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Causal Explanation - UC San Diego

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Correlation without Direct Causation<br />

• Sometimes one variable is directly related causally to<br />

another. But sometimes the causation is via some<br />

other link<br />

- Ice cream sales and the number of shark attacks on<br />

swimmers are correlated<br />

- SAT scores and college grades are correlated<br />

- Skirt lengths and stock prices are highly correlated<br />

(as stock prices go up, skirt lengths get shorter)<br />

- The number of cavities in elementary school<br />

children and vocabulary size have a strong positive<br />

correlation

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