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Mottisfont Estate archaeological survey CKC Archaeology Page 18 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───────── The priory rental lists a number of field names. From the descriptions given, there seems to be three large open fields. Two of these may be attached to Mottisfont, with the third attached to Cadbury. The Mottisfont fields are specifically called Le Northfeld de Motesfonte, and La Southfeld de Motesfonte. The Cadbury field is specifically called Le Westfeld de Cadebury. The latter contains over 61 acres, with other nearby fields called Aylesburyacre at over four and a half acres, and Ayrchesacre at over four and a half acres. These fields are sown at the first sowing (ad unium semen). The vicinity of West Field can still be identified by Westfield Copse, south of Cadbury arm. At the same sowing what appear to be parts of North Field are sown. These include Le Puchalne (over 1/2 acre), La Longehalne (1 1/2 acres plus), Walyngton (4 1/2 acres plus), Herlegh (16 acres plus) and Houndestyle (3 acres plus). Wallington and Herless can be identified oday as field names to the north of Bengers Lane, thereby making the land here within North ield. t 'another sowing' a further 20 1/2 acres plus between the king's road and the Cellarer's hedge is own in Cadbury. This is probably the land between Westfield Copse and the B3084. A number f other furlongs are mentioned after this, few of which are identifiable today. The Dunnyngsok eems to have the same root element as Dunbridge, possibly suggesting this land is south of eepers Lane towards Dunbridge, 'in the valley' (HRO 13M63, folio 2v). ne of these furlongs extends from the 'nether part of the prior's quarry', suggesting that uarrying was being undertaken in the medieval period. One of the most notable features of the ottisfont landscape is the large number of old quarries on the estate; most of the present woods grow on old quarry sites. The previous field names seemed to suggest that the land being described was in the south part of Cadbury's fields towards Dunbridge. Although one must accept that such an assumption could be dangerous, if this is correct, the quarry being mentioned could be one of three old quarries south of Hatt Farm. In this same sowing La Southfeld de Motesfonte is mentioned, with a place called Tylerslond within it. 'South Field' field names still survived at the time of the tithe map to the south of Hatt Lane. It is likely that this is the South Field of medieval Mottisfont. As all the identified North Field names are north of Bengers Lane, it is possible that the land between Hatt and Bengers Lane was also in South Field. The name Tylerslond is interesting because it suggests an association with a person who makes tiles. Brick and tile making was carried on at Mottisfont probably at Spearywell) in the late 17th century, when it recorded that William Berrier pays rent by providing the lord of the manor with a set number of bricks and 'Ridge Tyles' (HRO 13M63/39). It is possible to suggest that the Tylerslond name indicates that tile making was carried out in 14th century Mottisfont. ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───────────
Mottisfont Estate archaeological survey CKC Archaeology Page 19 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───────── This name can perhaps be located more precisely. A map of the manor of Mottisfont Treasury, dated 1760, shows that the eastern part of South Field was in that manor. Any field names given as in South Field in the priory rental must therefore be in the western part of that field. Another field name that survives in the 19th century is that associated with the vill's shepherd. In the rental is a place called Le Schepherdelond that seems to be part of South Field. In the tithe award is a 'Shepherds Garden Pit', now Yew Tree Pit in the north of the estate. This example demonstrates how easy it is to assume too much from names in the rental. It is clear from this that certain place names were common enough to occur in more than one place on the estate. Equating a medieval name with a later field name might not, therefore, necessarily be correct. The rental records the lands sown at Cadbury during the third sowing (Cadebury ad tercium semen). Some furlongs of interest include one next to Denebruggeshegge, again bringing the unbridge name into play, and suggesting this furlong was on the edge of the open field where here was a hedge separating it from other lands. Another furlong extends above Hurtheslane, iving a road name. Another extends 'continuously along the road to Le Tylcroft 'within the gate f Cadbury along the southern part of the road', giving further indications that a tiler lived in ottisfont (13M63/3, folio 3v). fter listing field names, the rental then lists the tenants of the manor. Forty-five tenants are isted holding from the prior. These tenants hold a total of 43 buildings differentiated as essuages, tenements or cottages. These different names might suggest a hierarchy of building ype, the cottage apparently being the lowest and the messuage appearing to be the highest. A urther two houses are mentioned as being next to others belonging to named persons who are ot listed elsewhere as holding houses. On top of this two additional 'crofts' are listed plus a arlpit. If the crofts are houses, this seems to indicate that there were at least 47 houses in ottisfont. Add to this those houses within the manor of Mottisfont Treasury, and the number ust exceed 50, probably much higher. he rental thereby indicates that Mottisfont was a populous settlement, with a high concentration f houses. Some of these would have been in the village, but a large number were probably pread out along the Spearywell road. These latter houses seemed to have made up a series of cattered houses and hamlets along a common road. Such settlements are common in wooded ountryside, and have been given the name 'interrupted row' to define this type of dispersed ettlement (Dyer 1990). Interrupted rows are common in southern Hampshire, where there has lso been large areas of historic woodland (Currie 1995). n 1351 Edward III had granted the treasurer of York Cathedral the right to hold a market at Mottisfont every Wednesday, together with two annual fairs (Hollings et al 1911, 506). It is possible that this represented a formalisation of activity that had pre-dated the grant. Mottisfont eems to have been a thriving community, with its own village tradesman apparently noted in the ental. Here are recorded John le King, a tailor, John de Chalke, a baker, and John le Bolt, a Sciswon', the latter probably being the village smith. In Clent, Worcestershire, a 'sisyer' is the ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───────────
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