 4541, doi:10.1029/2002JD003356.
Ma J, Zheng X, Xu X. 2005. Comment on “Why does surface ozone peak in summertime at
Waliguan?” by Bin Zhu et al. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L01805, doi:10.1029/2004GL021683.
Zhou LX, Tang J, Wen YP, Li JL, Yan P and Zhang XC. 2003. The impact of local winds and longrange
transport on the continuous carbon dioxide record at Mount Waliguan, China. TellusB
55B(2):145-158.
Zhou LX, Mukai H, Wen YP and Li JL. 2003. Monitoring of atmospheric carbon monoxide at Mount
Waliguan, China. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67(18)S1:A583.
Zhou LX, Worthy DEJ, Lang PM, Ernst MK, Zhang XC, Wen YP and Li JL. 2004. Ten years of
atmospheric methane observations at a high elevation site in Western China. Atmospheric
Environment 38: 7041-7054.
Zhu B, Akimoto H, Wang Z, Sudo K, Tang J and Uno I. 2004. Why does surface ozone peak in
summertime at Waliguan? Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L17104, doi:10.1029/2004GL020609.

Plans for the near future

WLG 2005
Symposium
Openly exchange
information on GAW
Challenges
&
problems
capacity building
funding
collaboration

CAWAS
Announce the intention of
CMA to establish the
GAW QA/SAC China
Prof. Guoguang ZHENG
Deputy Administrator of CMA
& Executive Vice Chairman of the China GCOS Committee
Discuss with other QA/SACs
Play a major role in training,
quality assurance system,
establishing SOPs for GAW
measurements, overseeing quality
of the data produced and
promoting the use of GAW data
especially in China and adjacent
regions.

Acknowledgement
Environment Division, AREP, WMO
WLG, CAMS, CMA colleagues
MSC Canada
NOAA CMDL
CU-INSTAAR
BOM & CSIRO
EMPA
GAWTEC
FMI
JMA
NIES
GAW SAG, QA/SAC, CCL, WCC, WDC, ……
And all the people who give concern
& support to the China GAW