T m -ek)rs (14/12/99) - Archive plan search

saddePlg out of our polltiosl kibenrptiun. Tm -ek)rs (14/12/99) 

sfby th8 in-l~Sen bbm, %he S~rida -cPBPS~~~~SXJ kP~Bsd 

auf of rtbs Ledi~ig~ara ma ax& rrrt3atbers mamended fa g5- suck b%p 

to iPSaJmd as they outlld* Cars bad fa be taken to ;prreanl.m 

- *ne~tret3ffg.~ aep~~iall~ %n mgard to the German war - xle 

(I got teasilitis and missed part of Spea* Ass~blyg anB 

wasp hardllfy ~oopamd shsuz 3 left Por Prelmd.) 

Wga pub3.f~ 8ubascriptiounet have been laade in =riaus 

cauntrlss - 2,090,006 Swiss francs in Switzerland, e.g,

Paled, sstd smprLiers, asad aflitary ssrtaricaX hs~i glean8 fmm athsss 

hblic bpSnion has gulled g~errrraatllz2a faster than $hey ISlre in 

sma cases * HoXlan4Ls Swedent slgm 

The Irish Govemmeat gate nothing But meouraged fhe new 

IrirPh Bad Crosa Society t o give El,006, 

PSOept far tkny repvletnts of fanst%-1 as bought C~1pnitsfs~ 

add op9ni.on is fSeretsly anti-hersian, I% 9s even said to 

be tilSrXdtgd in Grsr~lfsny, but %hat does p. a. in Gerrms;teay mount %a? 

Cbsuaittee, cutting &om otsff, rabfrllfaed ram grr>'bIf;liaer+ eltc, 

Iv0 hsve redile&k, ooapuiy l/1/39 with 1/1/40 i!y over m: on 

ear5;16r 1Ln Dsclaberr and sttitadad the Spec5al Asrsmably whpch sat 

Be Ve~lem sas urged t o came auk asad act ss Presfdent of 

Assem'bXy.. a cio1osr;xal puhlirriQrS Bnd w%CB a ntll pub25u 

up%nlon behaad h5iztl And aritlbon-t; aEf'8cttrSng nml;saXi%y %a the 

other -3 But there was a Pi.%- FafX &arty annual neeting. 

I__ 

See ijirao hsts on arigin of Leap deuisZon to eqel Sovfeta

A new nasn in the BrltSsh Bsl+@tiun was %be Puke of 

f -%her Sikad hb. 

He toldme aagl+fr&sb rel~tielli~i were quite E:OO~~ 3 &#kt& 

about Sir John Besffay, lortely appointed BrS+ibl;B Wfi33sferH at 

Dublin, and he sag& that h& candidate had been lord Bobart Ceoil. 

f eaPd St weald not ham don*$ d6hbtcd if CeoiLl liked t b 

Irish we11 enough to tdarate the v%cissitaadss ioE such a post. 

(I 1%. Cwif. and hsm a good opin&on ci hfr. ot~rdw.) 

bffice, ( ~ had e been hem with the Abgsainian report,) md rsa 

~umd how Dgvo;ll;s;htm tu& it trg, explabSng that there was no 

dspar4amh 

The *YobXa.ata, he infirmed mm., hsd =ad* a paint of it$ 

]I wao Bwlt~poA*.~ dntezsieddary &rssrzgXng for Soks313ss4e 

S. fa stay on - not as O,S,G, .I. but in a snaller 

capac5ty far l.ierisz~n. I nffts swpsised. It ma bpossible. 

Sa%s~, Poli~e rstrarpPcioz~za St.orissg preba'blg unfounded, that 

Be jte clever* ZntelZecZ;ual, cultivated and &greeabla - not 

&d tasthonial. for auBsPshyw . 

Left fos loseor ( and what?) towards end of Feb~giaq.

Cher Konsirsru~ tester, 

J'ai apyris ijue volzs miso laicux; de voua erouhaSlLe 

un proapt rehblioaearent . 3 'esy'ere gu'apres votre aaladie, 

'yous pourrea, vovs reposer ton PS~U. 

&our le noneat, 3+ monad va oms il peut, d*ailleurs 

On mappose que cala as x~prodotfm pSlu8iPiettrs feis eneo;ra.

(~lipying froa newspaper - nase of psser not given) 

son rtajour dpnsnotm villr. I1 @=it notirk cette de~lands 

dllci a la fin fthier.

Telegram from ~alestine signed "Loria* asking a7 intervention 

to aecm s8a.iigratian af torits, sedar, 'Cyour DpLnsig angl* 

pa~kner" (3) frea garsaw, 1 remmtber meeting hZat and dib't 

he ~ 5 Jewish* ~ 8 fie got into solss tsoubXe st a bgrth- party 

where they sang 'the &iz. of B~rs.t; Reseel ued to di-Hf tZ@r 

wards and a neiglbour had his ear at tbe keyhole3 

&U.a;absth ti&e#nann, author of uUnclelaclare& WarH etc*, tamed 

ug. 3fsrvenat sgen her since 3anaPg., After seeing lae them, asbu 

rais #grilledn for six hours by the Gestapo on her return through 

3exLih. 11; was the the 3.936 when the Nsois ners sat for my 

bl oode 

I gave her a Zmc'hwnt said 3 certafnly ore& it ta 

sar &st bad gone to griaoa for aeL 

Beman Rauibelnnirig bras had o great aaccetsrs with his book, 

A record of his conraraations rith'~.~. rhile in MB 

Shocking. If f 8idn't 3uPon ;Re far a solid, reliable sari, 

I'd wsgrect ezaggeraffon and propaganda. 

It has nsr been banned in Swita;erTaad, but nearly everyone 

bas already read it ernd the Custoas admitted thoumeds mare b3.f- 

an-hour basfore the 'ban 'became effective. 

En Bu~harelpt, the Geman Legation keg* bw.ing all available 

co2ierr and the booksellers hrtd a good tf~s.

I went home for Chrietrm~a (1939) and the journey sas s vary 

trysag aae, espeei~lXy as 3: hs8 Been Za&d up with ta~si3,ftfs* 

3 left om e Ekmday night, in camprry with the IIilZs and, tryjtng 

t~ reach Dublin in the q~ickeet sway, go* them on Thursday 

eudd 'be aaught that day, 'but as there.rras uncertrtinty cbou.f; the 

times of aailiw, I went to Calais, The train took two hours 

Ioqpr thaaf usual, but otbepvise quits ustersatftrl. Sims of ~lau 

rere not ou%stsn4ing. Porters were scares and b1f-s-dutsn it98 

Cr~ss tna.fn,s xmfiee% 3s the sidAngs of mall s*atlone near 

fhe ool~st~ Wts ha8 fc, stoLg %a a rather grubby hotel ua %he piem 

at Cslais. The black--.ti wars too copaplete. %-en% in a taxi f~ 

the restauraat Au Faisan Gr5s where sm %=ellent &inner @oat 3U 

~ZVU~CS* 

A gun *&a me %a the morddn$$ the hotel porter had r 

tb5 timy had hait frequilnt 8 1 ~ for ~ s Carraaa ~Srgl-~) but that 

no bmbrs bdsd been tkmpped, I lo&eii out over the grey dunes -4 

searched t b sis%y ses +ithmt seeing abny ~slsort for the 

oocasiom3 gun;f*im, Psshrtps it was a s 5 p L The Preach so~tey 

contml was ratbar et;rfct, bat occasiug.ed no rsPaf %ruublsl Tft% 

ah6;1, was s firrp thing, usua1l;g on the Southarnptan mdca to SWHB 

of the fsl;asrdbc, and b l F tlm pEcse3angers rurs officers and men 

going 0x1 leave. I11 ha8 te rssx Zi$ebelfs. Tbare =a no escort 

and the 3aurneg took frora 1.39 P+P. ti11 4.45 ahen me arrived at 

Fultestone. As we nebstred the hrarbaar, we apparently passed er

ottle-aerctk where them was tit nsr~al ~oatrol$ bZf--desen shi,ps, 

ef sT-3, sises, drew slurly UP qGj~ f;wo st6813 lightships ~~~&ing the 

passam between nln&f ields. 

Zondorn, where aa a~ri~lt4d a* "J,30 was like ia aightaara oprvem, 

pitch-black, eth plenty sf aoiaae of cars an$ buses and 

sciotil3ating wf tb sgsrks af light+ PeopLe orosoed the rods 

with sen eleetrZc torch spotf5q the paveaent &ad hogfng that 

mfnutsa dun& P went %Q a maall botal near %he brble Arch, too 

lato for the night onail a d eua late for %he faseparf Office tobich 

ismma pernits far travel to Ireland, The bra&-out wars 

erceed-12,y depressing, but I was told %8af it laas qrrsts Sntsrasat- 

f#g ochan there rars meionlig.h2, The fellowing noraing the Pastspout 

popliar were helpful and ern plenaits ira% @nee, also for the mturlt 

Zo ~ m ~ e I , put fn the Uy by ahopgiag a d aalliag ern ~'3.tknQ, 

arho f,unoh'eB aas at; We dtheaarsuat, 

'S!he~o were no sleepera urr tbs train to EolgheradL ail X mt an 

amlisr one ~hich srrived soaa sftar a9dnight. X was Xluclky kd get 

leff abw* 4 a,nt Dwilaogha&rro about 9 a,n+ a d Uafe and the 

girls wagting for me sith %heir new car, lie aecided to go 

waa~ agrsbst up and a deeg fog ~o.rrtrred the is2t;rad ikon ~oaat ts 

. croast, togs thar ritb frost. Onions, lemons, brsndy (intended 

for the pLm pudbing) and s packet of salt failed ts keep ths

.rafndscre~n cleaxl. fik".e Bid but 15 gfLerr tap hour. At Galmy 

took tea raad when we lefi it wsr dark, That nrss worse than s vr 

for the fog inoreassd aad w crawled the 17 miles to Onghterard, 

rith the windscreten oybn, fn an hour and three-quarters. It 

wrs nervy p2ng and we stopped at Swiner3s hotel - 30 mile8 frat 

home. Lmon PU~CB and 1?18oky bedrums. The next day the froas 

srnd fig cleared Itea raifes frat CXiftken, but we were @ad we had 

set attemptad that run aver the bag ruts&. 

A goad reek*s rest; 65% Axdragh, the watbes so-so, Chxistaaa 

norniag w walked uvrar the bog fo tough Fa&&&, A skfm ~f ice 

dovered i.t, but the wn shone snd we at for a couple of how8 on 

a twf lw& by the sbs&. OUT ~'ilrtm journey was daub %n 7 sr 

8 heus sxrd Z aettlea doan $0 three daysC hard 8fa;rk in Publia. 

Viait So &den, DcmPaSans; Office, 5.a Saau8q on rekm 

gournpag, Qne letad s b1f krs at hrt not2~e. 

Piscussions on fre2anQ. 

Eend9ag executfons Bimirt,gh&sa. 

Bevonshirel s a.tt%itude. 

Beutmlity - negatSve - no c~mplaiat~* 

lrf ah .union. 

(We nets later) 

- Germany and future "We - must fb& a war 09 living tugetbez 

-ifi E'usoP%**

I '1~bb~ so depressed tkfe past reek that 3 Zhougbt of trying 

to JoSn nogte wmy* Soraethea it 2s an easy XEL~ of gPvfng tag 

cares. But Z feel a b%t batter thia lalorning, so have posfponed 

the milStary life. f was siak for ten d ap irftos my return, 

but aan taking care esnd have ref~s~d s sug~estion t-2; 1 &ould go 

to the mountains. Euch hiproved now. 

-*------------e"*- 

Zt ie not to be expected that B*@sG, aould enter at prereent 

on ~ng &ady of the details or even of the genersl Zrrunam* of 

past-war organiaation the politial f ialB. 'PPte maknown 

fercfors msr too may and tm %mpartant for thite. 

bmamfnhf better ~eeoggised as t he goes on* fPhrs kriae Btiinistecrhn 

Past rsprzsch undoubP;et%Py aom explfeit abut war and peace 

ah18 %has rere earlier ones. Z concXuds from th%@ that H,LG. 

now ertttmh@s isportancrab to this gueatba frora the psfnt of vZesr 

of the effic5enf prosecution of the roittr. Z think they rare: right, 

and that what they say about it my affect favourable or atherwDse 

the will to wig in this cauntq, in the Zmgire, as% %n Fxw~~o, and, 

~oauarssl~, in Soxz~~w zlco, Zt WZjr zlzo inezcaze or re+gce the

lthe desire of non-'belligerent natforis la Gemany defea.t;ied. 

Swing the matter Pn this light we may perhaps Uasc~an*t the 

obse~vtrtion occaslanallLy heard, that owr leaders are too busy 

get%- on with the ar to be abX8 to spend tbe tM~&%ag about 

goat-rar pmblsmre, But %bere still mmha the iiifficuZty 

referred to above, wely the impo~sibi~ity of caPculsZing the 

probable faats of the -la situation when the war snds and new 

aecisions ~ a to ~ INS e fttc;re&, T~@S~E IS 80 ~letetd to bry bre to 

recapitula%% the vatria~s tinknown f~ctorrt rith premrit, or should 

prevent, psople in resganoible goeitiuns from attempting t~ 

define the organisation which we nhou3.d ceek to establish* It 

Zs beeter, &a these cbrcuastaaces, not even 4s ape& of the re- 

building of the League; but ft i8 st521 Isss poaaib3.e Zo ccm~~it 

uu~selrtea ta the tag go^ of wa2t~~~tf~'8 8yat-1~~ even wder 

- ambiguous nmos or in sbbr~r fomas Federal Union, Pedaration 

ctf Zurope, some new s~atea grows by a groceels af aoamfion zmtmd 

our present unity rith Prance. (I have put the word ealteraatlrsD 

3.a 5?rrv%rted comas becrttlss f believe that if the fiovernrstent~ evar 

begin to tr;tr to put these ldrass to the yractioal test, ire. to 

fo~u2altat thela in a Treaty 6n vhi~h B large nuxnber of States would 

wsrilPiag1y pezticipate, they wiZS inevitably find Zhe~selves 

wo~kiag on Xinea *hie% are subettvrtially the same r r ~ those of the 

Covenarnf of $he ~eague), 

On %he sthsr hen&, %hare i s nothing ta prevent us from

aeabering the pwpoasec we hrrm h aitld in dfe~ua~irig th9s aattm* 

i,e. a %gux?ia%e, I eqgpb~t tbt tBa two main principles on 

which emphasis should be laid are t 

1. 2ha peaceful. ssttleuent of dfaputes 

md P F B V ~ ~ ~ of L O w~ ma~f~~j 

2, Ths Slayrovment of the individual 

standard of liv-. 

3% snust be recognisted that for each of these yurposea 

is necssssry to sblt and declare that in Both case8 there sue* 

be much mom effectim intenurtional eo-oyarstion than eristed 

befewt the w&r, aad tbt the WitSsh Ahpfre &rt particular wi3.X ber 

wsscrifioes"%.n fact they rill be no spcr2ficcs at all to th. 

nation ace a sfiole) than we were rillhqg fu do bef~re the 

on th. paytic%grtion of others, I thinlr it muld be himy 

desirable to rruake plain %bat a% da not expect er~esctly the wmo 

t3ngqea%ntrs %0 be taken by weak aatianas as by strong ones. Ia 

Lhefr yreseat mood %he smaller ij,'urogea9 poasra would see no 

attractien 431 thcb prmise rsf a systea Zn oPhflch they wou3.d bs 

expected to take immedXa%e rSsrks* Xa lg%p they -re 2ead.y and

will3.ag to clLo so, but %hs w3thdraral of the United SWtes a d 

srnbeequ8a.tly the comhaf aS the more ytrrerRrl members crf the 

League changed all that8 oalg a frersh growth of conffdsnciir can 

restore bt and thia w ill no% be achieved b,y wrCss If AS 'fiere 

that AngIo-Prrsnch feaaer8hip my truly be fbs nucleus .of a ner 

order, if it means Peadershtp In willingness to take risks in 

the c-oxn interest, 

We are certainlr aalezc entitled ta seneabor that the 

yossibilitZes of effeetj-\re work vnder both heads trill be vftally 

affected b$ the attitude of that United States. ft would be 

abviotwLy unwise to say this In public, axid there ts, f supps-e, 

no &anger df any responsible Ministar acing so. But in 

cronfidmtia3, talks .the p obt ought to be put in the forraf%an%t.j 

and if th5s is to be possible 1% neaxlrr that we inust be rea~~'t92y 

clear 3.a our minhs what we a2e ourselves @repared, ff ~easib3.9, 

nil1 mtgefy their conscieadlre by offering to taka a Large ekm 

iP the matetrial sfde of rwanstmctl.onI I BelbeGe Ot rould 

rs, very ~hort-sPgh%ed psli~y fndeed rJa the part of the Allies to 

give the slightest mxnxra 

material restoratitm of &%rope will be sf 1it;tZe use if %he 

- 

countries concerned are to be ~tfll in the mod of 1936-1939 

each hog* to keep out of trouble sand looking fie o.t;her way rben 

trouble oacars that ib~ not d2rect:y threaten it, 

he fact that these problenro nust be already include4 in

ccamanm on the idea tihat H~iatsss atare taa busy with the mr 

to think OP the 20Ot-ww orgausi~~tio~)~ 

It is not, of cozarse, suggests8 that we ahsuld invite the 

f;fnZte& Sbters to d;o w2mt ba.th't;he pea% ipaxtiss were fully 

rasolved to do in 1918 - what the Senrrte itself was rea* by e 

peat ~eajority to do in 3920 when 3ha iie$ublican reaervationa to the Covenant were r~ jec2;sd by i rssfdeak lYiPsm, But opinion 3.n 

fiibBB Cdttl 8a098 f&P3G I% a;lh~u'id mm31~ be BIOB~ f00zf~b if W8 

keeg with others the ~orld@si peace is nsceswwfly anrd for ever 

wx~.alt;tainablet and sf3 have surely tfis right and dutr to pubt 

out fbt, when the tim oolhses, the her2can attitub wL11 deegay 

affect orrr own possi;ribflifiess 

Aa regartla the ~ethbil, we. cstlld utSPf se very sf fmtively 

16th~ ead (2) the vary bportmt psessge in the E.ope*s Chris-. 

message IEP~QU~ inte~+~~ti~3, ~r@ssfPona lkr tbe tna5atenasce 

of peace - in VMG~ he spenkila of the builditrg anew, ar restarre- 

tPon, of such orgai9ationsi;g of the heavy responsibilities they 

have oaxried and 'the gmve dd fff culties %bey have sets and the 

need to learn from the lessuns of %he pas*. 

3 venture to think that ht preaenlaltion of our "peace alasm 

on %hem lines - not forgettfng those which bave alreatly besa 

declared, Irteludinl; Hikiea=snt", whiah can never came without 

cz; gff~~tgvt: =rgaisezt;i=r: far gesca - ~crrrld, be a cone%de~ablltl

a&mn~ie on ~taything which has yet bees stated3 t3m.t this ~r&~aaca 

rouZd involve no rEsk, nlor raise c?lff'ficuZti%s w$th ths FT~neh,, 

siacte it dosa not caaaait us to any om form of organirer%%ian to 

the sxalusion sf others: and +Bat .it muPd be rsi useM step f m 

the poltnt of vSew of nezat~l opinim, mi% a sound barrsi~ for 

aonverrirartion with the Unitlrsd States, 

And, af course, we nust never alloar fhe Mnon-bell%gerentow 

to forget that anfr international organisation for the cornman 

bsaefft depends fhst un an% condition, na~islg the vic%oq of tk 

Allies. 

As regards the League of Rations, I *oc;d only say thf~r 1. 

twmut tell hor muah of the Covenant syatem we nzr than -t, or 

be able, to salntrrfn, altex or .'seray. It may even be posnlble, 

~ ~ e6s l+#,hat y say arema at the rnoaent, to fiad again the 

meatire enera of 19l6-19l3, when Genera3 SPuts oould aapt "I 

balfeve t?ie sarPd is now r&pe for the greefeert sdvanoe ;in lamma 

gommat in tho histoq of rsankindaaa In m3 ease, it is 

g~eestly to be baed that neiSber in its &cl&z"ations, it8 

nergotistPon@ or even its intamel cos~ictias, will H,?i,E, 

preimZwely decide to abandon either im Cowenern% itself or %he 

~etrious furma of mich5aery PSLIC~ have $s0m up f o ib ~ exeeutioa* 

They-bve at least .the aterit of existing, md @;it;pesionce knows 

b w axeat would be the difff cult iea in drawing us a new agreement 

to take their plats, That difficulty nix1 crsstafnly be much

iaareased 55 it is decided to @$art 'tr$ sattliag the pease terrnns 

in the narrower sense, and only after that begis to seek agregliilat 

in internationsal ergsmir%ortion, TQ laabtain $be& far the time 

bdng should, 1 think, b no mibamsslgsnf; they so longer in-1- 

politicel implications, save in so far ae Shep represent - aad 

slpe mitgarded by Gemmy arpl reyreosntlng - ;a certain degree aS 

camon Interest between aurse3vtes 836 some two-score neutral Sbteas. 

Sa te~1kLrPng to the United Stetea I: am conv5ncsd that it is a saietab 

to treat our mlsnrbersbgg of the League as a wstter a t 

has loat 

a1 fnt~re~t t~ UB. At t b worst) ~ it is is barg8fntng ear48 at 

the beat, it m y be ssmgetU9g imensely more* 

that %he axistfng Lsa,grrs sachiaery ought, for the present, ts lm 

preserved so far ss passS2,1e, fhfs implies far E.P,G. not mere23 

S;bt %hey ethou'ld do not* t~ destroy it bat that %hey shoulia do 

rhaf they iolan %a ra. gosfdive sense to kee2 1% woskingg parZicuZat 

thaQI they should encow the haldina; of 1sest5niys of Leame 

Committees, a d take past in them as full as p-rossible and vith %he 

best posaibxe ~spresantativrrrs~

Bear Er* tester, 

Pamd'2se Cdtt sge* WtGkZsbury (7) 

Zkrkaa 

8th Agril, 194. 

It vs8 pleasant to get that friendly note from a p ~pn I 

have met much leas often than I could ajslh. 

They were all very a5ce to me at the University, esyecially 

%in Eao Reill premfing me to the Chewncellrsr (with his gown 

wrong eidP, out), And ay urn crsft gave me en bonorifia d-i~llltm 

when the French &inisiter, %landell reed a paper in the thorough 

&.each acaheglic style - %WO days soXib work in it, I shoul& say, 

Eowevsrl he said saaaeone had sent h b my book, "In Emioe ~f 

- &v.a~ors~, long befors he thought of BublPn and bad 2aed it a8 

1 do* 

If you ever reach ts Bai'Pey, do say fhiags to N. Fmo3-liat 

They lied to you about me at SlpSddaPI I've ffshed that 

- enchanting river half e dozen Zbes and on3y once got a fi~h aaQ 

rr runall one at thatt The case day another aan on the sane bank 

got four, which made nte feel the rrdvance of years - for I chucked 

it, getting % i~ed 1~3th ~limbixig @tone m%lls. 

Bow Z live and sork 5.n s friertdga garden= conld get and 

fish the best bit of the Test any the - and thW the 80-g toe 

much trouble. But I can't com~lsiri at 76, with the obituaries 

full of sag' younger contemporaries. sot that I hrive any special 

wish to keep going ant bat it is ;oo& to hove the use of one's 

limb8 whgfle one is hem and nine can still split wood, etc. 

405

Bensiger, the Swiss Eknister, gave me good Tnine de ches 

lui, not far frda Geneva, I wonder if any of the 1821 rime is 

still to be had in the Canton de Vaud and Nsuchatiel, I spent 

six months In %be Valley of the Woie at Luce~ - more tkrarn f'iftJr 

years ago and dranlc mmy ordiaarires that were not bad* 

Wgth reneweel tknk~, 

Yours sincerely9 

(signed) Stephen D-. 

'SBhPlt o world, Your: frien4~ the Pales certainly plab a mess 

bf their sf fairs, Zf only the3 and the Cseche could have wrorked 

fagathes instead of ruutuallx grabbing,

Avenul haer. been &a Geneva &wing %he past .are& and asked 

CbtiLrron to go and see hha at the Iiutsl Comevin. fi9 bad mitt- 

a longSPah sasporsrrBus rbich ha asked Ckrron to read. Chamozi 

*oak the d0~*33l%Zlt hose with hgB?l ~tnd f~uad it m8 eL !3@~f18 of 

oonsiderralfons and arguments to the effect that the mture sf' 

Remme lay $a cr'3oara atwpsratfsn with %he Germans, that her 

in.test~st would be bass served 'by that and quot5n.g a f ew of the 

earlier prunfaere of variaua kinds to France. %hen he h& read 

it, Cbsrren m e 

to fhe c~onolusBon it ogts 1~0; 1prMersss and 

based odg M santicgpatt;ion tbt ~e31~lzmy ~e~lii 13% \+i C~QS~UPS i~ 

%he war, 

Bvenol propose8 ts srrtnd this docurrtenL to Uncha3i Febb 

sad a&%& S~~PTOP Us op53~%43o.~ Charran, rrhQ krPd brought it 

hma to read, sbove& it also to Tylsr, vho e-s to the 

ccmclusloa that &t rae not in %he sXQghts#k degrea rta obJect%tter 

duca@ntt %hat 33; $oak tnto consideration neftber titec gaaesibi1itj 

ef a a?ealemate, nor the pu~zs9biIitp af an A.nglo-berioaa oiokozy, 

C m o n amid this to Aveaul sho got rory angry,, espalalZy whea 

it =a pointed ouf to hisl that be (bvenol) lraa had a mwttb3.n 

pefjritioa &a the m~ld and that the 80mest, whiah was not at a11 

objective arzd based upon as cetrstoticmsl. sati-English am% American 

feelisg, would be iimgeruus, e8slyecialZy 9f it got into the hands 

of the few 3e~pls in Vllchy who felt~porari'ly bold power and who have 

vary lbf ted e%periancrer and ce very smlP knowledge of the wor2d.

nrade to hi. L mnth or SO ago thst in ~una/~uly 1940 Areno1 hsd 

been prepared te put hberelf and the insfPtution of which ha m~s 

the chief, st the disposal of the Germans and Italians. He h4 

ewreesed Borne sceptieiaa, although I had quoted statements by 

Avenal to myaolf persctnelly and others, and drawn attentfun to 

his BC~~ORS. Shbkrz-on now says that he hat3 reached the conclusiaa 

the f muat hat- been rigb*, 

l' asked Charroa if he therui;;ht tbt Awn01 had shown the 

document also to'&. Krauel, ox other Gemwin sources, but ha said 

he &id not know; that f t OS& not aralosmn irngosnible. 

h~snol lunched dkh the Bvusquins the day Cbarron nref 

but expressed his d5sgust aa he sarfd he had found they ress 

entirely mgro-3rftfsb*. 

"ilsr, said to Charron ths% if Avenbl believed, a8 he had 

written, %hat the Geman vfctory was certain an& .that &.-car 

vould, in %$art case, rsaeivrr gaod trwtiaent, the Pugha1 CQ~CZRS~ 

to be &awn from hfs ducment wouUi bet that all rsf &anca*r?r 

re~m2ning ewer should be thrown into the battle on tr, Gs- 

aide, ilicl ding railitrrry and naval power* Charson replied that 

that a3ght *ell be a conclusion to an3? one reading the paper, 

but while it advorsated helping Gemmr and had varfotas 

nconeidLrstionsw leading up to nilitsry yurticl-tion, that m e not 

speacifically stated,

mjor General iu~thur Cecil. Tenperlsy, lrho had a distin~,ruished 

war record &nd for several years mate on rrailitery subjects, died 

at his home near Beaeonsffeld resterb by. He was at Cambridge in 

P877 and e&ucatsd at Skierborne School and Queensy College, 

Cmbridge. His father) %nest Temperley, a .Fellow and tutor 

of c;lueees8, and his younger brother R8rold also becase a Cimbridg@ 

don, and wrote among other bo~ks a history of the P-esce Conferexwe, 

fn prhich he took part, Leaving Cr;~Bridge Zn l5)OG, Tepcgerley took 

a comisafon In the EorthwberXand f(ksiliess, with which he served 

throughout the South African Par. He was next on actlve se-ce 

in 3.908, den an officer OF %he Horfcalk Msgianent he fought 

throwh );he Xoband capaig~ on the rx-idian Frontier. 

officer in Mew Zealand far a year when the world war been. Be 

was at once recal%e& to London and served in France, Gallipolft 

and hlestina, where he ra~ chief of etaff to the 60th ondo don) 

Division, lie oilas aentioriad in dispatches eight tfnaes, awarded 

the D,S,O. and C.B.G., and proaoted lieufenant colonel. For ten 

years from 1925 Tesgerley ants fhe British rnilitary reprasentatim 

at the Lsaw of Nations, an$ ha also held at the kar Office the 

goat of 3eguty Director of M115taflrgr 0pera.tians and Intelligence, 

He served as head of the ailitary section of the British delemtion

to the D%sammsnt Conference. Betiring in 1935 w ith the rank 

of majsr general, he became ~flitiarg correspondent of the bonBon 

fl%llg TelegraphH, a poet he hela util last year.

es to yrfceo. 

Thanks for the Pine List - very illuminating 

Kere~bth copies of poertis, 

I .Eh%& I shall aZway8 rentember 

rou, Hwbert, 

With your haad turned si8e~y8 

a Pi.ttlrs and your eyes 

hated and daesled Iby sms vis5on 

of uaguessed beseutr, 

- Like a boy Xookirig exat of a 

window at astonishing skies, 

You rere always Zookirtg: out of the 

window, Bmbexf, 

Folllow%ty3 r@u;z, dream%, seektag 

remoter @tars, 

kenrtering on pfty, gent1 ensss and 

COUT~e, 

On high rmaace, on wounds, an 

love's old acasst

I,ilac in rain, the swallors* mall 

ery rat sunlBet, 

ksris in bay, - the tall A126 in June. 

Leaves like green flsses, old beech 

Zrses tugging and - straining 

In aut~l~ storrs a lonely fiddler's 

tune : 

The lover l0.t the harlot, the might 

in the clown, 

Smn God in the devil* ad evew 

woEan*b face 

%!he proud of the cheek 

%hat Helsn ware, 

lrrd Psycho mad DephPa aad thc old 

queens of grace-, 

Out af your rfadar, guu saw a rinsn, 

not ngsbag, 

Igot &ulled asd sXon, Put sn eager 

tip-toe bay 

Pilbd like a &%SW y&eht*ms saiZ with 

the wfnils of f he morning 

Course aet for i?arad%se* for the 

tall towrrs of Troy. 

YDI~ e~res rere g..s to see, and they 

-1 bm~t~~, 

Your mars hmrd susic silweriw 

the trir, 

Ysur hart knew w b t PS~ may kww of 

love or friendship, 

Of talk., of L c u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~f Bpatience I F ~ 

.in despair. 

Wer will ssesL of you as the bFil'lisnt 

civil selrv9nt, 

%%so, cell and witty, steady in 

brafn and goner. 

fkrt I shall rf~lg&mbsr the dreaming 

bay at Bradford 

Looking out af Bia arPndos to 

hside r?!d Rmbald's % l ~ ~ ~ .

(International Labour Uf f ice, ~enava) 

The fugitive spirit of an, that seeks insu~anoo 

against tbe slohess %hat sasailo kilpi pride9 

mounts up and fZads, beyund the Past endu-taarce 

tWt dark Convention Cod has rertified* 

Our an5ninuzp wage UPOR t bt shining gay-daj. 

in the high mtaadors undar the D ents &U Zid5 

the flowers have fraadua to asaocfa2e. 

. And we will watch the sun, the argent chisri.t;p 

of hio bright snbsti&ute, the soon, withdram, 

be briags the, gold aweabent of the dawn. 

L

X ~$11. asy this to youj Ireland. The 

Bigh King CucbZLaSP 

fought wSth his oon, and slew hira, 

and the wave8 of the sea, 

dm-g from the Western IaZands, 

swept over him, 

and the Etorrow is Tn the c-v of the 

ourleas unceacing1y+ 

A~rd Deirdre bt waa LEE Eeir as na3.sn 

and as broken, 

where is she now wve in the SQB~S 

go %v- 

&err they drive * sheep home, an& 

my be a boy rmtsnrbera 

bow 43atb hfgself for 3.0~43 of h3r 

was d~rPng* 

As6 the old saints, Ireland, that 

brought the Boly Water, 

and ausixltad the frrinf~n till ft 

aaemed %h#&% .the only sward 

in the thole &won l=? aaa high 

snd bright and ugkifted 

5n the sbye of a Cross Sa the kmsd 

of the arioen Lord* 

XL is long since the kings and %he far 

gale ro~eh%&a of D e i s h 

it is long since the Saints and the 

two fingers ooaseoralfng 

the land of the aiaf a and the curlews 

with love Sranacsndi~g 

the love of women, Irzland, why 

am you hat*?

Bhy are YOU hating? Rot all the 

wrongs; of the world 

as3 anutt@h ta redem the sword in 

its inazuriw;ble 10~s. 

Look ta the f slands, Look to the 

seas beyond thew, 

and Tat the hilt of your sword spin 

be the hflt of the Groos.

Char Zonsieur Lesttsr, 

Au roment de quittar iiGfinitivement, je tions A vous din 

col~bisn d'ai aggrdoid en vous touten les 4ualitks qui vons rendmt 

dass 14acconiyl%s-ent de voa hauter; fonctiono k La 50ci;ti dss 

Nations, un ani si eetin; at 8% SW de tous ceux gui ria~snt en 

coatact officiel avec ceete de:rni&e. 

%*QUS connais~ez bica nes convictions et je stzis heureux garcse 

pu nous ayone la is&e foi et les ~ifnes aolls. 

oonrairzcu * 

Yuus vsxres puo nos iddaux triwpk~ez~ont, j'en 6ufa f0m~m~~lt 

36 sea2 qntun regret - aa&s v5f - celni de P* i2&s mir 

a-% non d6g-t Hahe Leetar pour prsnder co& dt ell.. 

3c vona prierai de lai @re/swter me8 bmnages st mea meux 

s~cbrss pour le bonhaur de toute votre faaiille. 

Yauillee croirs, cher lion~iaur Lester, a mes seatimenta tris 

d6vou;s et -;er l'assuranco de ma baute considdration. 

Monsieur S. Lester, 

Seeretaire ~in&xal Ad joint 

de la ~oci&%& &es Bstiona, 

Genbve ,

dea~ Scan, 

1: aas indeed vex$ jploased with your apgreciatiuer car&+ 

it i s undoubtedly nore ylaasant to leern that onerss efforte 

do create favoumble reaotfons - and prrrtcioularly in Gt?aevat!?JZ 

Best w&&eat an& thanks indeed for r ow extreme kdadne~r~, 

Yours sincerelyJ 

F*Re H5gg5nrs. 

Had sent E. a card ao~~~1atiz1g h-

'Phere follows here a Leagos Rations &ublictrtion, vfst 

Serise of Zcasgus sf Biati~as kubzieeticms 

YII. POLITICAL 

1940. VIX* 1,

Ths gay of the Aggressor. 

arch 15* G e m alulexes ~ &herds a d Eoxavia, President bob, invited to Berlfn, has spent the whole night oonfsrring W%von 

XiiBbentrop tnd Hitler, an& at Ps~t has signed under t m f ~ 

the agreement undss which the two provSnclga accept Gelrmsn 

*l&r~ t ection + 

Wrch 3.C. Germany talker; Slovakia under her *protectionw. 

31~11gp-y esrtdrliaktezs a ccoraon frontier w3 th Poland by incurptmat- 

in& rb~&~t%a. 

Wrch 3.7. Sir Etitvile SIen&srsont f3rPtish Ambassator in Berlin, 

reealled to report, Tbe kriae Hinieter speaks at IlfrzaSagrhsn, 

&mmunrriplg the end of %be 18~an%cb polifcg and wpyx~ing th8 GfmzUul 

Cbncellar that a y attempt to donrinriLfe the .rrrarlB. bg. farce w&lX 

be resfstetl by Grerrt Britain te the utatost of her power. 

Srezfplne; Geman eeonmiic deakanaa oa Ehuowila are ~sparted* 

Wimh 28. G e m Foreign Office Gasstte warns iJoland of ths 

consequences of #anti-Ceman agitsti~n.~ Geman afi-kolia;b 

irisse caapaigr begins. 

At abut tbfs tbs'8ltlsr is known to have made hSs ng@nerous 

offer" to ~~lrmd - a aer guartmtiee of her fsoat5ers in retura for

T).;sualrrSg and a route omr the Colridor. 

March 29. M. Daledier, the French &rise ldiairjter, repleas fo 

PussoIPni. Pmmce, he says, is ready far ELPI xoasuaablrs 

nrsgot%atians, but wiXl y%eld noas of her right@. 

Idarch 31r U* C~wtabctrla5.n amounces Jn rarli8aient that She, 

event of any act ion which clearly threatened Polish irrdeprtndencre, 

and which %he 509fsfi pvmmaent acecrdingly considered it vital 

to resiet wrth their nsttPtllaa1 fo~ocs, Hia &ajestyQ EBommaat 

would feel th@la~el~ef# bound. at .one@ to lend the kalPerh Covesaoent 

all ltliuggort bn thetr po~rer,'~ 

SlovehL-Hungarian barher disputes settled. 

April 3. Colonel Beck in London. 

April 7, fblx seises PJbanis, britafn and kolsnd mtWL1 

pledges. 

April 9, The Lope's Water hontily on the Zaet mlue of pl@Qes. 

4 0. British Cab$.net meets on aster Eundayt karzisnent 

recalled. 

April 13. British guarantees t o '.reece and Bwitanta aamourtced 

ia kar_lishssea.t;. 

ApriX 14+ First BritSsh ex~hange~ ~5th Russia, 

Apz=.fl 16. &tlaAdent .l%sae'direl.t a&s Ifftler a d %ussrsliai f m s 

20-years netsmancc that they ell not attack izidepmiieat 

nations. 

AprfP 17, U,$, Fleet conceatrated in tf?~ f-ilcific, 

Aprhl 27. Conscrip f ion introduced in Great Britsin, 

Aprfl 28, Hitler Sri the Refchstszg dcactmces the AngIo-Geman 

Maval Agreement and %he Treat$ of I90n-Aifsgressian with ~olsnd,

Nay 2, Geman non-aggression offer to Northern States. 

Uy 3. X. Lltvinoff resigns. 

Mar 5* CaloaeS. Beck aepSPes to Bitlerr - Eolmil dllSng to Jo%n 

%a cunvraraafiona with Germany if she were preywed to proceed 

by peaceable methods, 

Esy 12, Speeches by the i.rhia 3&i;in&ete~rscjf Creat Britain d 

_slr&gtej the two comtries* ~esol.m, 

British defensive qpeersle~t with T~rkey. 

my PS, 

Hitler tours the western fortificaltions, 

&by 16. Von Pagexi rccallsd fras Turkey, 

%a;y 22, Xtalo-German pact signed %n Berlia. 

lay 26, Final &aft of Bri%is$ p ~osala sent to ~osscoop. 

32, I%* Ecilotoff sddressas .the Soviet Parlbafnsntt EUX 

mibi@our, speech* 

June 7. Geman nun-aggression pets #h La$ria arid Sstanb isignra8. 

June 13, W, Skrang arsi~erz in Blloscaw to assis% the Aaglo* 

Russian segotltct$uns. 

June 23. fi~pzce PS& Turkey sign defence pacto 

June 28, First stitrioue~ news of ail% tary preptarat ions 3.n D~~nelg~ . 

British nienorandulla to I;emanr on the deriunciatfon of the Ikvra3. 

Trerat;y* 

June 29. Lard %3S5ax's speech at Chatban iiuuse - the dud $isoTioy. 

lJolish Festival at Gdpia; President on the hpostanoe of 

*be usrrirfor~

July 

British Lda,bw agpeal fo Goman peopLsl 

Presideat Ros~svalt defeated on ro'eutml9ty legislsrtfon. 

July 6, Increased British credits %r -aranteed Powers, 

July 19. b. Chasberlainl in karliarnenf rer-aff-s British 

to 1 oIaI%de 

july 21. Official afet~ent iB Gerrasny: 'Te l-eject 100 par @eat, 

the ides of s war-like ~alution to the Daneig prsblerasrsj 

July 25, Znroposal t Q send 3ritish and French atilitsry ~nisaPorrs 

to ~EISSQ. 

Aug. 3. CuerLoms friction in hnaig becanes aoute. 

Aug. 4. hrlimaent rises* with the Prise Yini~ter*~ promi~t~) 

flrat it would be recalled if army cUg0 of policy latrs f@utd 

necessary. 

kug, 5, 

British and Frtsnch ai'iitaxy aissions Zeava for %iioscorl 

Ang.13. Hitler sees CPano and the League anrig Comafsaianer a$ 

Bezchtesgaden, Uam in Hu3y,wy. 

~~g.56, Gomart ~SBII~ w w o&Ilfa fox amexation of the Corridor. 

A~g.18~ Cutburst of a f~ll-bXooderi Gexsen ijrea:~ cm2a%gn sga~in~rt 

Poland, Gemam troops sent to Slovakia, ffua@rft~l Forelm 

~3,nister vf sits &meI 

Aug,1YS 

~oyets ayyszl for the i.lresexvation of ~orlci geaee. 

Auge2f. Hr. Cbanberlairr returns to London. 

German-an mm-aggronsion &act anmunosd. 

zTlltav 2repwatlionb; b9gf G * 

Final German

Aug. 22. British Cabinet decide that a Gem--Soviet dacf of 

non-aggruosion would "h nr, affect our oblf&atfsna to 

r.oland* 

Aug. 23, Tlon Bibbentre# sign@ the 2iact ;Ln Eoarcorr, British 

Gorermeat erend sess%age to PIikXer reaf rimif ng their determtination 

to stand by kolaad, 

&reeideat &oosevelf apggafs for ~tdlran efforts to sarm 

peaue, and gsta s ~gmopsthetio regly froan King Victor ~innuel. 

King Leopyold ahpealar for peace on behalf of the Oslo yovers 

and thra 210~~ 58 =ele~~ledL 'Ply the anZS-ikggressssisn nations. 

Aug~ 24. Werr Fo~ater gssclahs h%aseLf Bead of the State of 

Z)snsig. Pa~Xisestsnt meets fo yam &erg@ncr Act. itresident 

Rooseve1.l; apyeals to Gemmay and I ~ZsJad to subnit theis dispute 

to peac+e"trl nsgatiatfunr kcrlarnd mcegto. The i opra nakatrs an 

appeal for perrcm. Lord Iialifiax add,rmssser the BrStislh natSori 

by wi-relaslsr upon 9ta dutiea in the mergenog. 

Aug* 25. Jayan &&opts new fore* golicy, virtwlly breaking 

from the ArzGi-Co8~hCeral~ I-str=t, There Ease increasing raZgns of s 

prospsctL~er Bungtriaa and Sgaai~h nmtrality. Turkey affim~ 

her 1 ~ 3 w to the P T ~ n t r 

Bitler &vea Sir Ikvlle Hendss~an a written mmunJiostiua, 

alaphasf sinlg U s demnds QXT Poland and dwell^ on the proe2rscfa 

of AngZo-Ceumsn oo-opere~tioa. d &ailar slessage is 35-a to 

the heaah AIDiUjr~md~r, 

Aug. 26. BrStish Qovana~mt ~trsetSng attended by Sir lievile 

Benderson, dm hsd flown frcm Berlin il.ur%ng the raulming, 

A.e~ch atnsacr to A.5t3.e~ is p~ubXishedt France stands by kulaad. 

we 28 Xet iknothisr Cabinef meeting1 af%er wMch Sir Mevile 

Benderma flies to BerSfn and gi e Helt;le, Bhs Br Ash e ly, 

Er! a 563tqggeS 

t;* -;g 9.. I& *Lit 

Hteippr a = ff@ing SB3W n eb sfand in &h8 may of &qgi;So-German 

uade-rsta.nik&rrg: PTtlerte verbal resly ia rate reaeived 

London. 

Rail Dutch mob%Bfsmtion. FEtT1. of %ha, Jagane~e Cabinet.. 

Aug. 29. I-sbrl&ament meets to heer the iria;e tinleter's resort a d 

resff h the national unit;fr.

&age 50, !Pb kslra6;1 dae15ne to ses8 ar ple-otestiaxy uaex 

azenslcs. Them is aml;hsr Cabfaat rseetbig fn DoanSeg Streetl 

Lerf e at &at Sir Emrile BSrsadl~rrson rt~erfts BitPer an$ Von 

~ibw~tr~p is anf~msa ~f the GI- t~ms. 

Hitler sets up Bafen~e Cowafl wiSh R;rll pDrer8. 

Aug. 31, ni31 at~bilPnfPon of %he Bri't;ish Fleet. The rdo$+ 

f dssurla m Zabrt btp@aa1 for P~BOB. 

The PolSah bImssadc)x %n BerXSn is told of the Gwmt.aa terns 

8% 8 p .m. g d aisf l0 p .aa they are brmbst ever W Cbtermm 

wimlesrs ~5th th9 oam.ernt; that Gemany X ~ ~ P Bthem B sa hbLw%ng 

b%n 'I?G j~e.tk.tlr4r 

Ss~f, l* Germany inv&das PoXastI and bmb~ FalZiiih toms-. SXtlex 

od&asstbd %ha B3~rhstag ezkzxouncres Ma btenfian to fQhe 

k.o2slla, a&dXzyy %hat he will not car11 upon Italy %or &Pi%, The 

kolfsh diaa?msdora Snfora Grea* Br9tafn an4 Francs t;hoact the5s 

govexmra-$~~f c6aaidss tb% the Gem- e+%wk cansditutsa s case 

af Umet ssiue. French an& 12PitSsh liJ;trbassadars teZ1 

-13 BPbPrtnfrep *hart urilesa the G%- fore@@ m pmqptly dthdram. 

from ~-+aXish tr~rritaq Bri%&Sn z~nB Prams wilX mf&l 

theSr 

abliga*ionel Yoxi Rdbbmfnrp mplies that he suaZ UUDPA~%~ 

HX"e~%re 

R293 ~abiLisa+kSon is 4tscre+4 fa Great Brtkain and -CB* 

8epf. 2. Gmmaa Gavetmmen!h zmib a# regly to the Bri%izrfr htn4 

R%BG~ ao%ee. A plan for a Piol?s-&uwer canferenee is gat ~ O Z H B O ~ L 

by 33% WOT fiesaliai, bu.1; ia i rur(%iiura%#t it f s stt&dsdi .f;bt tbe 

Br2t;iah Wmmnflstt at%d no mob cafereace, wMZ+ Gemam 

troopta ape un EoSish -%P. dmmg mmrgeneg aea5~"~s pmied 

i?arrl%an%at Sa ane prsv58SJy;F for scmp~3.sor;gr ~nilPtaqr se-cs 

batmen %$B ages of 3.8 and 41. 

Segt+ 3, At 9 a.a* the Bxbtish &bassadm knfursl~ +*temany tb% 

mlerss Camaa traups Mm begun to w ~~.&ww from . ~lzta4 by l1 a,nt, 

be is te a& far h5a wssjprtrs, There is ao reply by 11 a.s. 

at wMch tbs It;ha;mtforre GsrstscZ B~i%aia and Genxnmr we at Irrrrr* 

At 5 pea, tr ~-1ar ~1%balnm 

Germ- m at W m r 

I- France erg tire^, msl R~~T~cB

Dear Ites2%r, 

Melville Wse, 

PtQdle Street, 

Yamf on, 

Smersat, 

f raa aos.2; gratsSu3 fur your kiad Isttes, mhierh rsltimed 

menosf es a2,f ~ver again. Z can understand the ooaplexities 

of your situationl and uhea X @&eke of my old book -4 no 

Shought thst you sheuld parself tlnta art advocate 

ladre than any other C5ttZl Semn$i aE the League, or, af my 

csunfry fox tbaf smtter, criwz, 'ltske up *he edmmte*8 rola. Ey 

oxily feelhg that &it ouy;h$ to be read in Geneva, md that 

gon, (1) w a d kuow where it should go, (2) right care to dZp 

into 9t between sessSons, ff you had m spass the. 3u.t; f 

stt$~pact% ysw a y 

have s iU *be. 

If fortune ier fn sz acted of' Zsvish begnity X my turn IQ 

solae ay Sxr SwItser1mrP duzd startle y m ri%h a eard. &a

*i,a*lbsoesiianr ~doltk. &clare, tsa rdponso, gm, %a 

~ o d a or, arait au ~aooo~sion &*$%re rep por X. 

Chancrliu et par le W,aistr. des Affaires ~txan&es. L. 

C " 

CksriaePiie#) X'awtit autarllae a dames 1s fesarlt nosumwe qusr Psre 

pr;lncfses et larr ssirttltnrl qm% a.rrstieat fa%& iabont&r l*aoco?xl yslswcr- 

sllamad e@rrserve?nt pleinemenf 1- ersprf t et 1en.r PZB~~W. Ba 

l 'aris Q1 Churcelier, l *rcoaril polono-allemand denit 3%- auto- 

matiq'l;iesl~baf gmlong6 aPin da canstfhtsr ua fm&eant dwrtbbb dss 

relatiaru en%n ir Pol'ologn. et 1. Beich. De she ies droits 

polonria lhntsig devfa%.ggt Gt~e rospoctds. *V=. coxusiserr 

Ze Ghsnae2ier. Awm U v%mmit% quf le csraatirisa, &X sa+& 

plaL2xrt fmtefu%r &rr ~UQ+&S b p l w par ~ E* Le~ter+ 8n %m% -(%PG 

3.spossible proroqwh par MII, ing&anoe daPs les moinikae d6foils 

l*r&a~*trsticnr d. mtrig, qui a dii nbessr-ent a?miztfr ; 

$as ~rott.rents.* ~s m ~elier ;kit akoin. d'afla qu. 1.8 

grinofpas dn stptut &c la Ville Likra d.rraisnt ?%re =inteaus. 

Sf le ~ ut-Cm~~I~sai~ r~~lbszsaitsa ~9ssion aveo &lus de ditsaemtb- 

EBQY~JZ, ~~o&us v A ~ ~ ~ Sto~f-l-fht-A* - * mps~~%able et cturab3.e 

y~ums9% %sebiblir.w

"11 sat jurte 8. rsg~eler, catte occssion, lgattitu&e 

bienl~illante du Oouverament polonais o l*#'gard do yrsmier 

~rmat mtfanal-socfalfste de "3ajrt35%g. 

AU eours & toute son activitd po~itipw sur le 

temain intsrnotfonal pendant lea clnq demi&res annhs, Is 

Oeuvem8111ent polonsis avait toujours refus; de 2rendre part 

h dae aatiana dirig6ee oontae 3e~ intme+t~ du Pieich alXesand."

which 3 iomc3oare s copy. 

&ustrsliar Hsureo* 

Strand, 

Xlondon, %C, 2. 

Z rangap&fh;s Jerrs-et Smith to fend out 

what was the pomitiaa snd tshether yuu wars all s tilf at de~eva 

of %hB) li~t ~f tha way 5n which the S,@. pmyaows to deal %nth 

a13 *be sisaamotarices X am S little mr$rised that you 

5.Q." p~o~asals, 12 is c2a;srs %bat r oorrtsiastmB1r fuTthr 

in the Se~retar$%t PBS fr~)qufre& bat ~ V Q J ~ regard & 

lhth 

8 

X- oet ta 5% back all the people Sn list Bo who are 

really valuable and any of thoae on List C, uhc, won%& reaX2y be 

valuable to you. Rith this aucleus you should do everything 

possible no* only to ara5ntaia yaur exiatin~; work but also start

cm the *ask af preparation of %he eo~numic side of the pea- 

mttle~enf~ 

1% czertarrny rsquinoa m e faith to thhk h tdsrmla af o 

canstruotiw peace settlemeat under the conditfon~ of the last 

feu weeks* Bevertholtas~, prrsvSded we are UP good coxirage, we 

nust relism %hat the enemy isr risking e.sresl;ythiq in an attempt to 

archieve victory fn the next three raeathre iirnd that df he can br, 

hela, no natter an what line, his esonmic cilrclua8t;aneea nf%L 

not permit hfra to stage another grsaf bid for d~tosg fa the 

l* Ssmmi the apemmt of' the S&* to t;he ~eanmic aad 

F%nancfal Sections and as much of tm Hprsll;h Section aa 

naces~vy to be carried on on a work5q basis (net Just aara 

aad raautemrre) * 

2. Tu fnforer the l.bakefe3$er people tbf ilt was S.z~pprogr9.ats 

to I8Sscaos t;hs @cope of %her WO* and the quee%iort of thew 

ffrranern opdpesstian ~t5.f. it rrta grossfibls to fosmt s o'fetar 

inpresafarr ol %he ou%ctme of bslt;PlitPes ihm5ag Jumt July aa& 

August, btlt %ha%, ort the asapnaapt%~a of a certafa stabJIisaf Sea 

af %he mfl9-ry eituation Omr %be sutwm, you braZierve8 that the 

$ask of pmpariag plans for p~~t-rsr ~ee@aidtm~tie?l anntld 

bio seen tb be rftlati~g argent tuld that yoja thsre%zw hapea that 

fh B~~kef6hZm Poundation waula be ~repamd fo @m the mast 

ernps%hatie cpnsidera.t;ion to grsycraals for f9naaici~~X oa-;opas1~~.t2on 

in, say, %be months af Seytezaber ax Otfabrl 

X am proposing tu d5scnsa &his whole situation d th Erv BSUCB 

and shall make certain suggesti~xrs to his wit& '8fh50h 1 aa qpite 

sure you would be in full erce~rd. 

Bo lef me know 20- olmr point of vScv.

k*S* f have just seen Mr. Bmcs who shares m;~r concern m& who 

fs aonside~injq what action shuuld be taken, Et3 wbll I 

fancry aoasult the Covermerat bere, 

F*Bf*Yic%* 

- CON 

%W3 RO~Fii&Lli% FOUIJDATZOI 

Betas U* IcD-lP t 

49 49th St~.ibet, #et% PO*. 

Uy Z2a& Xg40.+ 

Your lefterrs of April 23d ~mcP 24tb mm beth rr~?lcom@ and 

SratematingIC 1 find ayaalf in cen93.e.t.a aagreeraent rrth 

pra~t%m&lly evaq pobL ym aemtim, 

But your 3iattess have arsfved when the anost cslossaX of 

tragedies in appwejatly breaking over the ror2d. There isas% 

mau~h a;&%% I wm ELBJ naa, exosyt thaf f agree thoroughly w3th 

pour pr5saiyIefs -4 ways of ap~~rosch. 

trip to bboy~s is p~sfp~ned for &he preacsat, sesta2a1.y 

Concer~lqg %he ldeagne, J aot3ca that it has aave4 to Vieby 

and that Avenol has ~urnested reoignation to everyone save 69 (?) 

peiogslo. If this be the situation X fake ft that any tiefIslfte

action alo;ng; t b lines of which you hearci rmors is wit of the 

guestion, I rould b~ interested in rrny reactions if the chaos of 

events affords any. tlmo or 5nclixlatSon TOT gm to I rit ., 

Surely force cc~nn~t rule in this world, 3fou T ::ould uelcme 

~ii ahancs So sit with you for an evendvrg as ars did Isst Jrine, 

29th l94Q 

%:"hat a s!math. hmarir, Morway,, i;lollanfal hlgim, aorthem 

Prance - oocupie& by the Belrat wh9qh m e aut of its lair, 

@'hen fhe ba~5on of Moxlnray began, Glsie pas%ganed a v%sft she 

had pPw.ned, I dib9.t; want fo forbid i.2* She cme about the enB1 

of Agril and 3ple hair '9% gleasaat ~euniaa", r~;adered uneasy by imiyead%ag 

novements of ana3es. We kegt adrnacing the date of her return. 2 

lad Suaf get her return visas md she TIpaB to go home S~ntbq or 

Yunday, P?th or 33th. Friday, loth, we said we ~auld tea tbe after- 

awn ~ff and go flishine and yScnfcing on the Versair. Wa reachfag 

the office I learned Hof lend and Belgizrra had been invaded that 

~orning and telephone& EPsI-e3 to gack, fbe questfan was - =a *he 

N%ota3, wasw coma with bombing of towns? %uuld travel be 3asaible 

02 muld rAe be separateri from the chfl&c=-n far, perha&s, aronths.

1 bad warned them all that fT she was trtts2ed in Geneva, 1 n dd 

that nigh%. Vsxt by, Sn great ucertainty, we tagether deaided 

ishe would riak m &mediate sbrt md she weat off pi2y a98 

cuixrageously un SaewdPry night, 

B~io newa af her on Sunday. J *a at the radio every ham. 

Bone on X~n&ary %ilP the evening* Sbro was at Btsgye - 3ou3iogns and 

- 

CalaPa we-, of course, cXosed, W n another f senty-four hours 

at London, @hat a relief t Ssan &rirghy had ht3Pged br tkwt.qgh 

r 1'13, never forget the anguish of tbt aaiP,w. 

U the reantbe ae ware La the thfcsk af a SarPss crisis -4 

lsas glue for a pessibXs,'~~%sI~~ 823 em~xetiear Befwessr 

the trpo ~ffgaegl we Bisd ertfll 600 officials, rmaarny of *h@@ 

and their &u~illierr* 

(!the protferion we hrrd mssda folr m,y fmtilg sad# a sari - ~orar 

rrs leas - of ae in *bee daya). 

Amaal pooh-poohed itz rsx%gg82sted vaguely Punk or n@routZmesis, 

was ceatradictorfr, said a12 was ready and rhea I 8sSd nafhfag vrta 

xeaw said re'd share the $at% of the Swiss peoplem 3: welcaaned 

that and =id it was as it ~ean.t we did nothing and that ;I 

heLd na r@aponsiBfSity. 

Over s month later, an Tuesctay IlitSh, ha astlltad a a~ltseti~ of 

hi~h sfficiaZs and ~riiered grm~t plans for eva~uatfan.

'Phe tension Sn Switseerland had boen almost agsaising and fZ 

iacseased* General nobflisaf2on. G% two night@ the attack was 

exgected, Geman traegarka were ntcanowr-bg Sm Lake Constance, 

baxriers had been repaoved fro& roads, large Geman force@ warn 

conccntrtated, A khfxd of the p~gulatfan of BLals left, The 

Baurstit m s clo~ed, a ~ulr an banks. Ths mfmrst9ata of Frenah- 

8wi.1118 CurrenaT ehaged from 43.w to 16 36 hours. qrhe new 

methods of attack, "Fifth Columnw and garachutist - s&&ed to the 

fears. Bydroylased could land fn the bsbour eat& taxi yp to the 

Geneva ~ridges. 

covering a11 the a%aQfl mhzs%ag any sresyansibilitg %or aafety or 

trstnsport for themselves ox Pmiliea* (bttsr by instmotion 

Zn the oaidne of it laltetrs, Lamday, ilFilec~, and others, 

rent; off to Pearre th@Ss frjzriliee ~umewher~ safer. LA. wits agqr - 

&rectfoaa. I had a, bad orrssk with hi=, but was "upw to if with 

Be mixed up the gfan, based on aa act-1 hasty svaauatian, and 

9ut one of the ntrasures into Mediate effect. %e got 1x0 

rsaigaations, noatly 9-aior staff.

The. LLID was in the same $uslition, 

ulsnatiesd in the, situa%f an, 

X, *so, wanterd out of the way as maay &a possible. Q azoral 

reayonsibility for them could not be XQIEIOV~~ from OUT shoulder8 by 

~3tg kiad i~i" ~~TCU~~CI* 

(Flu-) 

!Phen there naa AvenoP8s g1831 to sleep in #m4a&a to prevent 

kibnap&&lpg t;lr 5th Colunrat Iiis staff sent off wlth officS8X stuff. 

(secret papera, eta.) 

Friday morning an aansmenf and ho neee back in his cbsr 

xetther aa@atraS and tt;r%ed, to guit; m0 on ~ a~pst for hrsttfng 1ittZe 

%$lean g t ~ eff with his feuafly of +WO young cbil&m+ f ratbased 

to m czn eay earget and thumped the hbfr% ia "%ha yrtteancefq. 

So high hsra lie got be ~rdered u~urier to bring bask his 

shff and coantarraaded.a order that night .fie8 the 30- raa 

-13. fnta Irrance, 

%all, we wen% ug sod damn ~5th W, 

The tenaim slacked off - ahost mystsriousl~ - aftm tax Gays. 

The great break-through *to B%ase hsd occurred and Geman forces 

w%lhdrsw psrtly f~am the %%ss side. kexhsgs a31 a bluff. But 

Eallsnd had had two, agd the third was not s bauff, 

reminds me of && Crexninsg story* Tonba* We, ran American, 

divorced him to narry a Dut~hmaa, aad %he bereaved Tmba received

a lettew arubsequeatly fram his U,S. mother-in-law Sn which she 

thanked God fur two d~ucfi pod sone-in-la=Jt 

The atwe31 on Frano4c~ 3 weeks aad a demand for as sneisticeg 

rurother 10 days and the Gsnrnan trooyo were on the frontier of 

Geneva p.Qrra 

&at June, 1940. 

Motr beter, 

---C--LIIIIu"1-- 

Tha cost of ths clsganisatfon groparcd iin yowr report mast 

be cctlreFu3ly worked out for each offZcid and Sf wU3. t ea lfiael 

BBorrjover ther budget for 3,943. muSt be fr~~daed at once for a mestSng 

of the Swpp C-. at Geneva an ii.tlr June snd therefore re rust 

h€ktre W3 QT@U~~S€&%%O~ for %h€? fint~er 

Za ay view we mst shed lXluaiona of the pol;isfb9lity of wa* 

oa tbe ~ a a sc~lzcc d tirzt out ~ X Z tU8 rer~~ort and 1Uit our tots 

piersanng2 internal snii wckernal to X 30 ar 1 50 r indee8 L t bi39k 

afte~pts ~23.1 be made to reduce it below tUrr figure by the SICa 

But we mat no& be V e 

sWut our reguirerznezat~l far kbt woad ~188~1 

a definite reduetion below what we may tfrirtk nsceiirscary. 

The reyort jpzrports to gruvf de for ra anonth only but what we 

sMll. warit for the 3~2, Co~llnr ia a deffn9tle y l fos ~ the 2941 &Wet. 

Ths r~ltermt$ve %F31 4x1 f%zr the sum of the Snclo~ne and Iiaft the

abff to tha& fLg5w-e. 

Thm d88enibLy has ordsrecl. us to lbit our ex;jead%tzlre to 

uarr Inomst that is a definite decision which W ay vier m st 

be obeyea. 

Be ro~r4s Heserves 1 blfeve that the whoLe of the k,scosve 

is now needed for the donrsions or all but .ia few million. 

Yours siac~raXy, 

Seyarour Jack1 in. 

------m 4 ----me--- 

f mote you a letter a few days ago, but f bvc sat 2osLeO 

it; events were g oiq %&oo fast md 5 have hala it I;$. I have 

aar read ft over and it seeas sq though it cdtaes m% of another 

world, a d that is aggaran4Ay QU~ ~itx&ti~rir Tbft GCSBPLTP troogs 

rzre marctking along the Jum fand say be in BeLle-,.arde to-cfeigr, 

There see318 ts be abso'lutelr no ~nilitary or 2loli"tSca ~aasorr now 

for them t o come into SwitaarL~urd and use may well be kept as an 

5sland - so much so t&.t this letter lasy nrssver each you, 

The sosld is crashiug round o-U eetrs but Mshls. Bonin rtnd 

f are keesing our Bcads U& if our hearts ass broken. 

There hesw been sane terrible rlf sillusionmeats (awn02 f and 

anger at -t;imsrs has helped ose tkougb difficult days; one saw put 

up with >~w$osi.ty when i.t, 5s baaked by a quick infelligertca, but 

vfnen one has to 2ut E& with 2omyoua futi1it;y cougled with deantorrzliza-

tion, fhe &ast shrezd ef rea&ect goetJ. 

632, the stuff abuuf 31aas and yrrlicies has tecglg~rarily eased 

to %m of any %myortanoa and oar future is for the moa~ant ~gry far 

Pran being; is our onn handas how far that wS1P remain 80 one slr;tnnof 

foresee, As you m y have guessed from ~ag. persoaal telegn;;~zn So you, 

y-ou were secionsigned to the dog house, but honestly things are in 

a as L dontt think it rriartterfs a curse, 'Vi5natn-f is suddearly 

&nB hursied1y investigat%ng the goasibfllStisa (3% an evacuation or 

transfer, aeoomganied by a very big begree of liqufdstion (they 

ltzied to hold cm t o more t b 

we did and rrso now fac- a laom 

diffi~tdt jir~blma)s I dont% thbk it rill cme to anythins at 

ysessnt; three reeks esrrZier or three ecka later sight bi~ve or 

may tall a dlffereat ertclrg and our fSnancia3 out'loak is e3ctrmztely 

black. We too will 2rabsbLy have to face further cute 2retty Boon. 

4% tth ema.ent I have anXy %no priicipleo, or at any rate fro 

himsuedfate objeatfvesr the firat is that we should ezldeavuur to 

keei, a little bit of personal &gailg %rhst;elrer comes (an idwil* &a 

f. have little aonfldance %a nyr om yhpsical coursgrt)p aad the other 

Ss fhst ore should try t o lauk after oGr staff who have been standing 

3y ua here, u d esyecislly those who are isolated, either fropa aa 

You w ill peras the iztiyosaibility of talking about @use 

yractical things, or of ths future, which does nut open beyond a very 

KeJ.1, 1 have written you something, BE YOU asked; f ho2e It

eaches you and your h&giPe.tion can ffll h details. 

To$- Arthur Sweetasr,&sql, 

8 iaat 442th Street, 

MW York Cf ty+ 

Slxraerely prs, 

S *A* 

20th 1940. Sent to %/%h. Dublin. 

Until two or Z;bree weeks ago ZjZiLAHD seemed to rris as to ill. 

of us %be safest oountry in i:wope and %he gaost protected frm 

the goasiBPlities of beiag onvoluntsrflg involved in the war, X 

have heard no recent ~esark~ at sfl OA the subject, but it must 

have igarressed sany ra~&le that events in iiollaad ~ n Belgium d hftw 

changed that demee of yossfbility. 3 bclieve that we iawt now 

regard ourselves os dafAnitsly in the danger %me. That danger 

say be sedu~sd br the battleas now bejtng fought, but 613 one month 

or several aosths frbla sow, en attack on Gilngl~uad in one fum or 

another may bo envisaged. This will be the aoaent; of &wager ta 

Ireland. %%en in tha past one thought of the use of tfreJ air 

weapon for bosbSng military or productive centres* St m y have 

seemd that objectives au~b RBBX~P to %h% ~~CB~XM~D aerodramas srcre 

infinitely mme wortlq obJr;ctivc;.s, The type af war ctevelo;@d irr 

EalZarnd and Belgitm should lead one to reconsider this. In s 

iiiiPitarieerl and highly yo$~Latadt country like England, %fie x~sults 

of parackiute w&r;fare aad attempts to form inteznal fortresses

siauld Qalg be tem2orary in their effect, Sme mon%hs ago+ before 

the new methods rers brsught fato ogtierati~a, er Ger~trtn ex-5ffSce.r 

(-W holding an iagartant post in the Gramtau service) remarked Zn 

the hewing of an Iriahraen, Eaguiret h Cenova,thaf in oerfain 

events "the fields of XrePad would be very useful to 

l believe the ~Sftzation and prospects are auch a8 to renbr 

?It a01 necessary to take as rapidly as possible such ~rscautions 

as can bemade. I am sure this yussibflity Uocosasvndebr 

corrsfc2eratfscn, but if not I venture t o draw attention to it. Xt 

is lcliesr that if the Germans arere Sn a poraitiorri to an& decided .to 

launch attacks on &qgUnd, as they ~ u aeventptrrlly t 

before Ithey 

eowrZd hope to w h the QIS* they could obtsin considerable 

advantages at little cost if the3 could establish air bases and 

oeatzhgsi of dlrsoxg~~pisation 9n frefanda Even if they did a0 more 

than mke tronaport of food difficult, British esoential auyplias 

monld be asore ~urely afflractsd now thm svea cl.up5ag the %as* war, 

Fiwthemore, the BrftZ~b rrtight be exposed. to attacks on their 

pr&ct%ca21y uncovered zestern flank, especially of the Sadustrial 

area of the Harth, The -in difficulty eotab1%sbing 

petraansnt adr brzws rou%d. of uourse be sugpT&es o f ketrol, etc. 

Perhaps this laay be regarded BB ~epresentlzq ia81~0atltable ab~tBc1es~ 

but, oven if they did not succeed in ueing the coauifry in this =g, 

the dimxs5on would be fnyortant. f f Mses were seised by aslos5al 

aat5.o~ their subnatrines would also ba b evidence, They night

als~ hawe thta idea .t;bt poZitfca1 slenents in Xreland wad sad 

to the Govsmment*~ troubles, me leaas result of such sletians 

a d d be a was%d@r~lbble shock a d 8~1- create4 aaong *he ~ l i s h 

populatios a& 2erhapa diversfan of effor&a, because it see~er 

extremely Zikslp that any suah situatian created h IreZac with 

which re cou3.d not ouraefves ;rromitly deiel, would arove the Brit5sh 

m9lftary authoritiss t o counter-action. As agaZnst the adv;antagss 

which any such attaok ai@t give ts the Gameas, T. do mt how of 

any di~srrdvsntages~ ft could snlg be another nttut'll.et1 violated in 

a oonlinent already littered wSth their carcases. At any rate %ha 

yosoibil $tie s nor opened ug merit careful study eu~d considerable 

G- 18"' 

On Thursday) 13th Juae, there was the French broabaat, 

intexl~)~~ted by J. Av8noI a# aPreaniryr capitulation. The sm~e a%gM 

- 

c- p* U b7) 

Vichy* TaXd ao one - not even Stancek - althou;,.h 59 offiairjls &h 

sent their Zheravy hgpg6 there also. Ssr%w&;y, lPz%h, X ~nys~lf 

ympcsfsad that we ahou3d try to get baok our seere* pafiers For 

He talked with Chprron (who fold ~igier) (14/6) that the 

was to put &@tab in as w,K* to make an amistice; %&at &decent 

.terns m3u;Idl be got and that ail French abroad sou'ld then return for 

seconstruc.i;f on work, The J aou~ided almtaoijt t?on;pXacent, A. sZao 

conducted mtf-B. -pabgn 5s %he b ra twt followed.

Uth J - a . This morning h@ tcld Cireud (legal)e da ilollar, 

&@aid*@, &ad D ~ ~ ~ Ekat P S A. ~ Ui31e~ was XSO% i~liai~;g~j. waz+&l~3 tP* 

l/lr sad thought it hp4 don@ a good job in the Ssrr. %&t is hc 

1~0rkfagug tb"jrbt daes ate emeat? Zs St sheer rrolaady or - ? 

At f2r3G hdxr~ %he Rmnch decrisio;a3 wFte ~ u w c ~ ~ % Also , b;riiSd 

tb.t &umaas were at &~&1@&8rd8, At I A. @aXJad a% for the 

fir&* %*c for f~ux &ye and sol~ly told raa be had now ilefioftelg 

dwif4ed to rmaia in Ga~;cbva* X mr the cosfa sids, as ever? 

iadl5vi&uaX eew2ee were out; ~f tba qalarspfion, but 13 had thcsa 

hmmd of the Fremh &*oiaionc X arstfd me had as aZt~rmti~e a d 

sothSag Left bat fa keep a lifbXs gersom% d%ggi%y %B& tbe of 

the a bff who rere tmg2sd w5SB us* But the %Or of' ;iutbrf ty m$ 

eagacitg .rtS.t3J. whlofi he sgolre owe bsrck to te la.t;er* A light touch 

in PL day of warPrt disastrr.

fbe since ?sgah, as fmr;h Gem= retssme diviaisna tmovd in 

to the Blie~6:k Farest, Bays the Asleucfofed zrae&. Cermm cortcanfrst.c 

t2uns 3.a the Blaok; Forasf &re now abthaee$ at 20 dfvistms 

(400,.;v0 cnen). 

About 400,OrLiD Srpis* %~OO~B stoorX ready on the ~~iakelried line 

. - 

Letter SZUB 2:itcDou&$t,311 1, Loveday. a. m& Fin. am. 

4 

Pbcftish ~gtoaar *BrftO;ish a t m ia the nostrils of the *~r3.d,~ he 

c;irc-uma.t;itulcss Ehcre-rkiat h%emml mis%o ~uspended, B, -tr;tTd 

8. Zoweilsky 5f a%.g~$'hXaf ion case ft8 SQUZ~ xesi@* kki'ryt s 

beliligersnt could be Sea., but not an ex-bsllfgerent? Bed up 

with the B+-----, Dould leave SE %ha distirast raesrs in bgusaible 

and wosaerrbqg ~ihtian. iJr5.a~ d9- tempe-@rata3, et orx~sj 

%eminSne spite and d&starticrn. Funlr and failure, sized ni%h sn 

lhdian godtsl dbgnity and @elf-cmylacent winfallibilltty*q. Callours 

-~endi~orant~~oncern far fssrilfesrandchil&en. iiecallsa 'CA.

atorys "%bat I like abut these (natianalitg) boots is there 

is ao fuss about atmen ausd children fSrs.t;ftl 

tf'hts facsde craaPreQ $ha% week in Yiy, &+an90 plansll His 

Bnd later his id7aa of p hqg ta U.S.A.g rslightly pthlett;fa tbnkls 

when I offatmd to hold the fort. 

J8lb J-8 1940:. 

A. ~ d ae e feel like vaolithig pelterday. Sie talked to 

Bisraud -4 Bghnideer m&, as G, ;ratlid, *#e is discrovering %he virtues 

of flitler befors eves the swrtande~ $8 e30ceptedmn I now think 

when he ccakled me he had tbs! j;aten-Lfoa of s;enuld2ng&e out on his 

sew role, Us new alosicur, &rt 5 had s&oilerd i-2 'is;y talkfng of 

beg- a 1SW2e pers-1 digarlty. He w ill S%$ nor* at mte 

nntU Frme as 4 aaf@r p l w to,' ~ %a. 4 burnirig -er helped 

act t-as the *;IT sf 2%awegfc defeat. 

Thanks for your a ble (Go Sloww 'coblt) just cone; I hope you 

side, Yy one great desire is fo bct af som mosll ultility Sn tMa 

pisr fjcrnaat, 

S1ve just mitten a long %@%%er 

(pr44) 

to Lovedre$ on er questiosr he 

a d Z dAscur~ke-ed before 1 lef% ail wand to send ycru ra cogy both

eeause you are ileeply interested and beeausa there 1s always o 

cfi.anca of a Setter gettZag lost, Undoubtedly you have discussed 

Ihe satter between you already; there a m one or Loo further 

thinger X would IiELe Lo @ad. 

F%rsf, wb.t is said for Laveday3s roxk gm9 aloro I'or the athex 

technical and n011-palitfaal. f f we could mt e~f;rethbg like 

this for the e-aonomic md fbaacial, 9: sure we could also do so 

for tire health, ausd for the o~~wB,,.. poarsiblg athers, !&ertit 98 

nOtl h0~8~W'~ USQ fnto that ~ L ~ ?Uld s s UX&t%l %Be 

unbrlyfata guestion of prin~iple Ss @stab1 ished. FP= inquiries 

m ferr, however$ I feel csn-ced that, if worse clro~ers to worst, 

the p~ssibJlb%y Q~BU and 1 ~ nee dfso~~sed of a sglit of the 

2olitSaal to one cowtry (surd the teahnicel here can b~ worked out 

so farm ebfs sad fa coneerneit, 

X nwd not stress again $,a' this letter to you the PEaportsracrs 

mch sc transfer x~auld havs fur the fituse. It aowXd open the most 

&.atoreast%ag pa~tzi'Qi.lit%ets and &erwnalists this sork to r dr;gxwe 

afh.erm&se ZtagesoSbLe, Bvea sr2ark frogs all other ~onsidgratiuns, 

if we ca%e the future Sn ;a 1eucge rurd Tang view, -is srlane would 

justJcfy a bold ad, afbr &l, a tenpafary B%*&. C ~ x we ~ fill ~ y 

aeed more ever t o wiatsn mt and seek new wgort a d frisrrds*,, 

aadl %his gives an exors2tional 02rortunity. 1 feel ~ aaL strongly 

that, entirely ai2srr.t ~PQS a y tschnim2 reasons, *re ore other 

and aore con&ellhg reasons dicb would aabce the gable very such 

vortb while, gverythSng is now fluid; a11 of 7" need stnovement and

fFggh eQx8 1% rar'uf"~ %hi8 would be in-rrslxzab'le 5s opaaSngj. s new 

ahaptsr Mth fsr us md fox our friends who only ask to help, 

@e'lZ, SIWWS c-i~ back %U OUP SOOF~~S. T*d like to write ~ ou sa book abou2; general tendencies here. 

rerbga the quSckest ray of -ring it, howev~r, i s to say thsf I 

both a~bn9sbed rand (9~teplg gratffied at the swing of ~pinian, X 

always told yor our. ysople rere %notional and highstmng, that 

.they cauld be myt by a prairie-fire, but that $8 hapijenhg even. 

msras rapid3g than I aatScipated* The cliyying~ ancXossd are 

ty@iaaXt the soantry is both roused and a24wmed. Xt f s very 

ik3.fftrent; fmn the Last war in the aenwit tbst the xe&~ltiultls thaa 

re= genera3 W& hpersaaeaTj toby %hag ape sgecifi~ and ex.t;re$isfy 

amtiaaal. It Ps not oay a qusatiaa of tfneow or f&a1iarpl( it 

iar a wry d-2 rmtf om3, %n.t;srn8Ce Vs are defWAteXy sore i 

thhga contfpnre abr-8 on the present If-, 3[ would net to 

guaetiona put to ate by fsienhs here* Gersg gava s vgxly nPce 

recegtion for us at the League yia.rrbLiun, wbich, Sn~ideatally~ is 

metioning fkuslx, with 8008 *Pisi%~rs laot Suoiiay alone,., ant3 

all rrorts of old asooeiates timed U$. There %S a loyalty here 

ahiab rilZ some &y cam into its own,,, jkill best luck to gm,

Serstg, aad if you get 8 C~MUIGB, &O &up 8ae a X3ns as to thws in 

Grsnalrati I faex at the otfies r?md of the: WOZIB, dth rems O£ 

mirwomati~n 8 

4r394Q* A&* 

&dry3 

Dear Alac r 

f ;ewa doing this %o &%I to~iQSbt's CJip,pe~~ a8 you cable 

P@QP@#%~~~ md on DLx 6- naahine to avoid cIZrf~zt~a+e md 

exgenteir.ele,stmuqp stezmgmyher~~ 

About; the only bit of good-fortune uhicb f. stees to know of ia 

these grim taa beerr t32a% wMch permitted xas within az;r first; 

72 hours bere to make 615 the grlacii.la3, csntscts I &*aired to wke 

ha cbllgeetiun w&fh t b questfoa yeu PU'& %Q me at hams gust 

moat cordial 83td h-iendkXyt %ad, whPPe %n the uncertain ciras?astrmces, 

f df4 not yrreas %h% matter between urr, I: sat sum hi8 eea is 

unchanged. That fesling was rrtmngtboneit at lunch the next daJt 

with Kflluts, wham J m seeing tmorroar, 

as usual. A fall reyort was made, intar alh, on Sr. Yioolley%

~ ~ f t on t m the ~ tacWica3. aab non-politiosl mrk which is asparentry d+velsgfng most bsyilyP The .rc~x?ar md co~dhl let*= 

of the Eresideat had Beowaa definftive and a e#$lro of ayer lesleer 

was released to %he yr.casas and &vsn good displlery, ss you all M 

fswa the %mloered, Yisa Woolley a;rr$veis here tomorrow; we cl;sr;a 

use her eommitteu 5.n any way that seena desirablel 

Slhough my 30 -a a ho12i4ayt f: again bad the mad luak, 

go* dora da EllbL~~Gon~ to tpadch Berbezl.2; &is for Inaach, and 

ma.trterrrt, far d?lzmer. f did not praoraed in detail with ei%her+ fur 

the ~~~19nt~ but felt areaad 8uffiaiently ta be sups that tb 

Thw folPowing IQay 1 caaght far lunch, in 'botrsen two 

gratif5ed inaeed ire* hSs iestanW9ous and mum response, Efrr 

offered to do anSth%nlg be could to help and thou@t the transfer 

wtsaZd be a suisgicioutl uas, if ff r~r$mt decidrs8 to ~ & e it* 

Efe sather eurgriaed tae by sxgre-rt~~ TB-% thzlt the C~maidtee bad 

not set this Spring, ss plasuled, though of cow@@ he understood 

the mraabnag be said he wuf d ha- liked to have gone over ail 

thought ths P~esibnt would have wanted him to, 

As I had thought $be queotion out on the etemtar cs~iing over, 

it had Wen quite a bit more definite fom than when '$re bi8t~u~~ed

it %S C;rsaem, Ffrst it ssmed to m% that, df mch a tmmsfer 

arrro made, it ought aot to be to W&shJlng(ton, for obvious poIftic~-al 

zwmms, and it not be to Bew York* where %h% work, though 

facr%'litafed in sane mys, wou3d bt~ ~vershsdowad izxld lost* I then 

groped around fn qr ooa mind for a cuPtml or university cmtex, 

a d fhe thmghf of ~"sboetsn mme to me. ThSs, as yau how, 3.8 

Betsffler fa at mexobetr and fa sbmt one hour from EJew York and three 

knatitute branch, aad by cro%zicfdeacs, the Univerrreitr of Foodrow 

If so~s*hing of this sort aess dedred, it '~1~o1al.4, as X 

eq3a5nt3d to Gmclg, b - ~ mother e ~redmo-8 3.a tht ft wmXd t;wra 

the saabhlr~saircrrap: questisn of iglitiative OP aa invitafian, f 

bagSae %he bsgue a%@% not like to ask far as knvitsstiun 'f;o asn- 

Maiiber temif;oqj 3.n the same mry, if laight h d iffc4t for a 

aowa'ber g~oerrment to volxmtser such i~xitatPoia S8 the blue. 

f f, braver, a great university set the ba131 rollhg, the guvemmaat 

cm%& exgrabss %+is approval and tha M&gngd could accept + In any 

event, wbn f: raised tMei p~ssibflity ntth Crsdy and asked if hrs 

tkowt I should, sea Bi~ffler he apets keenly for if 

+%a good-fortus;re smiled, for Bieffler in town fur %hie 

first %%a@ ths- weeks. We dfged and spent the emniag 

together and I found h b asst tantbshstie. Par that past p&rt he 

tald wel he had been popfin& around for a way ZQ help the seonroaio

present aris113. Be had -lked oi%h the Poudstian $eagle and 

found a maQr support fhers, bu2 this itiser appealed to hb as the 

best yearsibh anrPrrts, if it wm passfble cra the other side, ffar 

m u d aost mrpaly rit;h the hineetun end, as he =tally roulh 

a d urpd rae to coma dosm there at awe to aseca the fmilitiea, PI 

I shall 2n ar cuugle af bys. He tfrm@t we coazd get a dowble 

invitation, from the Dnf'irsrrsity wd his Institute, auld felt sure 

d b Puun&atien reuld do oangthZag neoesmry aa the r~qrterSaZ a&&. 

Be thtmght it mulld be a crime if rsuch a magaiffeent staff slil ystr 

bad bui2t rr~, with such labua were dhsgers~d and he waZd cer%aSaXy 

go %he lin%t %D as- tbt it wars net. fnc%dentaIly, he, too, 

wh3le hxlly 81p~rbtcitktAng the zv3at30nsl regretted that U s csmannllttee 

bad net gopas t~f5~)ther thia Spring. 

It w~s en the baaP8 af these Wterv%ejts that 3: ctabZs4 you &B 

~kifcb bm P~llo~ed~ bt f b d tlwa, faotliPg &bt, ff ~QIA ~t%a& 

to ba intartastea ta thie idear uf ~ u ~ i to n ~ this ; sfdo, sver$thiryl; was 

very well 5n place far ft. X ao;t canvinced thest you muld ge-tr %he 

mtm%st sp(91ome an4 most oolaylete couyeratiua from gowmrtiertt, 

unfvexsity, 3.nsfitute, and foxmbtian. S'ho apattcsr of izliv1t;tatfoa 

could be axlraxqpd, as outlined; the paasport and &her fecilities 

could, I judga from Grekd. and even Thcmpson, be facilitated; the 

pQsioizl facili*tieo at srincatan would bi3 both goad a3zB centrcerl;

Ithe e;%~:maditurs lill4e a0u5d ~~lduubtedly be faciliiated by our ofhrer 

kclaide, Xn ~thas words, *be esor srrtena %a ae to be on t b 

best af tsrsarcr, if ft be d+wmed wi- .to enter it.* 

By fscsifit5e~ and otkresr good rslsulte, I had in afrrd tht, xfth 

c~uaicatioa as &ifficult ss it is Xn &rope, there fe an irruP.ase 

maowzt of rrttnterid coniing fn hma frog2 all sibnara, both afficia3 

an8 privata, -eh I fee3 sum o&b be m~~r2e rjrmflabls, 3 aa 

inelLned to think you road g& at l ~ s as Z 11puch data on iiurops 

-eh could be ertablfshed hem muld be Znvaluable. 

be integrated for a m, peopla am sentisnetntal, ss you 

am; the fact of QtwiSag to aid noor auU& ereatre r bend oahi~b 

wU4 bs pepaaawt. The aou~trp would, in a eense* become 

fdenfiod w%th, arrd o part of, this so*; yuu arsdd &.P@ it for 

god Sf thin9 ra%hur 

of co~xrae, tbat, however tk3 m%r esmjes at, the e ~ t r s r ~ g ~$12 ~ s a 

have an war- St has nevtar had befurea. To ay mind, our 

future 3.a more interrcontiaerab3 tha h"usopeaal 

ISfar need we fear the GLIGWESIP! eritfc%em or opposi2ian. The 

tbta for %hat 58 long past, 2: ameased aC the chs- in e$fniun 

here5 tfniaga that one would be hag for mJr;eng a month ago are now 

& 

ccsmon-r;tleoe* God knows where W% ~$23 be a month hence, ttsd* 

while thS~ lette~ aoes no8 pretend to aovtsr the general sitmtion,

f ~zacloase a eoup2e of thjlnige lrhieh ara ayiaytaa.atic. I dt3h uts 

~sula bsvre sr talk; there is a let bere for enco-eat %f there 

is oa],y tiap9*.*.. I rimed not 81&r tfsa.2i lay tbisughts asra c~nsbmt1y 

rilth yeu a21 an the other side and .that I am doing W&% ]little I 

csas to be of beZp, 

"BYith e.l.3, lass% w%ehes, 

Your letter ~f the 4th h a arrived tWa ncment. 1 hre& tb 

the 25th of Say at 7.45 &+E. be cslleb oa me ahih I was farcrfing lay 

aoffes SPi bed ta te13. m that h* bad deefded to go and at atzcs. 

S s ~1~J;fer hats Bean $Zsoulas%d a falrtn5,ght before t&aI, by h9,m a d 

AVB~Q~ aad Pven~l had mitten an sg.1~ssd letter &o MZifax my- 

that I!kaaIc was n.e9&8 hem, %'hen he cane to SW me it was G~Q~~JLF 

the nnrztter had ene beyond discussion, but I felt %t sufficiently 

to ay Z ha8 sgeat t b early >;rapt of lifr gforkfxlg fox what 

seenett ar lost csum asd peshapa I s ~ fate8 s to spend nty later years 

;Pox lodag; anether* bat, for the present at any rate, 3 was

coalfincssd ay &lace lay here and I would stay aile that aonvic%sion 

seaaimred, if our 03d idian dld not raake it impossible. Three &ya 

later P~~ b d left acnd his hupiture had been removed to the 

Leqgue, The fsl;znil;y bad already gone a fortnight before to 

Bendaye, 

You had left before our nos% bectPc dsys which were the 34th 

to the 18th of -3 when suddenly S itserland felt under a wry 

%mediate threat of invasion. The in-sian was ersaoted PPterally 

fraa nraaent to aoraent durJ,zag the nights of the llfjth and ldth, You 

am eess there was f'urar and rapid mesmres taken aLl lover Switr&es- 

land and %B these W% h&& our part. Bnf~rtanately~ a5 you may 

mmen'ber, it b d net been allowed thaat yreUminetqy arrmag%nen*s 

sha~Id be while +here astit a aaxtain amdunt of traquility* 

The result nrs that a plan hsd to be &em I@ with&literallr s 

fen heura, 1-8 no %he ta f?eX huly ~er49011paf coneem Zwt P 

&all newer forget that reek, If you m ~ad ca soas t%e, T: shall 

gAve ~ O U a few tlmab-mil sketchies. 

To g~ back $0 Frr;knk, h0 reached BarWux probbly s 9~eek ago 

to "tr"g %a gef a sup fa Bagland lsaviw the fes933 at .Betn*ye, but 

I kriive no news abnce: he hopss fo get work in the F.O., hut er 

letter mitten frua the B.0, aevexaP days after h58 dergraxturrrc fzroa 

Geneva to 8vena3. that thsx believed his place for the tinse 

'being was here, Amno1 is of course wild about A t and br&ly 

$repared to ~ake sufficient allowance far ths.entotio~s2 calf. of 

arork a% ~QBLB. Tau %i12 probably hve a Xe.tt@r earn &.E&& sa soon

aiar tbie remehers ~roa, tellfng you w b t be thought. 

T~ur second teIapa3a to Lolredsr cane while he =a etbaent 

ia View where he bat& goner to brZsrg hfs family back to Ceaevs* 

It ?;ens from his Depsrtueat to Avenol and the reply (wh~ch I saw) 

waa apgro-d by Ammlr I thought it ~eP1 ttr send YOU ik 

Y e q much Bore than ever before f am unable to forecast 

polfcfr hare an4 in ~eagecfs S my confPih it has ahanged 

- 

~5th extpanr mgiditp. As awe op%n%on at th. mament, 

(f ,a, *h8 S.D.*s oyinrfon) Bivisibn of the Sscretarbt ts 

of any rslemsatra aver the Wean* 3f.e stand bg her6 in Gene= 

W 

until it ~COFBP~S &~~ossl&ble~ we may berbe far w~at pmcfiad 

rptaglioos to Let t39s elmant of the T r o a v &ad the ~ersonael. 

aids asfablieh tbmselvr~as in VAohigrp but Vichy ha8 rapidly 

dsclfaed An value& the ceater of Rrw~os is being thronged wifh 

aill5onle of rstf\;tgeleag the acttry af Italy ri33 lead to etvacue%l 

harm a horr%blte vbisa of us go* as another bunch af r~ftqgeers, 

r~licy a y cmge with levents, but yam wSXl guess that m1-p 

bearuses moss and aura difficultl own aind seems to be 

by a final scuttle1 There are of caut.ss other aXternatives 

ancl yau must not take me too serioucly and pl~sr~ars not ahow

this to myone, Fhers saay, for ezampla, be pressure on 

Ssitse~land; our rgally gallant hosts have been pronaisedl that 

they sill naf h invaded ff they do aat direc%ly or fndi.reatly 

help &!X. lursaolini*a enemiesl I doubt very much if be 

considers ua at the present time as of s~fficient hgbrtamcu 

to mssft a fen shells, although ft is true that last sight, 

between two and fhrere, @me unknown issxugllan95 did &og by 

accident a fen boslbs on Cbarapal and Caraw. 

At any mt+, althuugh Z c-ot offer you a clear wad 

pemanent pbcZure of the future beyond a day rrr tmo (ay sernsa 

of haour), I PI WLPO I -8 rt&t in askiag you to slor dam 

cm your invearti.$stfan into .pu~~~ibflil;~e~ on Four sidle; Ales 

Loveday haa Just tt3e;pboaeil to ~ls aad L sum he CQB~~S with 

gmr letter to did;ji.scuarp it. 

Irtar: you rill probodlp hear fmn Blw personally. 

Had another talk ~ 5th S&* who sssa the picture sis~l~ as Geneva bejag O U ~ port ~tad our Job to stmd rat f t, I 

swre, as you know, that; tk8 priacf~le f S ri@%3 I hte held 

even Bore oonsi~lrtentlly than others thst H,& at leaat mat 

not Zook far too H~UC~ shelter. But f hose S.G. fs aot 

s33?iplifyhg 0x42 ase too much* 

krthu~ Srrcleteer, Ssq., 

B,Vest 40% Street, 

Hew Pork. U,Sdi.

the preswe of varr b@velopments in spits of the fact tht 

te~1psrarfIy Sn Swftzerlsnd therm ia a Julfr I trz %o kmg people 

from reachiw to the ahlw~s wery half ham arna frum thLlkiq tao 

muoh &lout affaira, 1 faeX tbt if we, 1st aas*cs bagfnatioz~ B;tlce3il 

on ahsf 18 go* on* lone would si4p2g beeme a wreck and that IM 

need to keep a @p am owlee%ves, not oa3ly for what r-ins of our 

work mad reerpaaaibilitfes, but also Ita be able fe face cm? aaa 

share of tm~bler Them iila r tsaikenc;~, probB23r inev%tabla, for 

even thg best to rrsi* arorxi~id talkfng and ~irpecalating and it 

amss&iag ba quickly moths9 ecsf sets in s egSra3 rum mtfl era 

tml.ngSag busily rwad eat Ithe p& of teinaicm or ells* in a hell off 

d,e$rasrsion3 This io a bit extrms psrrkgsg them %a p3-t~ of 

level hesdad sslf-coatroli a d our hmzta are aP2 wkth %he ~asn ~hs 

are PMH~ ~~rry%rqg the bU3de~~ of the &p. 1% fa fiteFBSXy 

iaaparrsSbPs for =a to exrvisage rr 3W.wpe daataated by the nalei~l and 

X quite firmly and sincerelr believe ft will never cme. I$ looks 

hawaver as though you ysople msg ham to decide which they poleat 

to see and Ihe sigas are hopehl and enoouraiyhg. 

The Up f0l the S@CTS~&T~~L~ %S YUC~ 8 h- Was, 

tbW, reaarkably good in trhs clrowns%ancles, Its applicat;ioa was 

eoaewhat different fron urhst was snviwqged; you ~221 probably ham

xeoeived s copy of tbe Siiret circuZar cozltainiaa; fts mbstm~e~ 

The yositi~n was coarglioated by +her slelitent introduced ip %he 

intesesf of thotile m8]igb@~s of the staff who ~a;tld Z%2q~fs~ 

aubst~mtfrr2 % ream rrsetSlsnterits in urn wuy or mather* Another 

cmplicmtian has been on the noney si&e, 8e&uctions htrv;e: since 

been akadg for mrious reasons to reduce the rs~pmrsfbilily which, 

in spite of all. disclahers, exist ss to evacuation. Xlabsrate 

plans have been dram up for that, but I am very daubtfu5 if they 

Wiaaat p;oS back Xast nigh% frum a visit to Paris and Loadcm wd 

I dont% kaoa what be bras brout:ght, but T doubt if it is Bore fhn 

PFth regard to the League there fs grobbly sonet littZe 

dfvargtmc~ 58 Britieh and k.sscb ~olicgrl. Ht~lifou te18,'358pbd 

(proboblg inspired) agmpathiring spd %ncoura@ng Bntnal in mdearour- 

to keog a aa*hg Secr~tariat; but io &.snoet they look ~ O F 

nothbg nore tban a noraZ. nucleusl, Xa fact the matter is %ha% i.a 

~ueh thes zsobady can spare a fhwdgbd for us. Ten -grr &g@ wiLh 

4% snm2.1 Cosmit4;ee, J gut x q 8 new b~~heme for a warking Secretariat; 

at Gewm based on gossibls oct9vftSss road what sesaln~d of the 

It seemed to Avenal and Jacklh to be rauch too expasivs an4 S 

meeting of the Sugnnrlsor~r CorwnitBee aa~ ~4alLed for the 17th of 

dtme5 whether this can take place is 2rablemstical. 9: heard, by 

the say, that Harmbro has reached Landon a;nd tbt ColiJrr has escaped

&omn EolLartd and -B is ~axie a bg OX two ago+ It wOUjtd be 

veq helpful to Ave~o3. if could share respansSb?ilStles Sn twt 

my, but although ha ha8 now l&i& &own that we ata*3jr here ur;df.tribe& 

(Q&% resin& me of a griezly acriytural quotation), th%xqgs arft 

still in a eertain flux a d will not take f%nal. form proWbTy for 

same time, 

Jab+ has Just shown ace the rr3inoaton Wniversity 5nvi.t;atioa. 

mt, and mother and grohbly fina1 Lo.rreday-Avj;ln~l row, &vs 

gives me a wdeligbtfuZw how, But thubsr up, %@'l1 see later 

about *Foss ~$3- 

25th JDQ, L9qO. ?-WI 

TiE iJQLITICAL DWRGLZ* 

%%%h a hxampe conziisting of dllicd or conquered StaZ;sas, ox 

States rithwt rul liberty, 06nld Cawany and Italy avrke of the 

Far rs tue t;h~re woaf d be s necese;rity pr~kblty $0 gove~rt 

ef tber BTmatfy, ar through subject Govermri@n%~~ on pumsl_$ silitaqr 

lines; but %here would however be a eerttain amount of pu2itieal 

indf-gestion for which & partia2 rclgeay ra%gbt be to @P@ a semblance 

of order, 1egalft3i an8 s 'CPOIOC 

5x1 affairs to certain rrs,ressntative# 

of the peo>Ies, This would ::-in taddf"buna3. force if ;a ctuntiaent;ctl 

anti-blockade plan could be deve2oy;tud a d strong econoalc measwrog 

had to 'be enforced In the most ~alatab3.e fsm, %ith an air a£ 

Justice, cornan cause, and even of freed=* In such circumstances 

ysoy8ganda thsaughout the world rti#ul& WVB e, Icrc~ of o%vf o'ris

mluei a d Berx Bitler hss raised already same speouletion in 

talking of "a new order in Sus~pa"~ This nay be ao xiore t b 

.phrase, but %here m y be s defi.rsi%e saad low-view behind it. 

k"tren without the League of &atirxas, of course, s Puso;lean 

Confereaoe could be called which would yroba~s a C B T ~ ~ ~ out X I 

of the same eoonunic rssulta, but if the legal frw~re-work of the 

League cou3.d be used, the sett- ~roula have a different air, 

%%ile a osstfge of the Lea- ~ltrachinery semikW here, it 

aouad bra 843t in motiba Iegal1j and ~unf~fifutSona~fy by request of 

m League Golv~~nt to stznmast a Confiesa~~e of kuropeaa Pcabers 

of the halgue, Stlch a ;tnreetiqg craul-6 of cumse Savite liroenlg non- 

nemlmr State ia 3wrope to yart5~5ija%e in it;^ bl5ber&tionsl 

Sach scti~n co11I.r3 be carried wt Af no-thing maa%ae& of t h 

Ssare*%t the *c3tarpCea.em%;L -c -7 - * 

If the %cretazy&ert8r1~1 verse no% available, illisgal use 

ca2d of cowli4e be sade of the hague buf ldings, bu% it would be em 

a

ZiGC O&D ClP_q OEJlPEgS-ifa (The Official ~ecord) 

b.1; the re~egt of W, Xellly, British &ia%ct-er 5.n Berne, kia 

a6 Livis,gston am received by the &cretary-Gs;neral 19 the 

mar* of June 27th at 11 u*ztloek, BT. Agjhaiaes attended the 

%e1Pg said that rerlthcnzgh cul. the fns'tructions sF hi8 

Gomrm9ent, he had prep&red s P&# verble which, at the end of 

the conwraation, he 18uld haad to the Slecretetry-p@ne&* be %add 

the puegtiolr of the invitation by the i~rincaton Eaiversitr should 

be considered ss an ~ fficirrl proyoaitlon bp Bis UasJesty*~ Govern- 

ment Chist %ha% Snrf%atisn dmdid be aacepted, 9nd that 

taohaimZ aorrlcoa shollld be glren as olpyocfruritx cf coatirming in 

%he O.S,b* the* aseM we&* 

fa case the hv%t%tio~ '606 been turned doan bj the Secretary- 

Oegeral, Bfs Dove~%nZ s a d m~1~8at the SB~reZq-Gew~rnX to 

revoke the refua~tel I 

The Secrrtaq&eneral said thst the p~.090801 IIT. KeZly nab 

- - 

lrul bblf of bSs Gove~uaent -a a nsPr elmeat in %file sitaation on& 

Re than explained how the lprrttcr stuod. &E hsd already 

bsnded over to &re Liviqstcn thr! entire dooaiiar on thia q ostfon, 

- aad srar agpeeared fropp the reply he the S~.crr?tary-Gen6tra3, - had

arertt to the i/seofdeat of the krirsoston University, it rrould 

certainly not be said that he had ri3fusaii the invit&tion, Th9 

veue of the aei& &one by the tachnical services m@ ctf efXy due 

%a the face that their internatianal status embled them, to obtain 

from Govemment~, thruugh the Secretasy-General, such fait8 ss ns 

yrfvate Snstitutf on had so far been able t o krocure, b d the 

Seeretay-kne~al fsmedirtely aoceyted to send hi8 technical staff 

to the U,Slh,, %bat ebff, as from the time they disembarked Sa 

&erica, mould be treated ss private yereuns by the U.SJ 

amthoritfes. He, aes Secretary-Grtnerat3, had no aufhor%ty therefore 

to bring about such a FuniWaental change in the status OS: those 

the m3.ue of their work so auch that that work naad be rebee4 

ta the IeveS of say other ~trfffcial srcradeaic pabLicatianrt, 

produeet3 a13 over the T Q ~ X by ~ tr.tBer rpnr;iaen% sMtf srticimm m& 

mti-2 status of these off$ciale, the SecrstiPry-GenereLr hail aenf 

the reply, of wbich a cog3 had been given to %?re Lfvfn$stm+ 

Stddsatly, the generaus su%hors of the prapo%aX wald harm to 

see 0pkzeWer the herican avthoxf tie8 would Be will rag to reaagnise 

the htamtatioaa3. status of Zbeae official S. 

Furthemore, constitutiorza'f-ly the transfer of a21 er art of 

the Sezrstsrfat could only be coutenylated if the initS&tive were 

taken by one or nore States* In other xords, it was for the 

American Govement to dec5de whether it could+ if not scL.tnally

invite all or ~1ar.t of the Secretaria*, at lstost to authorise sueh 

tmnaferr ss is in2lied by the invttation of the i.rinoa.top 

1Sniverait;y by 

such v 

authoriaatf 

L ,. _..__- on invof ?ii.the saf e~f:+rrsd of the %ater- 

xllstionsl s.t;afr;rs of OW offfcials* 

Mr. Eelly s&%d that he aypmei%tcd the purport of pofnt 

rai~re8 'by the 5ecretrtry-Cenerrrl, wbfch no doubt arrza;, an hporhst 

one, e~nd which be would convey to hfs Cooesxlfaent, 

The ScretsLrj-Genema2, then mid that he ha8 e3cylsineti Mm 

particu381.s of thia questkoa to Er. TitWaa) the U.S. absernr 

raccre8itr;d to %be League of fqatlioas, dth a request that he ;infoam 

%he State Deperrfaent. 

$32. Tft- had, bx the way* caW2yed to %h@ Secrsw- 

Gensrsl hias pers-3, feel-a dth regamd to the 2rbc*hn 3re@ed, 

o&&img tbt he did rse entirely us his osn rusoount ~taa mithouf 

ctmtmitt3.q the State Deyartaaerrat. &B viw me tbt it was BZghf.f 

&aitistlve Sa the sattrsrl El% had 83sa agreed .to the pobt con- 

cerning the enzpor.t;anoe of safeparding t;h9 intemationd s-tus of 

our eechnteasJ. rxger*s, since if this was not secured, thez would 

be c~naiderard hi America aa priva%e individuals. 

l&. Titlaban rr;rsl going to see the Sscmtiary-General at 2.2 

o*clock when he, X, livenol, would acquaint hSla of the progaaal au~tb 

'by m. Yelly on behalf of the X?,$* Covemunertt. 

The I3ritfs.h &{iniater then passed to asother point on which 

he had sacrsfved 5nstsuations ikon his Govesnwent fo make anquiries,

f .U*, the cpestioa of the transfer 2;0 irs Intet~~eertfsnal bbour 

Offi6e ~f the technical services. Ris Government were feas keen 

on this transfer a d had a d5sliact preTes@ncs for the rrrinceton 

Uai~ersS%y invitation. 

The Secretary General - fully e~loined to him how the sattsr 

stood, fend why he had started unofficial aonveraartions wtith Pr. 

%inant on this po%nt* The odvs~~tiacges of a transfer to the 1,L.O. 

were exactly those whicrh ths Secretary-General had been ende~ootzr- 

ing to secuse when he had first received the i~incetoe 3niversity 

PnvStation, In other words, this transfer would not affect %h0 

likely yeraon to obtain an invitation to go to Bmsrica, in which 

cam the t~~~~~ftbrr44d S~O~FP~CBB 10~3.d &U to the tl,SdL, It 

=a, of emset ~nderstood that tbie transfer would not ea%fl a 

constit;ut%r>nal I ~ ~ F C U wSth ~ C the ~ Se~retarZ~t~ OUT te~hniea3. 

wrdass oaly temporarily ham %a be housed in the Lssbour Office, 

and %?m +Direetor of the 1,L.O. ecfing, so to speak, by delegatierr 

of tbe SecretarpGen~ri151l. The constitut%oWl %%as betarem the 

Secretary-Gentsral's authcrs9ty would be exercised prov5sionaI&y 

by delegation t o the Uirec-tor of the X.Z.0. 

Er.. Kellv -id that his Coverwrient were anxious to be tlssuxwd 

that the Secretary4enersl p,rouldl before Wine such a stes, 

conera t IPi"ember States,

The SscretarpGeneraS ssstn~ed him that such %ere his own 

in%rsntions* fncridenfally, the Secretary-General soul& also, %n 

the case of the irincston Gniver~fty invitdiion, heve to consult 

Eember States before aocegting such invitation, even if the 

Wnited States exgressed the view that they had no ab$%ction to 

such tranefer. 

M. E[elfg mid that he understood the Seorretary4r;nerslas 

preoccupatSoas and he would inforxa the Frrseigp Office ercoordSagly, 

W 

&bf~m leaoin~, he said he aould mirss a Xarst guestfon, and 

that was %h@ fwthsr a~ypressisne which were aontcmplated in the 

staff of the Sec~etarht. Government wrs aost anxious that 

the serPfcss of the SecreLsriat 8h~u1d, as far aa possible, be 

United Kingdam Csvft~eat &Pd. not fee2 very hayyy about %h% asre 

heavy re&ations bkZng place, H@ a&sd the Secretary-General 

Bow rsaqgr prwsons he intended to dismiss. 

The Secretary-Cenera2 said shut me hun&redi. 3f me addsr to 

that figure *hose mhos~e transfer to the 3,L.O. is carrvisageh, tbt 

roula leave h3.m vifh a tnery reawed st;Pi.fr to attend to the ratf;6%23ing 

non-tschrif cm3 act.ivi4;ies whf ch were still guIng on. 

Er. Kellg refsr;~sd to the Brftish staff still sn the 

Sscrerbrist, skating t hS hs was much concerned as to thrtgr f~ts, 

The Secretary-General said that he did not think it in;possible 

for them to regain their country since in a few days csrt&in means 

of cozrtfutlica%f on wou1d be available.

m. Xellg -id that if the British staff lost their Sater- 

national status before their safe degarture becoassl yosrsible, it 

watild ?E lm~s~iible for tbm to avoid hsrdshfy as the oay 

pmtectioa, Le., the status of infsmfional afficiala and ths 

immmi%isas resulting .t;herxefrorci, would dimggear, an& Chc;y would 

thusl sun all -sor%s of risks* 

The Seoratary-Geaera3, said that the S1f ss authoxitZse and hrs 

hinaelf would, of course, ao all in their power to help &n the, 

~ircurastcnnces, and Sn view of the p&rticuPar poeitian in which tha 

British rare pPaced, the best; thing would be for them to hie fn 

therfr owl caulltrg as soon aar passibb, esgsc5allr a8 thq seem%& 

to be %a P tta$%t of narked arlasrril. 

Er. Ee11y wondered whether the Britiah were sore seamd than 

any others. 

fsel%ng n ~*c3yu far soate tb@ past* 

TonrB~ the end of the conrrerssf;ion, Ex, Xslly ask@& %ha 

Socr~ta~-GenetraL if, fn case of o transfer of the teohnioa3 

glsrvioes to m*rinestoa, the Laapa * S budget muld coatribuf 9. 

The 3ecrretaryiC.sner~bf. sal& he, did not %hi& he had G b 

raight fo spent3 mney far wrhrch one could not expect any rs.t;uma. 

Er. KeUr aafd that ia view of the 5nti;ortance of thPs 

tachrrioal work, 5% sight be yossibla for Bia Governneat to

The Sacrstary-G.enera2 sai8 he could not @snf&o1plate aa,rsk-5a$ 

say Govmmmsnt fox fresh mds for so uaaerttlin pr puz'l~ose~ 

$ghPidea was present at above meet;inga Ee mid to me 

illlgtsdidltilrly aftremrda %hat he herd never seen the of ff cstal 

regrssentrative of a cmtry treated by .~i Se~r-Ge~i. h~ mch a 

marmsr a# @ho- by bolenol, 

At the SecrcetaxpGenes&3.*s reguest* Fs. Ti.ttmaa yaSd him tl 

visit at P2 ~~c2ock ua J~ULB~ 27t;h. W. Agh%&ea =er p=serr;t et 

the intlbfc~tSpb*. 

The Secr+ta~3f-Cm~m1 at onoa I#fomd his ~f th6 vf 85% laf 

L 

Ultg &.ftiak Hinile er at ~r1ctbt a ~ of d the pxoposaJ, sphich the latter 

bad mde fn reera to the SJLvitEb&50n af %be ~T%~cB%Qs B~~Iver~d%ty. 

The 'Udted KZngiitoa Gavera~lsnt; were tbbs taking M 3nitirtim %B 

ttr&g that; %ha Sscr@t;lhrg-Cez~est3-1 should. aac=ept tbst in~ita.t;i@#. 

iphe 3acre~-Genartal 9xylaSmed af length what b d plme 

in tbe inter&%. batroan the British teinister and himself (sec 

rele~aat record o f convermf ian) .

mdsrsfood the %cre.t;a3~gr-General, he, B. 'FS.ttnaca* wou3.d have te 

Warn his Qover~~~ent of the Br5ti~h pr~posal, and report to %he 

Sscr-fsry-GenbfzmL, the flews of the State Pesartmrrt therab~a. Be 

further abnder~tood f hsr& the Srcrcrrcbbry-General did not mally 

the U.SI Cov-68t &auZd authorise the hctionine; of %he 

ssrrvicles %-a ~X%IZG~~U~, w%tb Zhe recopition of She internsr%i~na2 

sQBtu8 of the of ficSaZs* 

OR ~eat3.o~ put to hirs by W e iP%tt-, the S Q W 0 ~ ~ 

Cen~~al reaswed hia that 5% wae not so ~fucls *he queatiea of 

tUplu18tic pr5vilsges ails of the raa%nteaancs for these offic2ala 

of their intsmtional etait;us WUC~ alone earabl~d tbm to 

he had rmsfwcrd fmn 33emb0, who was a bis to the Uzi.%fsd 

Stabs, whem ha, aaultZ no doubt Join bfa 8ff"orSa to those QP Er. 

Axthr S3.f sert 

W. Yi&-grc1laia~r9& fs hfornt Ihs Searebry-General as rsewa 

as he bad rtsoeSoeta a reply frosn the Sbta Sfapartnent. 

The Secratery-Osaer~leai& that in She lervsnt of %he reglr being 

% ~osltl~u one, he WGBZ~, of Q@-@%# GODS&?.% lW@berr 

St;rs~tes before giring effect to ariy echema af transfer. 

From Agbn9Be~r Oarittradt HWt,fiirt you told ate you would not in 

any case aocegt an inv$ta/fonn. 

T3.t-a.

HOT& SUBSE*,U;i?^jq!LY DXCTATLD P {Pate e nof quf te certain) 

( W. 467 -%W) 

29th J-er 1340e 

Pisquie%ing asnoun.oemsnt front Buxdesd.wc OB the 9;kench wirefesa. 

-a evening JIB. sent League lorries for all hfa potroonaX 

IbslongSn,p;a at Via& wf f hout inf ormiw anyone aad P@#.rt.ing League 

seerst gaper8 and the &ug8-ri, of the l~ttaff at Vichp 

June 2Istd94Os 

At a Diretstara"eeting LA* skfd he prososed traasfes ef 

June 22ndd44-6)- 

X sent to VSchy for League @%pars, 

I r~seived 16asp deyutstlon fros British Cuzaaaamaith staff 

bere concerned a@ to &oxasf'2siXftp of" rc;.+umr un oose sepa~ste 

SngiXanh, igaestioas raised. desft w&tB adsSaristrative poines and 

also yoinZ as for %xmi$le, theis moral 2ositrfon vls4-vis the 

Letzgus if an opportunity of ;re$atriation occurred and they took it, 

Avenol - 3.8. eaf let3 me imediately afterwards 3.n a vialent 

tamper, askad me what -S eoing onl X elclllained; he denounced

British staff as ooluarda) n smerhaf violent altarcetion 

f oXlorritrS* 

(&a June 20th I W talk with J.A. in which he ras coray1etel.y 

ugcorztsollab; on 21at, a few of us =et I.L.O. re~resenCoti?ms 

when J,A. was ~.~,lm, ballaneed, weP1-bs;b~ed; on 22nd 1 had 

;ttnotber ~lsseflixsg when seen 6 a si-s of being wrbl;~tnoed. 

Them aud&en ehmage~ caused ne t o reflect OD possible crauaes, 

(artificial aids), ac nuch had I lost confidence and respect.) 

DiscussSona repr&%ag krfneeton Unf mrsf ty of fez. 3 ,A. sees 

[h p. ~cr.~: TUL~~*) 

Fit- an& inforas h b &hat Zne will not in any case aceopt mq 

J.A, cortsuIte& Pimctrsra re form of reply to &~inoeton. I 

asked if as were d9scuso%ng the substance or ad3 the &afting: ~rr4 

3Sabxw, favuu-g f.rkncetan offer, 

Later still, visst Kelly requestiq that offer 

bo accepted, that if already refused, refusal shoukd be withdram 

Sven before t b t"ren1ah oPffc9aZ re~uesf for an amfstice, 

J.B. 3md raadar u;~, his mfnd rae to future; bsstd suddenly deeided 

definitely that he would not rt.sQm; said severkl tines he riehed

to get rid or British otgff and said he would eadezkvous to 

faoilitate their do~arZ;u~0- 

3,, ~t~lle~d me and 'tfirtudlly chased me with conayirJ.ng with 

Sweetaer %0 produce the Ir3.ncatua offer, Very vigorous rsscti.rm 

on gi.gpx% Subsequent oo;n.lrersatiorr ctklnebd down t;o msmozm'ble 

lsvrel. I inaAstsd on xny V56w of the sltuat5an. 3 had 

Tor aonkhs urge& the ~meval, of tetchnleal sectfons, insoafsrtiag %ha% 

f;i,c$.s ppuief a* hers to faoa physiaa3, daqgera or ttiscmfo~t8 of 

the el;;iected invasions The positiun now c**&r 

physScal danger had passed, Saw thought tbt not a y 

should the 

TachnicrrP scrat%ons mov@, 'trtrt also Z;hs i%eadqwrt~rs. T!br# wuuPd 

lit%&@ enough w~rk elsewherzlr, but noae couXd be done here; little 

ipuaiey ornrld M colfrectcd from the States elsewhere, but none would 

be gat here) %he S&, shuu9.8 nsve algog were Utb ctitfes 

abroad tph-e a Rsaub S.G* would ru3t be 1~ncmifarhbZe. 

J, then tola Be hs, had fiaally deaftied Lo ~81~lain SIG* (Prfter 

very nmy thmatr fo rasiga) aad added that he did not forget he 

had been aygsinted Sscretaq-Geaeml by 50 States *;Dacludfz~& 

CBTJP~ &ad Xta3yn3 

X ended %he coawrrsst&an - irzhstcb bad reached a co~~tp&~atSv1~Iy 

friendly cbwactsr - by sayPng that L b d been go* througb a11

secret files * &pit3 rcrarallsdi %bat for seven ~ 1 3 our ~ s collaboration 

had been iritbntsita, though often difficullt* that 1 hfsd ~ivea 

ytsrs~nal loyalty together with honest, o&sn ~tdviurad anti it ppas the 

that he sttuuld finioh here in whatever way he fiafhitzed, 

honaurably asd with a cleran sheet+ 

Ee l%steneii to this ~~)ma'fokrat sakntbcmtal ap~real, 8aPd hrs, 

aau38 L3~ga and then gave rae a alsesaage for the British shff tbt 

he wou5.d try to get tbm out of Geneva with every possibfed 

facS1bty-t 

Qnthis same drag.% hSe aimlacr sent to staff. 

There had been a eonrsultatisn ~5th Pisectars aa the nec-earaitg 

$0 reduce eltpeadiGurat zuld ft bad been proposed that m erfor+ 

~lauuXd be m&a LO fin4 Q U ~ who @naraPl;v wishad fa resign h orher 

differmt to what had been agr&ed upon. It ended rfth what aaa 

f0~1~u3.a of rasfgxzrrGSoap no* anlly was Pt; virtually as order* 

Ot =a made &am that the condi&iona; o f resipatiua 3aid bwa by 

iss8mbl;p weuXd probably no% be applicable to any one W ~ Q d3B not 

and progo-ls and aertainlg no a@e.eaentl

harsh words recently rrschan&ed and he had detenaiaea to finish 

%ith a clean srheetn13 

Stroa afer him $iFhnibs rzsr J.A. Again violent outbursting 

agaAnst Great Britain; said she would nos exgrate her erh191~ that 

Tlitler and ~ussofini were great Ben, tbt 8. -as not neaesr~arily 

opposed to o League and had admired our Sacas work, etc. Said 

tbt British staff wodd sBortZy hve gone. &haides eaid LA. 

wouZd no& enutely eena away every Brit%* xnsHiber of staff, tertainly 

he would ks0~ I~Kf~~~-Vooc%e - $*A, r~plfgrfi Bat S t keep 

him either# But aau.28 not send the= all amy, said Aghnf desr 

saTd J.A., "X won't have sent the^ &way, they ail3 have 

cone... like mb2,ftatH 

Abmt tMis tioae J,h. @rant a message ta I. Loveday offerkng 

31- a six moatklia nis~fon in heriw slime will *X1 pay arrd before 

he gets a =ply boasted a nuatber of t bes that L. was go$= rand 

Chiitrron taking charge of the tiacbaicaX aerv$cse. Jn faot La did 

not consider the >xoigosal fox a mor&rent, A mgu&n. 

IS! p* 4C7 

On June (P 182h) aade s n- ot on the isosaibility of the 

League -oh%nexgr in Euoye being used fa sn zumeutml way in the 

interest of certain d'owers, envlmgZng also a possible league of 

European States using oeir name snd acting under %he d;lr=tation of

osPtaia non-mexabsse for the Wther condrnot of the war, (sent 

to Kslly, Berm.) 

Si#ae nzy first exgose of policy in tbe new sitution and tm 

+%mrswisterde?a~~ J.A. ueased to asll. me ancl @bnPdos (fox aonths 

cwst aside) was much to hfs discorafort, made curt favourite. Told 

sle early tbt an effort was being made to manoauvre hfm into sale- 

thing he wml8 consider aersowallly @@ddisPhonourablsn ;and he sddod 

that LA. msr now endeavousiag ta belittle rae and holding out to 

Aghidss vague but tewtfag mgg~srtians. I bad far slctlrne nonkbrrr 

been ouuntiag tenure of office for different rsdseoaza frogl mon.th 

to aunth, zrnd later Froftl. week to wek, but at this period X dairy 

ax,ected an intiaat;ion ars %o ay fitwet 3 would mt be 

Heverfheless, despite personal fntessats and inclinatfon, bid no% 

J ~ 3- Y 1940. 

On that day hesLFd Itbf Jaaklfn, vkto bad been considered by 

3.A. campletely indi~panaa"bZ8, had Been inforraed that he wan2ii be 

allowad to go when he wished. JaaklSn mid he soul& not g@ util 

his 30b 9988 f%ZkA~lP@ds Sin~.%taneoulaly cme TCL8 &%SS Lette~ 

that Chrorrm -a the Tre&stzxer-desZgmte. 

On this &g, too, got first word of expected attempt ts 

ap2raach Camany, J.A. asked hghnides Zf he could be in touch 

with Dr. LraueX, Gemrraa C~nsul. redt,

4th July, 1940. 

gfu'caw CPrWas issued by Avenol, saying aot enough ~esigastion~s 

reoefved and tbeataning wtian before the 0th of July. 

Saett; by LA. hsd oonsdtertions with Aghnideb~a -6 %rlstad 

(Bomyf regarding theis grouper, MO c6nsdtatioa with Loveby. 

Ileaw cuts proposed, intluding ~irtuall;p fast of fetaraua Yesltb 

Sec.t;i~n, I had Snt~rvieurs with both also. Skylsfrad and Aghriidlers 

both yrogocbrttd to Avsknal tbf ao%Mng slhuuld be done? without a, 

3kh dfulyr 1940. 

of Pirec%orarl lie thrsrr. agreed. 

J,Al aa* Viglir and gfctureb to hirm a new Pmnce, which was to 

be g2ven a new soul to work in collaboration with Germrig md XtaQ? 

an4 keep the Ssitish out of Curoyep was also %&in viol@n&ly ant%- 

3x2 %Ss& md asked V%pl% would he .go and see La-l, who is hjle 

faater-brother, VQZs qgesled he shou38 go bixaself, J.A. saiQ 

it was imgossfiblet VPyle mid he wauXd not for a ~rtoa~srr% conatf Qer 

Wmeie, ia any case, as he had low been known as "ZeL r901est%qwe 

des -#isn, that; the Vichy Gowrnnexlt could nut la~it, except 

with &?man m ilitary suggort, that anybody who Ud anything to 

do with French affagrs mould be wall advised to keeg out of' France 

far a c~nsidsrable time and, f%~lly said, qusite bmrsqueZy, that

JIA. should not ssiX the honour both of Prance an8 hbself in 

v%er of his yosition, Conversatioa lasted well over a;a hour, rev 

~uch on these lines, It was mabaotsueatly* however, that Jade 

asked hrdu, (Arg~ntlns, faeslber of SW.C~~.) if hs -m in touoh 

wSth h, #rraueI. 

Viple Ls a s%rasllge creature, yerssomlly umttxrtc%i~e~ who b e 

hia ear to thrs ground In French politics, better than %ifiyorre ia 

Geneva and he has s hablf of qufts brutal criticimy has the cap a9 

byortant people, ie.g.8 seven hours in the xgidae of the 

er5sia a far weeks ago with hSPte Einister of YugosLa~Aa, etc. Bis 

vartae of cartad unterapermd criticfrsim -is ema used, 1 ax told, ~5th 

his ox& Chief, A. Thams, shoe* Chef de Cabinet he msg with 

Uml, his cauain, durizt;r; the wnctZolza period it nar be astrtl8ted 

be did n ~t %pm %,H. 

Sub~equeatly be aar Glaarxoa, d o hrarsr been J,A19a oBhf a&v&set~ 

Wizkg the last tbree otseks e~nd whom VigZe r%@u?ds as "OS liatle 

PUP acme time J.A. b a been discussing with int%ividualr ia 

Secretariat and outside, possfbility of fuming a Direetaim, The 

idea seeaed to be this camSttes consirating of a few outsfders 

and a f ew insiders (%ncluding 3.) would be responsible with him for 

cunduc t of affairs - virtuallg bad-2icked suBatitu2lct 2or CcruncSX,

ibw,,%+k 

BurckMrdt (~w3.a~) and Burkqaxa (~olaiw). 

examined staff 12 st in view to reductions. Certain number W- 

a~leed fa, but additiana erere also ptro~oereli. to those lists for 

rstsntiaai surgrisfqly ft was rr very mbstant5el Zist and aot; 

fhe 6 to X2 yeogle be M rtnentioaed. Befleeting, however, I mm 

A$ .the sezng slrreetfng I: asked if and when our budge% would biat 

dram up for 1942* 3.A. mid he toad not do 2t with~ut Supar- 

x t ~ t a subetltrpfe fors rsrzsetgng, AZeo that tine poZitirssX gosi%ian 

of a pnppeJ; gpvermenf being sel up fln ~ajrlo), 

%deeting quite good* 3eosonabbe %a tone, We t3rrl expee%e& 

firewarktr, Aghaide8 didn't $1&repmahnELight 'ftef~re. MOP d5.d I* 

July 8th. 1940, 

On rscefvbg uy note regarding ia%ern;;rtiunal &%rac ttes af the 

staff, J.A. sent for me and argued as to the uaelesmesa of 

lookiw for any future outside Eboye. He did fl~t mentian the

British but said t MC Gemany would nilitarily duninate bkraye; 

farar, a osrtsim balance. I said that the bal~nce was rather atrr 

illusion risd ihPrt in any case At was aot the duty of the Secretariat 

to a3lticipetat decisfolrzr of that character. A trust bad been 

reposed in US and if great ch8t3,ges were to earns about, they should 

corn about wiSbout our active iatsrventfon in that directiczxa. Eh 

spoke of the deazos~i~limsatioa moagst officials wbo would not Wve 

*ark to dog 5 reglisd tfwt there was another sorsaX issue at stake, 

Be said he was not srzrca if Francs aould rsglain in the League a d 

what would then be the sitrzrrtion? Be antbcfy&*ed an increasing 

pressure aa Saitserlmd frua Gezsclang and otht rould then be the 

gositiun? 

In this connection he ~tlso,~poket about the bueslt; aid mid he 

ftmtd ne 3intentia3tt 05 gmgsrbg ono) he dsa mid iamething: rather 

vaguely about that the oure peogle e+'S;&y~?d at $re~eniti ;53L the 

Siecl.etlarfa.t;, &he leas raaouroes rsluld ==in far a szaa1ler -number. 

I replied that that aspect of it dSB not eater into ~y own conaidera.. 

itfon, except on the! que~lf5on o f the m%ssion sntmrsteB ta us all; 

seeing that solacetihing of %he League of ESstionrs should survim; 

events nbght gp a11 ia the direation 3.n which hs seatiaiptkted, but 

our o m auty ,reaaPnsd in my eyes quSto cleax, 

(%rote draft letter t o ~venol) 

Yuring an intorview the same day with Aghnidso, he added to 

PLis violent ahtm of the BrStish an at.t;ack on the U&, and even

Brit%& tPs rsas -4 ras sontewfuat astaniahed when it rss point#& 

out to ha tbat thia might bead to Turkish intervention; th+ 

Rmks, nbo wuXd acrt mat the! Ita,l.iwaraf in Syria, were on very 

good reXatlons with the SovSets. 

wUoot aXX i&gZieb off%ebials of t h Leqgae of %artirmrer 

left Grtaem on Wednesday gtnd Thuscshx, 'ilhera tern ahernt 9 

persans, end it i s ugd9prstood t'bt an* of thes r ao the Zomier 

1E9igXiarh Dndrta3.-Saacre~-o.Szae~ Les%;tar+ 1% is su,pp0%red tb.2 tfrar 

The faetst About 15 British oFfS~isiLs from S. &1 I., an& 

BsZrTa 2aft for "-1-4 by 'bus. Eke Lcstcrr not &eft.

lie gas plattbg for the cnsaies ~f U s ooun%~y before 

m offsr to Pay dolm arras ues mcepted; b had p3.rsas to plsalse 

thm before the blood of h58 mmmacred oomt~graen was coXdt 

he asoke with cdlfaplacsncy of a anew stste when the glory of the 

old rrss being mmglsbd under tfte tanks aof the invader) ha 

conlspfred to betrag the trust glacriad .tpn Na &nd to aorzu;pt tb 

hoaour of hf s asssciaCas 533 a debased self-%aterest. A 

poBapons @elf-opSniortlateil creature when reliarveil of fwla far 

his g(3;FISaa a3zd u s bslaag~a. 

Bave Just fcnurd a prugaganafs2 asap pub3ished by 21b ftIeQTeia 

prurty eBLFr7 fXt lgMJ 8h0Wiag Gex%im p18118 m3m year te ;gea;r, 193% 

1945. mf is striking %S Wf the %h@ &am %#'A a2P-S 

to br idant3a3c with the ~reearagt tuwifatice Xfne, W h a t abut 

LQth July& 1940, 

,/- 

E 

,.

5% far praea'kta 

Emrd at a later date (15/7) thst there were disoussiona 

fn the milvrsby ear at Ciompiegne. Gemana presented tern6 of 

amfstiae fa be signed aZthout a comma ekLange8. 

Italiianer, accessdiq to eye-aitaees of both, setasbed t l ~ e w ~ 

shanefacedt and after signature s+ Eme, party beam8 infu1~lf~~Z 

if nut friaadAy8f 

ZOth dnls,. 

Italian and 6e;~a~iaa pmsss totby erre bmtab92y candid to fbo 

lavalist Annals. lo indulgeace eau~dat&-s~l~t*, or for 

Paaciaf rerfoms, wntdssit prssm%ter aux yer~~ &+B laA12~gzle 

Ik&Zk~:9 ~~OUIF~X~%+ *,* h ~ tf;~~b fra1f~18tf le sblP 35198€?l@bI+ 

?' 

est responssble. Ls narvellc.'b'urope seas 6lisae ppr 1.8 

The jtasen~h rs;rrrry ha8 bsea brsken up* The ~sloaies 

dmflit;arised, 'Fbo flsaf ms%.alg in&It&&E.lsnd~s. The View 

peepls gae~g tm lPrgaclh anger and motion a$i4kinaf the British for s 

- tiraeb to ~crfqpard publit ardaz, to aurry f'avour with victors, 

to sarable %~eist system to be more easSPy applied. But the3 

have achieved only oas thSnqgt to be of nu atcount kby, efther 

to their former sneraies or their foraer frisads, And they 

merely enssure Zharf France wfll pay. Oh, great statesmend

R~uMz~, -PI to Cm~eva two months J*A* -%d. he vaa a 

rmti-Laogtlsj rq~resaxltsd also the? ~%ajc~-tiodea-Ca1(p.e~pt graupf 

hone in j&mce. 1 tried to sake him see affair frola less 

greJudicsd angie* 

3. nor tryiag to go to Borne, 3.8, hears of i% art& asked 

his fa cosas to see h91 today, &other rai~siortt 

mid be esuld msk+ a A%* them as PmncImea would now nmtd to 

&rrov Gernan, txu~13Pe VLLS to get Wte Frarzcs aad he tkught 

of agprmchfng 'M. %T&u*~, Gemwm Csn10.1% 4 

Ba-tuzn of We, Bfgier snb fmiiy frbsl Hende3.ye. One by 

(19) tried to get aboard British ship oesr~ring kolish aviortorrs to 

G,B: failed, The other one, in French Tank Corga, wants to 

deser2 to oin Britf sh arq. V, says both #re ashamed* Be 

thinks ChnrchiSl's attack an French fleet was a great mistake, 

glaring into hands of" Vieby ~C~V~?~ZZZB&IP~, which is developing anti-

Oi 

v 

9th JILLY, 1940~ 

Last nQfr AvenoL ~P;PIPDBC~~~ two persona f;JIiqZLgSing if they 

rere h touch with Sr. 3Zri~~el. 

This week he Ss sanding s mission to try to get ia t o~~~h 

with Lava1 

Tho pnssnt plrn (8th ~ulj) %a to use ths bague pochinsr). 

for a m+ h'uropean League. Say8 he fe not quits sure if HitSerr 

-&l% rant it but believes giIurasolin?l ail3 as 8 crruntets-W&9ce 40 

Eensmaarilitaary power. Aasamers -X-17 Bsfsat of Brifaia& 

expulsion from Bwopeap raffaira* United States p S8 $bare QP 

hi* eqpleamtbc hafzed of B.rlJ;a&n, f;iutaix&q firtxzally M non- 

-0pe~;ar 0% staF1F. 

!This gelicy m y be affected by r~oeption hir~ agent gpts af 

fiefig, Should it aof be fsrwmzmbX4 (h6 wAl1 $robably prepam 

as hagianing Sealrtsriat working for strictken Frame) balfaw ha 

will again r?api$fy resduce staff and &iquidata, probably re9latbztngf 

irt offioe h%ral~elf* 

One thing he nil1 not BOt tbt is to rmaa%n loyaX to Wtdr- 

aationa'l, %rust placed in M8 handsr 

B&ed if he 01&d aa mergermy pmg~lra budget fur 2941 mid 

he woulti no% and also refused suggastioa t o r3om~1unicate by tele- 

graph with Chaimm Strpsrrferoq Comesittee. 

(see 4.~0 note 2% Stog$aa&.j 

\

July 22tha 1940 

3 heard, in the most round-about fashion, that FittaP~, t b 

U,S. Cuasul, saw d. Avenol yssterday and Snfomed hia of the 

reoeigt from the State Dsyartnent of two telegmmtso one uss 

arP2Eing his inteations as t o the mainteaancm of the technicarl work 

of the League, srad the okher sore specifically as to keepiag 

ad equate staff for .earrrylng out the Drug Control work. 

J. is reported fa have informed the bericm Covertllrllent tkt 

he intended to keep the techioal work gofng, ptzrtionlarly the 

haacaiic fntellhge~~ca and Drug Control work, lore details ins to 

his declarations BFC~ not yet available* but as he ia refusing: 

aamplrately to consibr the budget far 3343, asd as he fs insist- 

ing on dimissing Steinig, (~ustrianr 3ewish). the best technical 

saan fn the &rug Section, it looks rather strange. 

Also heard toby in an indirect fashion, tbat he r ecald 

netioaarl Court, that hi? ~bgling %0 Geneva, bringhg with h* 

the Yrrbsidant of the Court, the Chinese Ju- and nine or ten 

off%cialrp; thaf he wuld arrivs via Bsla londay or Tuesday, 

Wrote to hfsa re 3feiaf.g a d Vigier. 

Bernborg tkeaten8ag to res- over Stefnig8s disla%ssal, 

14th July, 1940. 

Vinant went to London two weeke ago vfs Lisbon. Think he i s 

now trying to get JsLoOe to Cancads,

J.b, told Goodrich (u.s.A. delegate to 1.b.0.) that he 

would not hurry S ~ Q U 1941 ~ bude;.cptj that OctoBeP would be the 

enough; %hat b. Bitler liked the I/B better than I.L,O.; thot 

X .L,O. might survive but no% in Ewopa. 

15th July, 29Q. 

itenborg w e 

again to as. \Panted to go out of Switserland, 

Said he could get invjltation fm~t U.S,lh. to re-argani~s opim 

wozk there. Here they would be snuffaa out or handed orer to 

ASH, rand that voul&Qt plsiaaa same of ;tBea, incfudflag hharlf. 

Begged hin to be patient. Crisis m ight came soon and d.sr up 

Dear Seas, 

f haye read with the utreiost avfd52;y and interest your notes 

of the twelfth (me), thirteenth an& nineteenth, which all aslee 

together and which so strikingly illustrated the days and hours 

you have bean living through. I need not tell yau, I a sw, 

that ay heart is very such rith you all the tias end that ny 

thoughts are constantly going back to Geneva, 

It is terribly bra, of CO-use, to picture a%T thia af a

dfatanee but between re get ~I?OEI the press, w h t you wrote 

in your letter a d what my oun inactive imagfnation can gicture, 

it is possible t o get s somewhat general rdea, You can imagfne 

haw grateful. f m for the fuZlaetas of your letter, 

SILLY 16thr 1940. 

------------------- 

S.G. called a =%sting yeaterday morning* We first aealt 

with a freah invitation from ~.sincetoa Unf v~r.e%ty, Answering 

the argmenls which have been put up, Avenal agreed fa a prapoml 

from Loveday that he (L) should cumnanicatt the text to ths 

Brittab Government ss they hare shorn a, artrong interest in %he 

prupoml, In the aesntfiae he would infom W, Tittraan and rro 

further aotion woald be takes dt't the mesllsnt. 

(!&$B aoroing there aaa em addittonal .telsgrm~ frm Hatobxw 

in Her York, askPng for a oopy of %he US, Oovera~snt obrservstioas,) 

At the meting re then proceeded with the real abject, 

Avenol ostsned by referoncos to the great diffizultiea of' the SwSss 

Government in having the Leterme here, suggested that %hex mZ&f 

soell be under pressure froas the $ermans on the sctbject and thaf W 

should kelp, first by going into the Library (and thus looking 

more insignificant); secondly, a number of officials, including 

the High Direction who hsd no.thing to do directby with practical 

technical work, ebould be sent on leave. He himself proposed to 

appofnt one parson to act for him and retire to La relouse. 

He

c~uld not resiga as that wuld, he inferred, Piniskr this 

Secretariat, Them vas no body ia existanca at the ao~aent which 

could atlthoriisr, his retirlag. rwtd mentioned, 8s m exaapPs, thsf 

the power-of-att;orney given to the Treasumr wmkd lags% and the 

beas could zefbss to hand over our 9iseey. 

De flalla, called for, ssLd that there bad been no d&rchu 

of &;g kind from %he Swies Govera~ldnt, but left it to be bferxe4 

that the ratatemtant of the S.G. xoulzf be in accordance ~5th their 

wLBh@#r 

At %he ~estSng it beaarae knowa that Lftere ward aov 0r).1~ 65 

in.tesxmtbena1 of ff cials and about 35 Swiss, out of the 6W dieh 

were here twel.~rrs nentb~ ago. ft n s also lrtentioarrrd that the 

salam liat ras at the nomeat about 305 lower thltl that e13:vSeagud 

0pi.w) sho -era nweasaq, buf rho rere begng disris~ccl. 

U a srubtreqaent talk nitb sane of my colleagues, c19ole to 

Ihe uanclusfon that AvenoZ might send aaay AghnLdes, Skylswd and 

sysalf and, probabl~, wish to appoint as 39arLler, who has lately 

brsrr on mFs,rajzoa for h- to Besas. I pointed out that Ag)fnS&es 

would blca a sore Ilkefy insatru8tent. 

fiarst sigh* Z got pretty reliable nere f~cm PSohy that the 

Govsmtraent there had first decided simply to leave the League at 

omcr; this ras changed later (confirming Gmc~s' s ~ tory) to

m&iataimrhg the decision to leave the Lea-, but postponing the 

date of gaving notice she die. Events a2ipparently (oocording to 

ay iinfozrant) led to a cheng. and on Sunday, the 14th. there wa. 

mid to be a pew d8cbsi0n, that the French ~uvermaeat; woulcil not 

lea- the Lsague, but that ba vfen of its politiorz hpZfaations, 

%hey could not continue tu haw ia a?each bebad of the Secretaristt 

- 

The events causing the change are not altogether clere~ri 

them $8 said to be Irsa oafibaae that the Germans rill treat 

arisen in minor waya -5th the ostrupg.ipg forces, the central 

authorities be-g ignored, One suggestion is that ths decgsion 

to hold on to the League rnr be ia a very minor my a sQga af leas 

m'tt~ervienae. Aa~ther suggpstian 5s that, =&er presm frm 

the Axis, Be-ia hrslvixqg dust asnonneed her baperrfure and to 

follow hwrie- in the foot-st&s of Huagary. Albania, Bouiaaliiir, 

it would be palitlcrally ~nd5gnifisd, Wbteve~ the reason, the 

story if true, may verx ameh affect our posftian he~e. It mf, 

fur one thing, &aide Avenof. to hasken yp h&s prepa~@t9a&s to 

cleran b Seerertaxiat of Mmcalcitrantu EL~~@X.IS of the Bigh 

Direotf an, On the other har;ad, it might lead him to give up solaa 

of fLfs paISfical scharneer zsnd retire wfthwbt dignit3 henay, ff 

m y also affeot polilt;iasl events. The League %a a very dlcrradar 

thxvbadl, &if l, repxesenthg some link between Zurope and the outsi&u 

world, and ita maintenance hen sight begin to have s liftlrs 

p~oa~ise of contaots other tban that of a cmtinent united by

eo~guast and bound bnta s hlubserlsir~nl easaomic W$* keraoltdtUy, 

1 had almost givaa ug thinking of possible politioal i9iglicatiuns, 

being conceraatd nors with wfrlii* I called rr ~edasonably clean f in2 8h. 

R69 ~h11 B+%* 

Today X ssv d+ &If er and after sane ge08ra3 talk rtsriarked 

that the 5.Q. had based his plan veqr 3la~glely uson the w%shes and 

intfarexrka of the Snlss Govematent rand that I knew ha ffad been sat 

to Bera a fea days beforrs to condt and Safom the Swiss Govern- 

sent. P. Baller rga3.a rammd that there rss no dsar;~he, 

orlthough it m5ght 1~x1 h&- bdea %he iaapreosSon given by Aveaol*e 

atetentent. 

A8 to Bveml*~ proposal, it isa not h %%self a bad aae sLncP 

it fs a p at pity f2x& are have a11 cempletely lost confidence aad 

trust 2a hh. 

yestedrj with his p3.n. Be (8gbnides) rps to be put in chsrg. 

of the remants of Secrrctwiat tm~femed to the Lfbrary. f 

SkyXsQrad were to be given paid holidays, ua.liaitedl, Agbides 

=ss .2a have only cisrtain poaerlill delegated to him - not acting S.C* 

Aweno1 woul8 hold other powers whllle petending to be in semi- 

retirement, Less powr for the idlelegate thaa fur the U,S,G,, said 

Agbides. A mandate %bat could be revoked at montht s notice. 

B0 fi9er;noial contm2. "tlh'hyput aget~lin like de BaZler in cbxga

of a group and send asay o aaan like SkylstsdPN Avenal ples&ed 

far an hour* *Bere I ent giving you my confidence and arid 

no one w%ll help me, says Avenol. He becam rather despsmfa 

as bghnides msfetab sad ffrrnlly offered him Skylatad if he d d 

take .the job. Aghnfdes -16 the pro$er methorl would be to leavr 

the Deputy S.C. Arenol wou18ntt hear of it* Aghnfdes respanbad. 

Avenol could SW aothing against me personally 'but follawiryf tha 

yrupoaed erc3usisn of G reat Brftaios fms 3uro2e, Ireland also roula 

be included. (Arid I suppose I hsva s stubborn coru; and I 

sppeal to his yersorsal honour a month ago2 ) 

Avenol also included the Uericans in his exclusion from 

E~;urope t @'the I~lo-5axcln norld. Great Britain must be put out 

of the &editerraneenalsoi 1% v-~ts bis own idea - this new 

bbrope he hrzd aooted it at an 3cunotabc Confererstos pit few rsms a&@ 

and It was killed by the ~ritish and ainericas. 3ow %h@ Germms 

had takm it up. 

That is a 4 the &oaw&c and Ffxmnoial Orpnisstion mst not 

Aghnfbes begget3 h* to accept his ~eaignation, minlp, L*+ 

- a bi~d in er trap or nearly. 1 told Qbfdes he must decida 

for h$.niseXf. But X would help h* if he reached a racfsar dercitsfcsrr. 

f saw dat Haller yesterday and said the whole plan was put; 

forwarcl oa the plea af Swiss interests, and he, be UESP14r1 b d beas 

sent Zo Berne last week by Aveuol. In sgito of denials, it waa s

peculiar situation, Pa kfeslles said Switzerland sould not aiad 

tbe entire dlsayperrance of the L/H. Later, that the possibility, 

if it existed, of removing %he technical. sectlaws, raould be 

iaterelstilzgt but llrctuld S&, a;i2so go. 3 replied the*, in 

opinion, be should E go also, 

Aoenol trid by a trick (the circular) t o get ay resignallon 

inhish&nda, lhiled, 

Now holds out like s juicy carrot before s donkey's nose - 

unlinitsd holitby with full gay and the chance of getting t o Ireland 

before it is Zoo late, What a teaptstionj And how eaLq to Judge 

others by oneself, I muat, natura2Py, hang on. I an, I think, 

the core of the resistanca, and a bre~ch in the line would be of 

1940 BBBLWT~ 

SEC? E3M.Y-GENSRAL 

I have been reflectfftg on your sugprsrtlorri thst a nuber of 

offisialrs should, in order to aeet the expressed needo of the Swiss 

authorities, proceed on indefinite paf d leave. One afnor element 

may be ny own go8itiollt as Deputy-Secretary-General. Your plan 

would in my oase be ertresely aneeable to as and it %a a great 

temptation. But X feel f still must rentafa at my gust of duty* f 

~Ssh therefore to assure you that you may count on my full delsrarlna- 

tion not to desert my post ss long as I feel convdnced there is EL 

duty to be, Oane, 

(sent to relieve pressure on Aghnidcs by requcat)

On 17th July Avarnol told Jacklin that 'lif the ~lan were not 

voluatarily accegtec?, he rouZd gut It into o~esation by orders. 

So I assumed the crisis re$ asi-.reaching. Renborg I 

asled to 

be allowed to lint"? up with "those d o were 'trying to save aomathfng. 

of the ;e&gata'f, Ha -id he could eaaily got an invitation to 

33.S.k. ta restart tbe opiuas vcrk. I counuslled ~atience. 

Titt~an hsa been getting more sidelights an A. (2) Attsck 

on Angle-Saranaomy (2) qcookinga of the State Depart&entf s Bate 

when sent to Kelly to eliminate evidence rlf kits asgwents iand throw 

all odium on U*%, Govarmie~t. 

On 18th July Cbxrrcm cane back from Vichy with confimatlon 

PUaw 

of d.3. t8a story. France will remain fa League but they %rant no 

Freach head of Secretariat, %ill the buraptious bubble be burst 

(his morale is not really good);. or (more likely) 611 he try - 

even fron sgits - to put hie pl.an into form befo~o he goas. &B 

assuming be will have to go despite a13 hiw high-fallutiaa a d 

legal, asguntents of~fous days ago8 According to -that theory of his, 

if he gzoes no one %ill have the authority to give hinr his pension 

money8 ! l 

Still he ~ontinues to amid consulting me. 

Infornation of byending crisis sent to &den, 

19th 33lh- 2242 

Tylsr saw I,ove&~ th3.s morning &an6 said he boliemd iveaol

night be wesksning on %he s rinseton off er a d had the id- of 

yroyoaia~ to h- tbt Leceer, hv~tdeiy a d S&yls*d should go on 

mlaeisn t o the Uxxkted Ststss to negotiate the matter. Loveday 

WLS inteerated but; asked was it really necEssary for teeter to wr 

OP even for Skylstad? T3r2ar thought 3 would be asefdl for 

diktasaions sith the State Dcgartmtmt. etc., and insisted it ras 

wmecessagry for Lovedeg to disouas %he -aaarZt.er gfth 3rme in the Bean- 

tboc and merely wanted Eo~eday~s heking before going ta see 

Aretnol, Xt turned out tht half-an-hour before this, Avenol &as 

inforering Agbnides that he was going to send Zestur, Lovedsay surd 

Skylst;atd lea aiasian to the United Stateox a peculiar cro%ncidence, 

camonly called a **&laatw Tylex yrobabl~ innscent. 

Iveael tfsss very interesting in his tdk uith Aghnit9.e~. 11s 

Bid PO% give hSm the sli?:;.hteot h%nt he had roceivatd fsstntctionrs 

frm Vichy to Icave, but nevertfieless talked much about going and 

a t 

would h$&en when he weaC$ we would aloo see =hat a great 

verrson he had ben in the worICh$ tbe day after he left,SwitserJandI -C- 

would giva notice of resityui%ion, etc., etc, Aglulidea he 

r~&eated his refusal .to take the newly-irzvent;ed gost and aein 

asked Bveaol to dsousa with hia 3eyuty the aStuatZon. bvenal 

mcrely said w b t ms the am? (I have not had more thsa five 

6"Jur) 

minutes alone with hi@ since t e by 3 begpsi him to fin9sh his 3ob 

. 

cleanl!.) - lie alrsr, gi.r;ntiuned tha c;uestion of my nationality, saying 

that Ireland would soon be Snvadeb. 

The whole tenor of this c~nversaticn was to suggest that he =as

$hfrking of leaving because his rcoalcitrant Head'~f.-tese Staff 

.I 

were aon-coo~c3xatfng, X think ait'self tEa mf~sion 21a.n of ~ etthg 

rid a£ the uadeairc;d will, not ba devef eked mach fwtkmr, He ail1 

think gluch for the next few days, but &f he cawiot aroduci; a more 

raccs@table ijlan, he will. do aa much hagis as he can out of ~ etty 

skiter Aghnides o;l;ys his attitud~ W ~ S ~d5stic+ 

Incfdentally, ha iilso asme8 &+&aides that Jacklin Es in 

fullest agreement with his and coo,ierating with him in every way 

with regard to his $lane; this, 2 hirmk, is near enough to a non- 

truth; JacUin So not interested - fortunatsly or unfortunatelj - 

in th-gs otber than those of a yurs ffnancia2 character a d has 

only one iaeat that his machine should not finish badcru;it and 

that ~hf2e h~ fs rasponaible, there should be ao dishonest or 

(See later note re Jacklin*~ ~FU#OBQ~ &roniotianL) 

BaaxtlssFk fannuunced this mornfng that he alegate wuuld be with- 

drama and she saula cease to %zllsacsilPs to the League. This ie 

&robably in accordance ~ 5th fhe desires of the controllbq rower, 

The t'erraanamt Co3wt Staff agpezr to have been treated as 

their natiomXity, by sgecial train to SritserLanhr this is an 

interes-tiw* ;raraEfel should W@ need ft. SwStnserPand is giving 

hos~italitx ,to the staff but will not welcome the Cauz-t here as -m

*m ~ctter dit%ted 19th 3 ~1 ~~1340, (Rot sent) 

Me12, the Secretary-General has received a further long 

telegram-letter From the princeton tlnivessfty and other Authorities 

repeating their invitatfon, diseuasing the Isgal objections arnd 

p~sssing for somat netbod to be found for acce&.ting it. So far no 

reply hsa been sent di~ecZ. The Asgeriaan Govessm8at has been 

inforaad, "Purthemora, ranother telegma has been recefved frana 

ZImbro in Eew York asking for ooles Znformation about this gropaaerl 

and rcbguarstfng that so refusal be giwa antgl mrrfoua passibilitiebs 

are dAacusaed w5fih ksb by %eIlegraph f f nrscessary. 

Smo dsJrs ago the S.G. put famard a schionrs mBer which 

gerrhapa half of the present cifficialz9, iac3u89ng sane of the senior 

men, should go on indef2aite par& Isawe; fie, hbself, he elp;Lained, 

could not psozlSb2y reaim, otherwiss the L:gal and eons%itutiorial 

position m Zd far1 into chaos sad: he was datemined io stand by bfs 

post3 he would haaavsrr go fnto a kfnd of quasi-retire~ent; at La 

iit's3-ouss whsle r-ining Secretary-Geneml. B@ wwla select one 

person of the High Dimctian and d81.&&%%t6! to b b ees2ain of his 

powers fn s wry li~itrd field. *All this plan rars gropased on the 

bseP~s 05 ttzht Sdss sy~ceptibilPties .invo2~ed rzo farther econmioa 

8nd wa mitre as~wped - a d Z believe it - t b% there had been no 

dkarche fFom the Swiss Go~emant~ I had learnoii, hawever, that 

Br. de Skllatr had bwn sent to Bern .a few dazjs before, but Z gather 

it was mere23 to explain the Secretary-CeneraI1s ideas and 1 &m 

assured that there was no ngroyosa21' fruf the=.

togefhar ~5th SkyIstsd and 0m8 othernt bc had. linoped that 

Aghnides rrcnt%d take the posslftion of thfa aewlg-%avsn%ed type of 

gosst. AgImides cBecLSnsd it and %a orbr to help h-, X, ~5th 

1~emrl) reluctanc~er, asexlt a net% %.Q Amno1 assuring him that he could 

f had any but3 to &, I sup a hfd he, has not liked thtq but 

be had not, sf eam#as infumed a0 of WBI iatati~nip. 

SzzZIrprrtqurtsltXz, a rter glaa dr;valoyzod for getting rid of 

era'irsrrtzss&zag nreatu~acsra thZe was a suggestion arhf cb erns Sndixectlg 

that tla~ S&, weakea%ng aa fbe questim of the i'rSwratea 

proXongsd rimion to the United Ststma to negotiate the rrrattsr(1). 

fr~m Yieby y%stwdeL$r with tw items of rtmm that 3ika.zzee $8 

mnatn %a the bm~gus, bat they would like to rstfuee the appearanass 

er;nd thereforce have sald ta koavs s~xpreasb~d the wi~b there shunfd 

mt be a Rm~1ch %srre.t;azy-C8;pemX, 1 agsl afmid. thSar nmrs has 

coae as a 1S1kIa bit of a although f nzyself had heard Zt 

ao~e &yea a@. %8'a my sweet in some ways B omp1eLe r&mr883. 

of ysliey, h.t; the sAt~mt5oa ate31 hol4s poasbb5lities of tmuble. 

There arta mssyr other slsrws of xrersrs regarding the situation,

which are dSfffcult; to trrtnermft by 'letter, but this kill gm 

1 

soas f d u a£ the present positfang it iasy develop in new 

direction8 with- *he next week ar two. 

IWrmme8 Geman Coni~~u3. let S t be known Geneva hotel-keegerp 

should not; dSayersa their organisation oa likely needed n;s= 

required new ~urope. 

Situtrtrion inside Sooretargat fs probably ekp$ruffiti%ng a asisis, 

Avenol yr~~eetP$ng dfh M e glanit to elimainate undersbed e1-ats 

about 33 Swiss$ Wsa tfirsetaned with dfaafesml include same of 

the beat offPcia'Ls, hncli~&inf~ two Je-6 f m Opim and Qfdm3.o- 

logZca3, @sT.rrioes, both vShl men. 

At ll1leet3.q AVB~PO~ hag4 new at%&# on Swiss irrtercrats, but 

said no Sr5s. d&rch.. SeoretarAat auet bacmae less imposing; 

would congregate teobpical workers (about 40) in library, rmainbr 

of present list %a be lssnt hums on paid, hulithye, induding two 

Yerabere Bigh r)irso.tion* Be would ask one man to take certain 

delegated powers fron him to eontrol Library group; this man would

pot 'be aetw Secretary-General, brit new furctiurt created for h-. 

rsun~ngaf atheras and AghiBss asked to take charge. AgbiiPea 

Aghi&es, Sk~Xratad, itoveda,., Baaborg, apposing plans dsatlcay 

Leawe Sgc~rstsz*Pett. Lea'ter propoares refirsik offer unl$raited 

isoXat~8 war wdd apprecfatr infors Rmtbro others iaterested. 

be frs reli~blu, haaomble, and b s been playmg Uffiatllf h 2 

Sin- iapossible hold meeting of Council and lasemhlg, i. havm

3 have nsvgr dasyeirbd af Fulfilling, Until Seytmber 1936, 1 

balievaa tbat oe~tain AarevitabXc reforms would enable Learns BaCions, 

i6 order that i ts task a-t be r;ucctserult repup forclss which 

rere rmov3ag away fro= St. Sbce that tfine asnendraant of Covemwit 

haa Qorratsd part of of Leaps Rations; but sitwtion has 

osnstamtly hteri~rafed~ 

8everthelears, %here still seeaesd to be hope in stttaglpt$&g, 

u%fb to fuhre, to er~terblish oa as wi&u basis of cslla3boratian 

&a possible grerat sconoa%c, social and hxma.zd.trm.ri- rcrrfr, startrd 

%usd dbmloped by hame, which =a ast aecessariXy bound up with 

orgaabsation ouxzte~lated ia Com-t of X929, 

4 p~~)polsskX, itraft alehebe far craation af *CC@atral 

CommiBte, fes Ecrun-8sSc an8 SociaX QuesfiorisH war ad~gted, 

f %a cmsfStution, at once sPatpla and elaatf a, rae intended 

re-esbb3ieh eolfabomtiorz. be%rwa States Easberrer and aarr-3rd[@wber 

8.t;atss oa quasbiuns of oonc~rrrt to all alike, a d ]plr%ce this 

co2laboratSsn outside d%acussfon of Covemat of 1919, hportsn* 

Statala, a3though not League Bem'berr8, had alrearly shorn t;heir 

interest, ffut when &ssmibly ratified schena fa entireey ~rar had 

broken out. 

Since then hcas been my pafnful fluty seduce step bg s%ep expenmla

of w e 

ljatSoso to constantly aeclining level t~uitable to it+ 

f5zmn.cial re~our~es, %'hen Aesmbly laid down d e s to be 

folluwm% to this eaa, X was given specfa1 powers td omry them oat. 

Zt Ztas been my constant care keep fi~lsaaes of Zeatgurr in suoh 

condition that rf& complete btemption ahouLd never begrfva 

States Barribera of their freredoar of baciaion. 

As it ftas been imlpoarsfble for a asrJority of i ts asherr9 to 

meet, 3 bve aot had benefit swport of Suyemiear;~ Conrmf asfen, 

which a&& bver hen the noss vaXuaBls fo lie as Uffietlltiee 

iJI.~maed. 

Colea8ltPosion will. be sta~e~roned aeet Buwrrt. 

I have felt bep1y departure loyal fellow-workass. I 

have nad~ it s NZ% mfnhin, notably in Techafoal Sectio~ra, aa 

eypsriernoed sbff which ctan kaep all- tr~aition of ~cw~petgncec 

and demtioa of Seerehriat* . 

Since Assmbly, Comcfl and Cmmittass cannot meet at yrs-t 

tiuPe, @on~ffifufPoaal powers of SscreWry-Ceneml are tn fact fa 

of offi~ialrra and mana#gement of finances of Leame gations - no 

longer Jus*Sfy gla%ntenance of &olitiael liigh DirectToa, which ia 

no longer consist ant with realities of altuatim. 

?York of technieal Sections aczu3.d wall. be continued far 

pres~ent in fans of orgazisaticm which ' B B ~ be X ~ bettor adasted ttr 

needs of heus whilst effectin5 substantial ecoimi-es, 

Tharefore, whfh s&res~fw EX eceg gratitude ta ell .?.%nbe,rs

Wgue Eations *fro hare been good enough give me support of their 

gooddll and ccnfidence, I ask them relieve me of task with etch 

they Iraver ent~sted ea. 

1 propatse aotify date os dich my rsaigaa.tioa woulh W e 

I aa dourrly considering appropriate ~paeamsesr to eamm 

tbt administration mad work of Secretar9at lab11 contfnue; I a bll 

Quoted Churchill r - ? 194- 

For while the fimd waves vainsly trr%akw 

Sees here ao painful ach to 

Far back tkwb cse~k#s and La3.6215~ aakiw 

Coaree, &leaf flooding in* %be 

And mti by wk230era rlndowa onlyt 

Ovkela &agli&t cop~les in tfte li~bt, 

In freak +B wxa c1fmPbs slow - how slorly - 

but rsreatwzu-d lo&t the rand i s bright* 

D-T Jacklin, 

Zf you ap2rove pls&sie ask mateme to %ype fo~r copies* 

I'll a& L~v~JI~~~oR 

to send ft. 

Yra, 

S&+

sutsi&e -spa office for collectiq contributSans Skop Jmk13.n 

would retizia all &resent rsegoaesibf li tiss fun&% and inveatnrealte 

Bieler fLndert&i;ng work at Geneva S%@& Lester fully ag2reciates 

ned for Secretary Ceaerar and Treasurer remainiw together but 

there is 3mportant work for latter elsewhere and t-e my shartlp 

cme vlrhen it would b-ta iagossrsibls for hSBz to leave. 

(utter pmt at Jacklin's repusst, Its 

obJected, fioataver, that i.); a l p not 

strong enough.) 

mve in %ha emarenc~r s port g£ SOW a& rtlmgaai~hg eentre of the 

SecretarAat; if W% were dFfven out br invaerion. Phere =re rstill 

(h Liesfergs oginiog) tha intent% an and wi31 to WTTJ on %a *ha 

lerstto of the respanaibf1ftiss placcad on hfm, gitb the first kfPQ 

of a as~arsible French amfstScs M s crutlaok and pofiey @Wnge&+ 

His roaetion for %he firat few r];ays was sfEOy3y1 euPd not unnaturally, 

that sZZ rss 108%. Loag Before the armistice PW8 sfgned hove'tp8r, 

fran h28 r@mark& to LBster and others, iZ becram@ evident he =B 

thinkhg in terns of future which fitted in with htbe m93.ittu-y 

situation an the Cont2nsot. The first nanifestrrfian of this m s 

the ~egeated earesaion, %%in to Leater as well as to othera, of

violent anti-British sentirnt~nts and of oginiuas such sa Vha 

British met 'tra kept ou* of Europe and dxfven out of t b 

Meditez~slaleia~~; anrZ zqpfa, "*he: Briti8h are go- to oafate their 

mimes and nistakes," 1x1 clzlose seguegcar came a policy to T ~ ~ O V ~ B 

or assSst in removing a11 Brf tirsh elemen2e in the Secretr~rbt, 

Thisr kss mdertd less &iffieat br the aertura2 desire of a amber 

of flriti~h peogle to re- to their om country either to help 

there or to esoap~b being crsm@lsSely cut off. fbe palicy of 

excluding lthe &%fish. frm %he Secretariat was pxotssts& agagnst 

&ad be was told he cruuld not send then awaj, Ise replfed, *buf they 

w&lh ga of theSr own free wilZ and J: shall W y 

be fscflftating 

Xt se~laedl f o bater tbt thio &.ersiris was dictatea &X one 

or fltsa abgectbvsar the first asr& the strongest Sm his nth&, oo far 

as bester aould @sth%e, aktts $0 y2ax a gm8 aad enable the 

machPnery of the Lekigue to play s part 221 the new &ro.pet e~pecially 

scoaaaically, aa s coasequsnae of We defeat of ,?ranee, s defeat 

sUch aodkd identSca3 &h %Bat deisfrod by tho conquering States, 

Juatlfication ia his aind ollrrae frcua (1) the facts of the zailitary 

s$tustion plus the antieiprtod overthrow of BriUin snd (2) hopes, 

defhitely expressed, thart Hxmrrce would nrec435ve decent and gaaeroua 

tmatmsnt and even be alloreit to have eb substantial, ahare (3) to 

the poaai'bif ities of a Latin block (libxmce, f taly and +a-) ta 

partly counter-b2aaue Cermsn power, But a -eat deal of the 

mot9~e guwor seemed to corsre fr~ra the violeat feelings regarding 

Britain which bad so suddeay replaced the equally vio2ent feeling;@

el;srdbg Ce- m& Xtaly. Thus cEuge into passfbi1fii;y thrat 

a1terzmt;iver 5f %PUS) m~aMnr? w!ktoh he contraf led (and Buriag thir 

period he offon slridr "1 am now the League of EJationsw) omld aot 

be ut5Zisled tfalder his gaidance for the new &uropeeba purgoses, be 

would not allaw it to e dst far its original yorryarsers, The rxlrtb 

fderr, however, cantinueil to be the transformation of the Zeggue 

fzz19chinsry. A note outliniag this gostsibf'lity was nnade about the 

resippa frequently tiwfng the first five amths of the year, wham 

the Prgnch militrsr;y situation rap&tiiy deter5.orstte8, be defbf teXy 

decided to st&f 011. (kffer ~rnistice) It was on the 25th of 

June h vfe~ of his resa~ka that LearCet, mved %y the statmazsts 

mac by AmatlX, felt caIXe8 upon to atske a appeal to his peracmal 

fioaew %S v$ew of the trust placed 2n hin by. fifty Stafel~, lmt a 

Xtalym+ Except for one short conversatian, he then ceased fo -1% 

h~tw into per@-3, acondtatiorr, AB Lovadtny hard ~efuaea to 

socept the pereo-l facrilitfes %G leave the League, he aeat s 

nea- to his offer- hPm a six ltionths mission in berfca rrsgth 

fUl .pay and inforraeil eseveral ~e0g1e that w20ve~r was &uingm, The 

yruposal PPW~ ~eih~ea by L~veaBy, 

SfmtPrtarreously* dghn%des* who had been pushed aside very much 

dux* recent months, =s amia cu2livat.cd and vague sug~~;estisss at 

fissf that he would be needed ZZI the new ciramatances. This 

~rrrrs ;~LccDD&.~?,'~~~B& bjr hC?BfdnSZ;a ,-ua~;ectfcins t&f Laeter would not fill

the bill, The 2ressure on Aghibee contfnued steadily, but he 

refused to etccegt Avenolts ylan to cooprate xith hia in something 

be mid hp3 felt would be di~hoa~u~gbl&r &bidss i?rsssei? hi= 

instead to accayt hSs resigmticm, which &d been in his bad9 

for several weeks. Skylstad was also to be d9sniesseci rtt the 

-rta.e tfrars. Prom that momr;nt there were three poasibilitiea 

offered to Lester to get out8 the cSrcular of Juzie 23th csrlling 

for resiwtions on favausabls terets was, Bsenol emphasised, to 

be e~uslly a2ylicsble to %oabers of the Higb 3frectioa. It 

ssonsd natural during a crrsis thnt the Xsmbers of the Efgh 

3'3irection should place their posts ~pt the Chief 'S dieulosa1, but 

neither Jscklin, Loveday, bester nor SkylaZad cornitlied with tbe 

direction to offer their r6isigxmtioas. 08 July 16tb, this part 

of the gylan vmo pushod ia sfage further and unlimited &aid bl,i&ys 

offered to s nmber of yersons'not directly engaged in technical 

sctivities. These =hi to be no Bismissing an&, of course, no 

eeonaniss, but indlvibuals, including Eecter, wera Go be ersabled 

to gc~ away with digaity and again financial corafort* !he 

folPoaing drry hvenof outilfned his ylan that be aould rrtrafie 

Secretary-General, but del@-te certafn of his yowars to aghnides, 

while retrain"ig other powers+ This was ozi the assuni&tSoa that; 

Lelster soul6 not bs in fhs Secretariat; but Loater again refused 

this op@ortunity. B few days afterwards, kvenol &ra~usrsd s 

mission to the United States for Leeter, Loveday ancl Skylctad. 

Before the end of Jue Avcnol was SQUIL~L~~ individuals -

(Burckhiudt, Bourqllin, r-rc.) about the formation of o small 

Committee Eursyewi in Chara~tsr; of persons who b d been 

coanscted ia some way or other w%th Lesge activities, ~ihi~h wouhd 

fora with h im a kind of HDirectofseH, 

About the mime the Lestler sent Avenol a note regarding 

the reductions of staff an8 yointing out that th~iae proposed to 

be, retairreii were mainly Zuro2sans and that it was fmyartant to 

keep an interm%ianraZ and iatsr-continenCa1 efia~acter in the sbff 

if at all possible, Ba saw Lsster on this question of the iatsr- 

national character of the staff on the 8th of July, spoke vaguely 

of w hat the future might be and at one tine used the words *that 

he did not yet bow what Hitler and @ussobinf would want as regards 

the Leagueq'. Be mid he sas not sure if Hitler wanted a League, 

but he aid he was f&ixXy nure Bussolini woull2, to hsXp %ndimctly 

&o crsrats a blcancrre of &orer, Lestsr said that these syetcu'iacltfcm~ 

#Right be trtae, but b d n~thiw %U do %%%h %h% d3Att;y of the 

Sscretas%a% ~ ; that d fur eaah of us there was a ora at fsme a d 

the quarertion of lopZty to our tmst and self-respect, &veaol 

then spoke of realities oz th% erituatioaif and mid he was not ye( 

sure Sf Ps&nos would r~rrsrain in the League a d tbt there would be 

yribssure on SwJ,ta;erland, XI Aveno'l lirars seriously guarhing his 

ideas it as antic5pated that he 'ftezd olreaciy nade, or would try to 

a&e, contaut with iiemqy and Italy* 

It was 511 the 3rd of July that Avenol asked a Secretariat 

official (~&miiier;) If he were in close 'courrh with Dr. K18uel~ the

Oerrarui Consul* SPhe ansqetr not being Ptrtrawable, he put a 

~&milar fgquixy to do tra days loter. 

Qn the 5th of July Aveaol had B cro~~ersation with a 

&ezacbwm (Viple) in Ganetra in close ' tou~h vf th the &each 

(rolitiesl situaf SUB and asked his would he undertake 8 sissioa to 

Hr. Saml. He acccmpanicrd the! request with an expose of h%e 

views. Thr lFrm&chPrsn in question denoun~ed Aveno19a yropoaal.~ 

as both foolish and dishonourable, but it wr. subsequently (on the 

orme day) thst Alrenol made the second inquiry of which we how, 

ss to tsntoct wfth W. $r&uel. 

It sw~s an the 10th of Jdy %hat Avenol wr Slogpani, =ha% h@ 

had bean denouacfag dth artxelr~s violence r feria! weeks before. He 

had ~iawned that Stog#aaS %-as expec2Png to go to Wese to mike 

contact again with goye-eats% ciscclreor. StuypanS reported %hat; 

the Ifnoterview a ~#e-~iljl&d one, that &van01 liplarde sn err~bhciastfc 

tstaliCt;tsF1Si~ and mti-BriGSerh epeeoh to him aad spoke %%%h the 

greatest graioce of the peataees of Berr E%tler* 

Ths aituatiua took a slightly diffozrsat -turn when ChEtrroa 

m e buk, on thar 18th af July, from or aission ts Vialay* 3.t 

violeat;ly ~ t i - ~ sh las f that of Amrrol; tbZ they had decided 

to sby in the League But also decided that it would be desirable 

fox&. Avenof, to guS% the gast of Secretary-General. Aveno3it rho 

three days prsvfoualy had declared to n Directors1 zrieeling that it 

would be ~orta~fitutfonally and Zsgally irnyassibls to carry on if

he reoi&a@dL, that @visa t b nonex lsfgbk aeastse to be twiilab~o 

to the !hma~twoar, and that he wau3.d thrs~csfors h014 hi@ goat at say 

ousf, then cixbnged ad speke sf a volunttmy &%sir@ to rarerJigaS 

skill a position rahech would enable him to havet a very b3.g share 

of contml. on Leame fOnaaaes &ad also snarbfia hePrr to sesrpairt at 

Czsnava his full hunitiear and pozrsibilities of Hpblfti~al. 

diecussianH. Thus it was cm the 19th, or ZOth, that he nientionsdl 

fo Jackliia hi~l plan for hefhnides to .take over frm hZBL 810d the 

forac1tiomr of a f%moe Cmlttes includsng AvanoZ (40 rhioh 

Jactkli~ would be re%po~raibls) 

S~uZ.t;aslarously sauenrs a ceritain a- with regard to the 

P-rPacst on propoiaaS.3 he W, through pxPvats @onv%r~atioss aad a 

publia ottStude of? legal diQTicult.iss, torpedoed t b f%rs% 

i.av%kt;atisa. Suddenly he weakened an thiei an& proposed fSrat the 

agprrsreta %o yT@Pd So s plran for the ;transfer of Zove&y a d mat 

of his Grperts. X5 had batn pain%@& su9; that Loveday erad hirrr 

Sgseialists mbstclcatial8y ssgreasnt the ideas of 5n.2;exna.tio~l 

ascc3auaScs un~gacgot;hat2c (rffP1 the idea8 be- put fo-~d by Alfred 

Roaeaber@ snd Eesgerlar, 5.0. the eccmcszic un%ficatiog of 

bkwoys subjec.t to the dasiixlerting needs of ;r;?i3mnaztyl Under this 

scrhema there would rrrrrnaain at, Geneva Lovedrzyss princ$pal asrsistant, 

X. Cb.sson./ 

All these points are selected ~srtly froa the intensire

cosvsrsatiorns and g lming: that have been gdng aer in the buflw 

of the ESeoxtti-tarisf csr%aao the mfdd'le of June* Zt would, needs 

volume to report in detafl all of 2, dvenolls stat;emrrents m&, no 

doubt, them are acptions which hsva not come to our knorl+&e. 

The atrztemants of which we know have bean oladia either direct, or 

~eportsd at Piref haad* The ;hPstmy of these five weeks has 

............ 

oonvinced those who hrre becs~folloaing it alosaly that 

25th July. 194Qe 

(kart of this page cut off t mmnlitsised Avenolss 

plan8 as disgusting treason to hie yostr) 

Two days aao JackXin ersrZd he had seen Avenol~s draft leZter of 

resignation. !!!his arorniug kvenoa called ?elkin and ettsked hlita to 

go to Bsrn to show the copy to KelZy, the British Ministar, PeUin 

asked if Loveday and I hnd seen 2a letter and when Rvenal said 

"no*, he =id he did not like to gu on the missPon affthout thdit

Bad= been dose, Avenol %herafore agreed. Yhe letter, two 

follsaq~ paee8, olossd with several paints of fntexeleto (1) that 

he offered his resignetion, about fixing a hte; (2) that he 

p~~goaed to call a utbsfkng of the Su&ervllrsory C~awigl~li~n 5n 

Aaqipst$ 

(3) %hat there ws no lower any neea for ra yoliticsl 

Ifigh Direction of .the Seoretarirt j (4) tbt ha would propose at 

or after the meetfng of the Suyervisorg Committee various plans for 

the futwe. 

&a Felkia asked me far rag remrrrrkr on these quczstiona for 

XeLTy8s irrfomation, X aaid, first, the a te should be fgxedi 

secondly, thcaf %he Sugervfsory Comiii.t;tee sbould m e* isll Lisbon 

where IIaabro, Xis& (the English arembar) and others, could attend, 

whSXa they could not ri& cmfng %U Geneva; that the guoat5aa 

of the Bigh Dtrection, 3 thought, ms aimed ~rincipally it styself, 

but Zbt I U d no objsc.t;$oa to &Sag; t b fgcSar were, howeverb 

that I was the only paX%tSeal of all the Me~p'bez-8 of trhe Sigh 

33h~@ction, as3 the others tract myreseated Great kowerag thaS thm 

3igh D%zeetfoa W bees r21.tsdwed the last erSx mo~the by tha 

msignatioa of one Deguty Secse%aq-Generai and two Unbr-Secre4arp 

of his going, snttl;led to sske the p las for the future, m& 

that T kept myself coraylsttzXy Srain %a a3X c5ircu1~stmcea~ 

@tmcf of letter to AghaPdes - Sn Alpine seaor*, 

X thought of end5ag Avan~1 a note ~ay9ng 1 km& learns& .of 

Ma proposed rersfgpation and repotted that he had sot thought it

wor%h whilst to conault his Senior Colleagues as to say ysctijosale 

aff'ectifng a period when he would no longer have rarpyonsibflities.* 

I hawe however baidied f o do nothfag at all for the mmeat. Pill 

you ylsase infora i.m~rcko, f wect the telegraa to go off to-nigh*r 

The ai&uafion it se=s will be even anore unsstisfacto~y tketn ever 

&ad Pf it does not Zapyrove soon, we are Sn for asore and Bore 

~TOU~TU 

Zn haste, for your infonsatioa. 

Letter to b. UcKlnnan Wood, 

fiotal Centml, 

SZntra, 

Lisbm, PJortug.al, 

Dear IiBoPTf3uzon Wood, 

Genevaz July ZMh, 19405 

I: have recsivsd your letter and I fhink 3 may oateft you 

before you go on the boat, 

Tbe new8 which m s brssdcasf throughout .Europe br two op thrtse 

news A~saoies tht 1 had lef3 Geneva was 05 course quite untsus. 

Ve hsve been Lidng in the midst of brama ox ~elodx%ma here with 

all sorts of whap,py plotterzg and planning, but; the vmr9sst achmes 

can be rendered difficuxt by its little gulet passive st;ubbornnese, 

Two plans were mooted shea you left ahfoh affetcrted nryrself r oas 

rae paid holiday$ of undefined length with the pros2ect of being 

able to get home, rend the other PDBB a mi8si0n t;o the United S tette~~ 

both have been turned down. Then csnne the nemewhat start1 in^ newe

that the Bfg, Big Chief saa being xequosJ;ed by hLs o m Govamerrt 

guretly to abdicate, f hia being the oaly change %hex sequirerd eo 

far as they were (csawerned. There have been wtrisrura other plans 

under cons9deration but the Isperia3. &ind, at the moaienf slightlp 

bisor2tirnter%erd, I s I #ma afraid likely to bo mavad by less pmdicrsaer 

and &ore spiteful mgtivss. It is 83-1 very wrpleatsa~nt stickiag 

tMs sort of thi32g. 

S wiah you all the bftslt and cortaislg hope we abll meat 

ao~tiehow You were sr t~egsendoua pi3lax of sfrengtb 

the! drh5listration and %be L~rogua OW~B ptz a debt. 

all I 

G i n my best rep~ds ?;C) Craig XcGeachy &a& bon W- to 

23rd Jay. I=. 

Yuuss sA.x~~exely, 

SILI 

AgIm2dt3 telephoned frm Crau8 that Lovedar aad his grow 

slmuZ4 not haw LI grb)mzi%t MW idea being that i;hbp re;jrersealtctd 

(1) ~ 1 o - 5 a z m~ d i (2) ~ profsssl-3 b~ntfgonisra to new plans 

for a clogsrii bkrugecrikll ~CQWY~ 

Says Lobe (Braoil i)elokwta to 1,~.0.) hsd gaesages booked 

far thtra week-end and &a received a feZttgsa~a frsm 3fo %U atey and 

report on glans for new League% Smething iss ~fett.Sag r d 

~ ~ tde s BOBP~~OW~ 

f

A telegram to Lovsd%y announces an FmSnent d&marche froa the 

Briti~h Gover.nmen.f; to fi~en~l %a send as many p?~gh of the teahioap], 

Sactiona to berirsrt as; prso8ble; no news b:- yet beon received 

the Office about this, 

Da HtElLer sesfbpied thres dayn ago, His resignation bad besa 

reFusoO yreviausly, but was now accepted by Avenol. 

27th July, 1940 

Avensl - according to Charron - i a extreaelr indignant t bt 

.the town _fs full of reports that he was tJ&rep%ring to sell the 

Leagues tbat he ha8 sent hrckhardt to Besllza and Stopgsuri to Boaam. 

I remarked that I had not heard the Buxckhrdt reyurt, but Bow 

could Aveaol be raueh eurpriaed in v5ew of hi@ sudden change of 

opinion so widely exgressetd m4 Batvling made raw p~o-Cerman and 

Italian deolantioas and such &lentlj ant%-British ones. 

Charroa telle me very confidentially Lbat the teLeg,~agt of 

~ersipe~tius eent by Avenol =a atuch %ragrove& by the elb12natioa of 

r good deal o f bf tter reproache@, %to., perso~tal stuff - on his 

suggaation, The F%za&l soyort however, to write which Avenol hsa 

retired to La i-elou~e+ lf31ving fa8 in cbrge in the intsrh, promises 

to be interestixy: document. OB~ hopes it will also be a usafil 

098, 

He at f3.raf uontaaglatea derying Pichyr even sgoke of Swiss 

natural.isatfon. 

Avenol, I heard, has given may on the question o f ay taking

charge whn he pea; there 11s a loag % ~~snls between hiw and 

Jacklin wbo eoapletelp ntheed to work wider or irith ;~ghidsa, h+ 

for the aoncosaioas he gave, Avonol yercists in claiffiing the 

Chainaantship of rt a2acial Trugtee Cornittee for Leagw finances, 

conslating of three . ersonag one w.ou2d be, 3i;cklizi and the other 

an Arenol nominee - (so that Jacklin could be out-voted say rorsnt). 

For this parart Aveaof would take a aoz~iaal 24.OCXl P3l-ca a yew 

(in addition to his ycnsion), have the right to lii~e et La iolouse 

with all the facilities of ugkssy and, of course, have &L1 his 

diplomest5c 5nmunitf es, X OS djeifrritely sgainct tbiw orretrrgem.a~t+ 

f f one c;uuld rerasonab2y dcyend upon him, it would be pIoa5bp~nt 

enough fa be able to give him a11 these comforts, together with the 

authority he would bold over L~egue Zi~accs, but I am afraid. The 

arguments fcrs this Coguaittse, accorQing to a report of w hat Jacklia 

sags (sat directly) 3s to coaatituts the main i.'ropostlX of his report 

to %Be Sugeslri~ery Gommfttss next ~on2fr. 3% Ss mid, QP tB+ 

very best authoritg, thst he ccrntinzueslr to try 50 get JacklSn to 

leave 

Ff?lee~s from 'Eambro to Bvenol this maming: expressed his 

great ednQration and im&lorod him not to resign as it %ould mean %he 

destruction of the League, etc* Xt would seen; peculiar t o B't~enol, 

but roy first reacZion was of aome &leawe knowfng the gratiffwtion 

with whfch Avenol would receive it; 'th3a.ln spite of the fact tbt 

Aveasl Bad been violently anti-Harobro fiSace tkte 10th of June omd 

has doge everything poarpible to avoid c~nwalting M.a, although 

&eaident of %he Ass~mbly and or the Supervisory Ccmn~ittee.

second reflecfiosl was$ what e yity Bambro cPld not kaow whaf me 

going: on end that the peoyle in the F.0, had been very lax in not 

infsming bh. The third reflsctiont if this aesns &mb~o'e 

real oginion, I shall feel cwpletely exonerafed fxors the duty af 

stayhg, no matter what the Britiah or otheret ~95ght think, as 

slthough I may doubt Etambrogs discretion and impulsiveness, he ZPas 

re2xosented t o as one of the most honerst and courageous sleaants 

(rtsa;iouSa.ted ~ ith the League. Thia huge did not last long, Befweslr 

sending the telegrews on Friday and raogie tSme on SBturdiag morning, 

%inan% saw Wbro is the United States* "diiffixtt teleshona8 to 

khelaa givAag him fnetructions %t;o arof~.cb a% oxroe with his Croup A 

yeokle, no Belay, ruad %bat %t was 8n AiapmaLit~e BscieSan, tbt he 

knew rxXl the situa%Pon an& arguments* etc. This m s PeZlored by 

a tslepan in which the words nclasfng inm were used* IIs eafd h+ 

had seen Eabro and that B8mbro .'also rantsd Eardo. Jacklin and 

ntgsielf to go at once to the United States, 1% seems to me as 

though Ihmbro regretted B%s hasty and generous telegrtyi to A'trer~oE 

and one gets the %mpreaaai~n he think8 of trying to hold o met* 

in hierica where deaf eiona would be trzken, It iat of aoarrrre, ~xaZta 

impossible far rae to go in &resent circurnstrtnces, ft f aoks ar 

though Tinant wag afraid of the 3#anisfi-i'ortuf;ueae coast being 

Amongst Cha thiaga ho aaid ta h h ware that the wwld was now 

divided into f uur rliviaions : i;uro#e (ur~dr r Cenarrn control), Bussia, 

Japan and Amsrloa, ,PQF :ir;uxu:~e one must mt loagcr %h%& ebo~t

hS~nt&ex~t that oou~tries (pres~~6~bly &we) BUS% dewtat t h - 

tw1ves ts their language, tradition an& cultura; a t 

*%l faut 

that ths League of Nai;iuns would be ast up in Europe under Oils- 

aruapicest tbt Germmy and ftaPy would dictate the !:pe&~s at 

Cemvrjir he was gofng because he did not wish to be here to reocaiw, 

the order@ from Derzparry and Italy8 

Berewith the cutting from -- le ~ etPt (P---------- 1 fU-2 

Stoclrhola, W Juillat. - D9Bpree un journal aae'dois, Le 

(Daily Eail j, apprend que P. Arsnol, 8d~taire genanrl de lo S.DII1., 

a ddaissionn6 sur la deaande du rainletre des Affaires &trmgBlra 

Ixangais E. Baudefn, 

Celui-ai lui avait fait savoir que la Rrawe ntr se con~i&zrft 

plus pour Icngte~ps nembrc de la S .D.% ., i la suite de puoi, Li; Amgo3, 

se rendlt s\ Vlc)V.

Ba~y many thanks far you^ Zetbr of %he 20th and fbr the wsr~ 

kfnd things you say abauf me, 

'fha new8 of the S,G,*a relaiffnatban rciper in the Lisbon papar 

of yesterday evcming; this also aontaiaerd a long coltnrtu~ wSth a 

very fair account of his mmertr* 

Emntar sea ta be rark%ng faat, This mosaial6p Crsig IBaCeaeby 

has s te11em frcua Lomclag lamouncriqg .siva1 of self and ethers 

;Far isbout %'be 12%h, Bg %be t- I hopla ta Ba oft, as boa%, 

ae %I- BelLas, is sapposed fo slsiZ an the let, 

f eduaed* 

f B~pe Jreur own paerff5as 9s now er-wh-ed and yozlu? vellrpies 

ArpfaaPe fx*culla our eriates aff5ctb q@et Pt fa mt wli.d;fiouf its 

am divisloas. 

19 you some he~e, be BUFB to have a Portuguese dipl~atic visa, 

Jt fs aafd to obviate tiresome visits to ths police 35 get and mnQv 

local rarsbdence *sea while waiting for %ranspas%, 

Yours ever, 

Hugh Bi~c#hon Hood. 

E.S. If %he tmnsfer to B.S, dues oca'iur and 1 c m be of help,

I sWl3. bs delighted. Ey Pddr%s# ti1X autwm %ss 

Jlst Ju~Y* P940 

Avtmol fodax told k arb thsf he w Wd cut all hi& conneo4Ao;arp 

xith the Zeagtm oa the Slst of Augulrs%. B!~rdo said he had Beard 

scwsetUag vqp42y f~em Jacklirr a Camitter, to 10ak after keqpar 

l~aan&eo, livem2 mid that, of ooursa, ths quest$on of the 

fzeseme Rmds .had beem one of Wns sgeotLa1, .Pntsmsts md lie had 

thght of mcfi a Coamittes, hti he, sssnrrrd Emdo that he bhsrat2t 

h1 no intrmn%iaa to falclrr part of Chat Caeeasittse (th5s h ;sa%to, of 

Ithe fmf tbt he b.& even pae oo far as 3;u pscrpoads a aalq fsr 

has%1f as 2tm?1ident two dap W). Be Znikioatad that he mpld 

Zwwbqg 3mk;2h as r Gen%m%X ~ ~%~ist~%f;~r~ 

but had been 3afomeB 

AS to the? SupeFVisoqy Cdt%%b, AvagttX 2ardo h# th6ught 

of trying to da31 a mtbts.t;ing for Monday next, Psr,r&o r&&w~rfsEbd that 

that was ~l'ery short no%t;ioef he did rzot infarm Pardo of &mbro*s 

talegmm m&$eat%ng t b meeting should take place in krbo+Coa.

y JatrkXin, he4 Bean approved by Avmaol and sent off yisst;srdioyi 

- 

%ZctatSag Supervisergr Campaisafcm in Pr&nsmton 

unpractical as return to Switserland thereafter 

would be farbiddan S%op Am tryhqg 

arrange mesting here with Lrolmer Baisengex 

Pardo mad bp+ ym they ~3.11 a~fre~) cwpf 

Kelly Fssf tf sh F4inis'ter 5.sr.n~ Stu2 iilllr not 

pt able et touch rSth Wia~-t.*~ 

The sCatmnc)nt ruegrrrISag Sw%&r~;exl~& 5s obv5vusly of sums palitiGsbZ 

%aportance~ I know ao%bing about tbe basis on wUch AZ; has bees 

spkde; it asems to me a~mewbrat dEkely. 3 the msrp;n%bie, the 

data would suit theas for the fi~,perv90ary Catmlttee~ them f9clud+ 

tbe m c h Iemb-er, HaPma, Ffnnf sb li3ln5ster ant3 an effort is s2m 

being made +to took up Carton de %%art PM 2s said ta be smmmberu 

$n *mce* 

2nd Buffurvt, X94Qa 

Jld, af farewell Ztuncbmm fn Berne* *Poims laid Bsran. 

CIIIII~---I- 

Costa Idu Rsllzl, k2esidat of that Counrril, an4 m~r, f 'believu, 

BatZzassador Sm Spain, assfvslrd in haeve %his xaarnh%g, t&ing twelve 

daxs ikon a jowney frcsa Biarrits;. He had been mat by spm2sX 

iaatmctisas frosgi Me, Covernapat and safd that several athes Latin- 

Bmerioiin Oovemmrmta &c3 oo13upuaioated with &livia asking him to 

keep in touch with the situatiarr here and paintfng oat that the 

election as President of" the Council involved some reerponsib%litiers

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