Beginning Microsoft SQL Server 2008 ... - S3 Tech Training

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Chapter 9: SQL Server Storage and Index Structures Figure 9-8 Tim Fred Mike Ralph Tony 102 1 56 74 209 Tony Tom Zach Creating, Altering, and Dropping Indexes 276 Tim Amy Barbara 102 27 367 Tim Bill Charlie Diane Ernest Bill Bruce Frank Clustered Seek: 209 102 270 23 361 211 270 104 171 Tony Sue These work much as they do on other objects such as tables. Let’s take a look at each, starting with the CREATE. Indexes can be created in two ways: 209 157 99 Tom Tony Yolanda 157 209 ❑ Through an explicit CREATE INDEX command ❑ As an implied object when a constraint is created Tim 105 102 List from Non-Clustered Index: Each of these has its own quirks about what it can and can’t do, so let’s look at each of them individually. Tim Tom Tony 102 157 209 Tim Amy Barbara Tom Amy Barbara 102 27 367 157 27 367 Tim Bill Charlie Diane Ernest Bill Bruce Frank Tom Bill Charlie Diane Ernest Bill Bruce Frank Clustered Seek: 102 102 270 23 361 211 270 104 171 Tim Fred Mike Ralph Steve Tom Fred Mike Ralph Steve 102 1 56 74 52 Clustered Seek: 157 157 270 23 361 211 270 104 171 157 1 56 74 52 Steve Tom Zach Steve Sue Tim Steve Tom Zach Steve Sue Tim 52 157 99 52 105 102 52 157 99 52 105 102 Tom Tony Yolanda Tom Tony Yolanda 157 209 157 209
The CREATE INDEX Statement The CREATE INDEX statement does exactly what it sounds like — it creates an index on the specified table or view based on the stated columns. The syntax to create an index is somewhat drawn out and introduces several items that we haven’t really talked about up to this point: CREATE [UNIQUE] [CLUSTERED|NONCLUSTERED] INDEX ON ( [ASC|DESC] [,...n]) INCLUDE ( [, ...n]) [WITH [PAD_INDEX = { ON | OFF }] [[,] FILLFACTOR = ] [[,] IGNORE_DUP_KEY = { ON | OFF }] [[,] DROP_EXISTING = { ON | OFF }] [[,] STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = { ON | OFF }] [[,] SORT_IN_TEMPDB = { ON | OFF }] [[,] ONLINE = { ON | OFF } [[,] ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = { ON | OFF } [[,] ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = { ON | OFF } [[,] MAXDOP = ] [ON { | | DEFAULT }] There is legacy syntax available for many of these options, and so you may see that syntax put into use to support prior versions of SQL Server. That syntax is, however, considered deprecated and will be removed at some point. I highly recommend that you stay with the newer syntax where possible. Loosely speaking, this statement follows the same CREATE syntax that we’ve seen plenty of already (and will see even more of). The primary hitch in things is that we have a few intervening parameters that we haven’t seen elsewhere. Just as we’ll see with views in our next chapter, we do have to add an extra clause onto our CREATE statement to deal with the fact that an index isn’t really a stand-alone kind of object. It has to go together with a table or view, and we need to state the table that our column(s) are ON. After the ON () clause, everything is optional. You can mix and match these options. Many of them are seldom used, but some (such as FILLFACTOR) can have a significant impact on system performance and behavior, so let’s look at them one by one. ASC/DESC Chapter 9: SQL Server Storage and Index Structures There is a similar but sufficiently different syntax for creating XML indexes. That will be handled separately at the end of this section. These two allow you to choose between an ascending and a descending sort order for your index. The default is ASC, which is, as you might guess, ascending order. 277
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Programmer to Programmer Get more
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Beginning Microsoft SQL Ser ver® 2
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Beginning Microsoft SQL Ser ver® 2
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About the Author Experiencing his f
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Acknowledgments Over the years, the
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Contents Chapter 2:T ools of the T
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Contents xviii The CREATE Statement
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Contents xx Correlated Subqueries 1
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Contents xxii SORT_IN_TEMPDB 280 ON
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Contents xxiv Control-of-Flow State
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Contents xxvi How the SQL Ser ver L
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Contents Chapter 16: A Brief XML Pr
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Contents Chapter 19: Pla ying Admin
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Introduction The beginning user wil
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Introduction ❏ We show file names
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Introduction xxxvi ❏ Understand t
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Chapter 1: RDBMS Basics: What Makes
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 22 My
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade ❑ S
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 26 Ke
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 28 Th
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 30 lo
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 32 3.
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade 34 Fi
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade Figur
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade Note
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Chapter 2: Tools of the Trade bcp i
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3 The Foundation Statements of T-SQ
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asic SELECT statement. Fire up the
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Now let’s try taking a little bit
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very few of your tables will have s
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Operator Example Usage Effect ALL,
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Chapter 3: The Foundation Statement
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WHERE SalesOrderID IN (43660, 43670
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AVG This one is for computing avera
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efore, but remove the two AS keywor
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You’ll get a result that is a bit
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What if we want to place conditions
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Let’s say, for example, that we w
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City varchar(20) NOT NULL, State ch
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for it in the INSERT statement. For
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And sure enough, we get back the on
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Chapter 4: JOINs 82 returned is in
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Chapter 4: JOINs 84 Using an INNER
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Chapter 4: JOINs 86 Uh, oh — this
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Chapter 4: JOINs How It Works Unlik
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Chapter 4: JOINs If we were to look
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Chapter 4: JOINs 92 What I’m tryi
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Chapter 4: JOINs 16 Mountain-500 Si
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Chapter 4: JOINs 96 Let’s use thi
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Chapter 4: JOINs 98 vendor. We’re
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Chapter 4: JOINs 100 Somehow, we lo
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Chapter 4: JOINs Try It Out FULL JO
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Chapter 4: JOINs Every time I teach
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Chapter 4: JOINs JOIN Sales.Special
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Chapter 4: JOINs Figure 4-1 As alwa
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Chapter 4: JOINs 110 CREATE TABLE U
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Chapter 4: JOINs There are two diff
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Chapter 5: Creating and Altering Ta
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Chapter 6: Constraints At a more sp
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Chapter 6: Constraints We can then
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Chapter 6: Constraints A table can
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Chapter 6: Constraints FOREIGN KEY
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Chapter 6: Constraints How It Works
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Chapter 6: Constraints Cascading Ac
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Chapter 6: Constraints 166 This is
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Chapter 6: Constraints 168 FROM Ord
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Chapter 6: Constraints 170 Let’s
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Chapter 6: Constraints CHECK Constr
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Chapter 6: Constraints Defining a D
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Chapter 6: Constraints Ignoring Bad
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Chapter 6: Constraints Try running
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Chapter 6: Constraints Rules and De
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Chapter 6: Constraints Dropping Rul
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Chapter 6: Constraints 184 Restrict
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7 Adding More to Our Queries When I
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Building a Nested Subquery A nested
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While this works just fine, queries
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We’ll go back to the AdventureWor
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❑ Aliases are used in both querie
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Now let’s see this at work in our
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So let’s take this now and apply
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This join-based syntax, for example
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IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT ‘True’ FR
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The conversions can actually get a
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there are no other roll up records
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GROUP BY soh.OrderDate, sod.Product
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OUTPUT $action, inserted.Year, inse
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The long-standing, traditional view
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8 Being Normal: Normalization and O
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Chapter 8: Being Normal: Normalizat
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Next we have a DECLARE statement to
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I’m not going to pick any bones a
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Using @@IDENTITY @@IDENTITY is one
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How It Works What we’re doing in
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DECLARE @RowCount int; --Notice the
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When the editing tool encounters a
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When you think about it, this seems
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So, let’s try a quick query direc
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We now have our text file source fo
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Let’s build an example in the Adv
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DECLARE @InVar varchar(50); DECLARE
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-- This won’t work DECLARE @Numbe
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-- Now we’re run our conditional
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Out of the condition from inner con
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A Simple CASE A simple CASE takes a
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3 8 More Than One Apart 2 2 Ends Wi
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Now, I don’t know about you, but
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The WAITFOR statement does exactly
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IF @ErrorNo = 2714 -- Object exists
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Chapter 11: Writing Scripts and Bat
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Creat
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Dropp
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Suppl
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures 374 [
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Confi
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Now,
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures SQL S
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures It wo
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Note
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures All t
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures Sproc
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures I’d
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Chapter 12: Stored Procedures There
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13 User-Defined Functions Well, her
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types!), except for BLOBs, cursors,
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We get back the same set as with th
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AS RETURN (SELECT BusinessEntityID,
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in your relational database. These
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AS BEGIN ( EmployeeID int NOT NULL,
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So, as you can see, we can actually
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Despite being schema-bound, this on
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14 Transactions and Locks This is o
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we are unable or do not want to com
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Figure 14-1 Data needed Data in cac
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Transaction 4 This transaction wasn
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Oops — problem!!! Transaction 2 h
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The only cure for this is setting y
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Exclusive Locks Exclusive locks are
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Also: ❑ The Sch-S is compatible w
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The syntax for switching between th
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As with most things in life, howeve
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purchased. Process 2 records sales;
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Chapter 14: Transactions and Locks
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Chapter 15: Triggers the world’s
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Chapter 15: Triggers WITH ENCRYPTIO
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Chapter 15: Triggers FOR|AFTER The
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Chapter 15: Triggers 458 To illustr
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Chapter 15: Triggers 460 IF EXISTS
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Chapter 15: Triggers ❑ Feeding de
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Chapter 15: Triggers Trigger Firing
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Chapter 15: Triggers Like regular t
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Chapter 15: Triggers The COLUMNS_UP
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Chapter 15: Triggers This is the sa
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Chapter 15: Triggers 472 we have th
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer So,
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer Figu
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer Elem
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer ❑
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer 482
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer Name
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer The
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer 2. W
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer SQL
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer So,
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer If,
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer Note
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer RAW
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer AUTO
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer EXPL
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Chapter 16: A Brief XML Primer The
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Chapter 17: Reporting for Duty, Sir
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19 Playing Administrator And so, he
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❑ Write the information to the ev
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Creating Jobs and Tasks Using Manag
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Let’s go ahead and move on to the
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Figure 19-8 Figure 19-9 Chapter 19:
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Figure 19-11 Figure 19-12 Chapter 1
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Backup and Reco very No database-dr
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❑ Differential: This might be ref
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❑ Simple: Under this model, the t
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The older DBCC commands are still s
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many rows inserted over time and th
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Chapter 19: Playing Administrator T
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Appendix A: System Functions In add
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Appendix A: System Functions @@TOTA
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Appendix A: System Functions CHECKS
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Appendix A: System Functions SUM Th
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Appendix A: System Functions The de
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Appendix A: System Functions @@REMS
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Appendix A: System Functions Cert_I
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Appendix A: System Functions @@FETC
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Appendix A: System Functions CURREN
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Appendix A: System Functions SYSDAT
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Appendix A: System Functions GetRoo
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Appendix A: System Functions The ex
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Appendix A: System Functions RAND T
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Appendix A: System Functions ❑ IN
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Appendix A: System Functions ❑ Is
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Appendix A: System Functions FILEGR
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Appendix A: System Functions INDEX_
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IsCheckCnst IsConstraint IsDefault
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Appendix A: System Functions OBJECT
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Appendix A: System Functions The qu
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Appendix A: System Functions ASCII
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Appendix A: System Functions The ch
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Appendix A: System Functions UNICOD
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Appendix A: System Functions NULLIF
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Appendix A: System Functions Text a
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ABS function A ABS function, 611 AC
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closing tags closing tags, XML docu
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cryptographic functions (continued)
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defects defects. See well formed XM
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EXPLICIT option EXPLICIT option bas
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IGNORE_DUP_KEY option (CREATE INDEX
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LOWER function LOWER function, 635
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online transaction-processing (OLTP
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query results query results alphabe
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scripts (continued) creating with M
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state state, basics of, 391 stateme
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transactions (continued) COMMIT TRA
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View Builder View Builder (Manageme
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