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NUMBER 17 5 Figure 2. A comparison of the species lists of the political areas of the Guiana Shield Region. National Museum of Natural History that began in 1983 (federally funded since 1987). The goal of the BDG is to ‘‘study, document and preserve the biological diversity of the Guiana Shield.’’ Most of the program’s field work has taken place in Guyana, but data analyses cover the majority of the Shield. In Guyana, the BDG operates under the auspices of the University of Guyana (UG). The BDG program is designed to provide specimens and data to address questions about many groups of organisms from locations across the Shield. Information from BDG collections and from other herbarium collections is used to produce checklists, vegetation maps, floristic and faunistic studies, revisions, and monographs. The data generated from these studies are used to ask questions about the make up of Guiana Shield biological diversity, such as species turnover rates, surrogate taxa, and areas of high diversity. Finally, the BDG is exploring practical applications of the data that have been collected through regular collaborations with conservation and government agencies. In addition to collecting and research, the BDG Program trains students and scientists in both the U.S.A. and Guyana, assists in their research, and has established and helped to maintain collections. Over the years several events have been hosted in Guyana, including two Amerindian training courses, two bird preparation courses, two plant identification courses, a variety of lectures at the University and public venues, and a public scientific symposium on the biological diversity of Guyana. We also offer training opportunities; nearly every year since 1987 the Program has hosted at least one Guyanese student or UG staff member at the Smithsonian. Many have participated in the Natural History Museum’s Research Training Program or the SI/MAB training courses. BDG worked with the University of Guyana to raise funds from the Royal Bank of Canada to construct a new building, the ‘‘Centre for the Study of Biological Diversity,’’ located on the campus of UG. More recently, we worked with UG to raise funds from USAID to build an extension on the original building.
6 BULLETIN OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON The Centre houses collections and research space, provides a library, and houses a Geographic Information System (GIS) facility. The goal of the Centre is to combine research, education and conservation in the study of biological diversity. The Centre is funded from outside grants, but the staff is part of the University. Currently, the plant database maintained by BDG has 161,108 specimen records and all sheets have been barcoded. The BDG Program is working to make its data available to the scientific community. The collections are being mapped using ArcMap and then displayed on Google Earth as place marks. The project, Georeferencing Plants of the Guiana Shield is available on the Department of Botany public website (http://botany.si.edu/bdg/georeferencing.cfm). Acknowledgments Special thanks go to the University of Guyana and the Guyana EPA who have consistently supported our efforts, including Mike Tamessar, Indarjit Ramdass, and Philip da Silva, as well as past and present staff members of the Centre for the Study of Biological Diversity, in particular Calvin Bernard. This is number 153 in the Smithsonian’s Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program publication series. References Arbeláez, M. V., & R. Callejas. 1999. Flórula de la Meseta de Arensica de la comunidad de Monochoa (Región de Araracuara, Medio Caquetá). Tropenbos, Bogotá, Colombia. Berry, P. E., B. K. Holst, & K. Yatskievych (eds.). 1995. Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Vol. 1: Introduction. J. A. Steyermark, P. E. Berry, & B. K. Holst, general eds. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, 306 pp. Clarke, H. D., V. Funk, & T. Hollowell. 2001. Using checklists and collections data to investigate plant diversity. I: a comparative checklist of the plant diversity of the Iwokrama Forest, Guyana.—Sida Botanical Miscellany 21:1–86. Doyle, A. C. 1912. The Lost World. Puffin Books, London. Ferrier, S., G. V. N. Powell, K. S. Richardson, G. Manion, J. M. Overton, T. F. Allnutt, S. E. Cameron, K. Mantle, N. D. Burgess, D. P. Faith, J. F. Lamoreux, G. Kier, R. J. Hijmans, V. A. Funk, G. A. Cassis, B. L. Fisher, P. Flemons, D. Lees, J. C. Lovett, & R. S. A. R. Van Rompaey. 2004. Mapping more of terrestrial biodiversity for Global Conservation assessment.—BioScience 54(12):1101–1109. Funk, V. A., & P. E. Berry. 2005. The Guiana Shield. Pp. 76–79 in G. A. Krupnick & W. J. Kress, eds., Plant conservation: a natural history approach. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 235 pp. ———, & K. S. Richardson. 2002. Systematic data in biodiversity studies: use it or lose it.—Systematic Biology 51:303–316. ———, ———, & S. Ferrier. 2005. Survey-gap analysis in expeditionary research: where do we go from here?— Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 85:549–567. ———, A. K. Sakai, & K. Richardson. 2002. Biodiversity: the interface between systematics and conservation.—Systematic Biology 51:235–237. ———, T. Hollowell, P. Berry, C. Kelloff, & S. N. Alexander. 2007. Checklist of the plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amaçuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana).—Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 55:1–584. Gibbs, A. K., & C. N. Barron. 1993. The geology of the Guiana Shield. Oxford University Press, New York, 246 pp. Hollowell, T., & R. P. Reynolds (eds.). 2005. Checklist of the terrestrial vertebrates of the Guiana Shield.—Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 13:i–ix + 1–98. Huber, O. 1995a. Geography and physical features. Pp. 1–61 in P. E. Berry, B. K. Holst, & K. Yatskievych, eds., Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Vol. 1: Introduction. J. A. Steyermark, P. E. Berry, & B. K. Holst, general eds. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. ——— 1995b. Vegetation. Pp. 97–160 in P. E. Berry, B. K. Holst, & K. Yatskievych, eds., Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana. Vol. 1: Introduction. J. A. Steyermark, P. E. Berry, & B. K. Holst, general eds. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. ———, G. Gharbarran, & V. A. Funk. 1995. Preliminary vegetation map of Guyana. Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program, Smithsonian Institution,Washington, D.C. Kelloff, C. L. 2003. The use of biodiversity data in developing Kaieteur National Park, Guyana, for ecotourism and conservation.—Contributions to the Study of Biological Diversity, University of Guyana, Georgetown 1:1–44. ———, & V. A. Funk. 2004. Phytogeography of the Kaieteur Falls, Potaro Plateau, Guyana: floral distributions and affinities.— Journal of Biogeography 31:501–513. Leechman, A. 1913. The British Guiana handbook. ‘‘The Argosy’’ Co., Ltd., Georgetown, British Guiana, and Dulau & Co., London, 283 pp. Lindeman, J. C., & S. A. Mori. 1989. The Guianas. Pp. 375–391 in D. G. Campbell & H. D. Hammond, eds., Floristic inventory of tropical countries. New York Botanical Garden, New York. Mendoza, V. 1977. Evolución tectónica del Escudo de Guayana.— Boletín de Geología. Publicación Especial 7(3):2237–2270. Reis, R. E., S. O. Kullander, & C. J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.). 2003. Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Edipucrs, Porto Alegre, Brazil, 729 pp. Schubert, C., & O. Huber. 1990. The Gran Sabana: panorama of a region. Lagoven Booklets, Caracas, 107 pp. Snow, J. W. 1976. Climates of northern South America. Pp. 295–403 in W. Schwerdtfeger, ed., Climates of Central and South America. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam.
Page 1 and 2: BULLETIN of the Biological Society
Page 3 and 4: CHECKLIST OF THE FRESHWATER FISHES
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NUMBER 17 59 (Serrasalminae), dans
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INDEX TO ORDERS, FAMILIES, AND SUBF
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