a revision of the mexican and central american species of vanilla ...

314 LANKESTERIANA
are similar, but the massive, elevated, fleshy callus of
V. inodora is very different from the 3-keeled callus
found in V. mexicana; furthermore, V. mexicana can
have much larger leaves. It should be noticed that the
callus of V. inodora may appear to be keeled in old,
withering flowers or in young buds.
The type of V. preussii Kraenzl. was destroyed in
the Berlin bombing, but the description matches V.
inodora very well. Furthermore, Schlechter, who must
have examined the type specimen identified Türckheim
II 1764 as V. preussii.
The allied species in Central America are V.
martinezii, from Guatemala, that is easily distinguished
by the congested inflorescences, V. costaricensis
with entire lip lacking a massive callus, and V.
sarapiquensis, with short midlobe and a callus formed
by two high, massive confluent ridges at the distal part
of the lip. However, its closest relative may be the
Andean V. methonica Rchb.f. & Warsz., with a similar,
emarginate lip, but having 3 thickened and somewhat
rugose keels instead the fleshy massive callus, and
much smaller inflorescence bracts.
otHEr rEcords: MEXICO: JALISCO: Steep mountainsides
3-10 km generally east on the road to Mina Cuale, from the
junction 5 km northwest of El Tuito, Mpio. Cabo Corrientes;
pine-oak forest on decomposed granitic soils, with
Podocarpus, oaks, and other deciduous trees in rocky
stream valleys, elev. 850-1150 m. Seen once, in rocky
stream valley. Sterile; fleshy herbaceous vine climbing 10 m
or more in trees, 16-19 February 1975, R. McVaugh 26397
MEXU! Mpio. Cabo Corrientes, km 2.6 de la brecha hacia
a la izquierda que sale del km 9.8 del camino El Tuito-
Cuale, bosque de galería de Hedyosmum, Inga, Podocarpus,
Magnolia, Clusia, en medio del bosque sabanoide de pinos
y encinos, sobre granitos intemperizados, 900 m s.n.m.,
20°22’29.4’’ y 105°15’21.9’’. Banco con suelo profundo
con vegetación densa, similar a acahual de selva montana
lluviosa con Heliconias, Philodendrum tripartitum,
Lindenia y trepadoras. Hemiepífita, cerca 10 m de alto, con
muchos frutos, cerca 400 m de extensión. Muy rara, sólo un
espécimen visto. 27/junio/1998 M. Soto 8626 y E. Huerta
*AMO(x6)! IBUG! GUERRERO: System of Teotepec,
near San Vicente, N.E. of Atoyac, in mixed oak-pine forest
on tree trunks. 100°16’W, 17°17’N, 850 m, January 10,
1933. O. Nagel sub E. Oestlund 1984 AMES (with sketch
by B. Ames; 41396)! *AMES(51815)! *MO(11411617;
sterile)!; San Vicente, north-east of Atoyac, towards Mt.
Peineta. In mixed forest on trees & shrubs, 100°16’W,
17°17’N, ca. 100-1000 m, 10 Jan 1933. O. Nagel sub E.
Oestlund 1985 *AMES(41476, sterile)! BM(sterile)!
LANKESTERIANA 9(3), January 2010. © Universidad de Costa Rica, 2010.
*MO(1145095; sterile)! PUEBLA: Vicinity of Puebla,
Venant des sierras (De la décoration florale à l’archevêché)
Déc. 8. 1907. B.G. Arsène 1682 *AMES(71359, sterile)!
*MO(843101, sterile)! NY! *US(1032010; fruit)!
VERACRUZ: Miradores, 4/42 Liebmann 297 K! Mirador,
Liebmann W(11762)! Hacienda de Java, 5/1841, Liebmann
295/296 W(13537, 13538, 11761)! Zacuapan, June 1919,
C.A. Purpus 8481 *AMES(71356)! NY! Region of
Zacuapan, near Rancho Viejo, climbing on tree trunks, ca.
700 m, 10 Jul 1935, C.A. Purpus sub E. Oestlund 4876
*AMES(sterile, 51843)! *US(1809800)! Near Zacuapan.
On trees and shrubs, 12 Feb 1932, 96°52’ W, 19°12’ N, ca.
900 m, O. Nagel sub E. Oestlund 2683 *AMES(sterile,
41475)! *US(1809491)! Region of Zacuapan, on tree
trunks, 8 Oct 1935, ca. 800 m, C.A. Purpus sub Oestlund
5045 *AMES(fruit, 51838)! Falda del Volcán de San Martín
Tuxtla, San Andrés Tuxtla, 18°35’, 95°09’W, alt. 800 m
s.n.m., selva alta perennifolia primaria, suelo negro arenoso,
buen drenaje, aluvial, cálido húmedo, lluvioso, escasa, flor
blanca, 29-10-1973, J.I. Calzada 01031 BM! CHAPA!
MEXU! El Mirador, Mpio. Totutla, bosque de encino en
cañada, 1000 m, herbácea trepadora, flor verde, centro
blanco, fruto verde, escasa, 18-VI-1973, F. Ventura 8417
*AMO(436)! CHAPA! MEXU! Lote 67, Estación de
Biología Tropical Los Tuxtlas, 95°04’ y 95°09’ O, 18°34’ y
18°36’ N. Mpio. San Andrés Tuxtla, borde selva alta
perennifolia, 300 m s.n.m, bejuco herbáceo, fruto verdegrisáceo,
“vainilla”, julio 14 de 1986, S. Sinaca C. 835
*AMO(7066)! OAXACA: Cerro Martín, cerca de Usila,
400 m selva alta perennifolia, predio de Sebastián Arista, 22
mayo 1993, M. Hernández s.n. AMO(in spirit)! Usila, M.
Hernández s.n. AMO(in spirit)! Usila, 2 mayo 1994, M.
Hernández s.n. AMO(in spirit)! Cerro Martín, ca. Usila,
1992, M. Hernández s.n. AMO(in spirit)! La Escalera,
Chinantla. “Vainilla Cerro Amarillo”. abril-1990. M.
Hernández Apolinar sub M. Soto 10707 AMO! 1844,
Mexico, Karwinski M W(19347, sketch)! Mpio. Sta. Ma.
Chimalapa: Arroyo Sangre ca. 2 km E de Sta. Ma.
Chimalapa, selva perturbada con Calophyllum, Tapirira,
Brosimum, etc., suelo café parduzco con mucha hojarasca,
250 m, 16°54’30’’ 94°40’, 20 abril 1985, bejuco, flor blanca,
sépalos verde, aromática, en cañada, común, usos se pone
en aceite para el cabello, H. Hernández 1125 CHAPA!
MEXU(564872)! Orquídea epífita, acahual derivado de
selva alta perennifolia, loc.: Cuaje, Mpio. Ixtlán de Juárez,
Dto. Ixtlán, Sierra Norte, 17/05/94, E. Torres 367
AMO(16696; young fruit)! TABASCO: Hierba epífita
como bejuco, flor con 5 tépalos semienriscados y una quilla
blanca, inflorescencia con brácteas foliares, asociada a
pukté en vegetación riparia, Teapa, 31-05-1990, V. Ramón
& A Sol 309 MEXU [sterile]! CHIAPAS: “Local name:
“vainilla”, in wet forest, Libertad Acacoyagua, June 1 1948,
E. Matuda 17912 AMES(66534; young fruit)! F(1616949)!