Leo Strauss - Pluto Huji Ac Il

: z k x r n d
,xi`n dnly xn ,oecxeb oexy 'ab ,x"ei - xpiit l`eny 'text
lhpciext lgx x"c ,oexin `ib 'text ,il`n sqei 'text
dex xnz :oeyl zkixr
itl ,hwqic sexiva ,x`eca e` ,l`ecd zervn`a zkxrnl gelyl yi mixn`n
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milyexi wa e`il oeknl zexeny zeiekfd lk
2009 ,h"qyz milyexi
dxev meya ,dpnn mirhw e` ef zxaeg uitdl e` wizrdl ,mbxzl oi`
zlaw `ll ,dhlwd e` meliv zeaxl ,ipkn e` ipexhwl` ,ote` meyae
xe`l `ivendn azka xeyi`
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milyexi wa e`il oekn :cenire xeciq

:סוארטש ואיל
תונשרפ לש התולג
ןייטשנייו דוד
יאכז והיבא
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(1998 ,h"pyz)
(1999 ,q"yz)
(2000 ,`"qyz)
(2003 ,a"qyz)
(2004 c"qyz)
(2004 ,c"qyz)
(2005 ,d"qyz)
(2006 ,e"qyz)
(2006 ,e"qyz)
(2007 ,f"qyz)
(2008 ,g"qyz)
(2008 ,h"qyz)
dk cr e`vi
rexd lr giyde hcpx` dpg
zihilet dibele`iz - cizrd on zepexkf
zipnxbd zicedid zeaxzd oaxeg zra oexkife
mipey`xd mipeivd xec
ezexgaa zecdid
zernyn lr
onbxa d"y ly zencwend ezebdae
bebctk xwegd - u"k awri
- "ylg dk dyi`d ly dale fr iezitd"
"mixtqd oex`"a divfipxcene jepig ,zxeqn
19Îd d`na zeicediÎzeipnxbd zepad ly
- zecici ly xetiq cer "ihqepbd zinrl"
qpei qpde mley myxb
yxid x"yx ly ezebda dicedid dyi`d oweic
- xniidqclid zlekq`
"zecdid rcn"l ziqkecezxe` daihpxhl`
- yecwd lke ,xiee`l xnzen wvend lk"
zxnd lr giya dad`e zepzlrez - "oilegl
19Îd d`na dipnxba micedi ly zcd
- "epzee`be epgek xewn `id zycewnd zixad"
miztxve mipnxb micedi ly zeiheixhtd
1871-1870 ,mdipia migznde
zedfe dwih`et - mieeyd oeieey i` lr
mr wa`na bxapixb iav ixe`l "`hqitrn"a
zipnxbd zextqd
miidy` oaihq
hciny sehqixk
oiwven l`ixab
blt fx`
jxka iav
onbew lh
mzeg mzei
wezxy dnly
dicici sq`
oecxeb oexy
xbexw .b dp`ihqixk
xbxeaiep oxw
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aexwa xe`l e`vi
oiihypii` hxal` ly 'zicedid zeyibxd' :meh`d zvvte izxag wcv ,ifpky` xtr
x`niie zwilaetxn qe`xhy e`il ly zihiletd daygnd zegztzd :mip`iqe`xhyd iptl rbx ,oenxr icr
zixad zevx` cr

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* zepyxt ly dzelb :qe`xhy e`il
i`kf edia`e oiihypiie cec
ziieeg mle` .dhytdl mixqnzn mpi` mde ,mileb miyp`l qgia zellkd zeyrl lw `l
zeieegd zg` ef .daygn xxerzy ie`xd on ok lre ,zxqiin dke dgiky dk `id zelbd
1
.agxp dk ilnq yeniy dyrp `l zxg` dieeg meyae ,xzeia zeiceqid zeiyep`d
zepya mvx`n zelbl evl`p dixhqe`ne dipnxbn miax micedi mil`ehwlhpi`
daiqd .oehxy lr dzlr zipxcend dixehqiddy zra ,mixyrd d`nd ly miyelyd
miifkxn miipicn zepeirxy mzyegza dax dcina dverp dziid mdn miax ly mzelbl
miyayn mizeern miihilet zepeirxy
did mgwl .zipqxd dxeva maizpn ehq mdiiga
zipicnd daygnd ly oeq`d dxd dlelqn oewize mda wa`ndy o`kne ,dixehqidd z`
.miitelg zepeirx zervn`a dxry dngln zayd miaiign mixyrd d`na
zipicn diteqelita mipcd el`l cgeinae ,mnvr miazkl ef zipeirx dnglnae
mil`ehwlhpi`d on miax xear .dax zeaiyg zrcep ,diteqelitd ly dixehqidae
zpigaa zepyxtde iteqelitd oeird eid ,icedi `venn did lhean `ld mwlgy ,milebd
qpd ,oenlh awri enk ,dtexi`n mileb mibed ly ef dveawa .xac lkl ihilet dyrn
mgek z` qp lr dlrdy mc` cer did `l ,mixg`e hcpx` dpg ,xtet lxw ,oex`a
,qe`xhy e`ilk zeidz zxxern dk z`f mre ziaihweaext dk dxeva zepeirxd ly
zepeirxl ik orhe axrnd iexy eay il`ehwlhpi` xaynk epnfa xaynd z` d`xy
ewa`ne qe`xhy ly ezelb ik oreh df xn`n 2.mfiytd
cbp wa`na gztn ciwtz yi
,mircnl zil`xyid dincw`d ,"meid mfixhilhehde oenlh awri" qpka ebved df xn`n ly ze`qxb
.2007 lixt` ,oiileh zhiqxaipe` ,itxn oekn ,"ixeaiv ldpne dwiz`l fkxn"ae 2006 xanvc
zetl`nde zelirend mdizexrd lr bxapiihy ozpeile wewet '` 'b 'bl ,odkd ik`lnl zecedl eppevxa
.zencewd ze`qxbl
Judith N. Shklar, Political Thought and Political Thinkers, ed. Stanley Hoffmann,
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998, p. 57.
dtya zexewnl od qe`xhy ly eixeaigl zeiptdd lk zilbp`a exewna azkp xn`ndy xg`n
*
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2

diteqelitd z` yxit eay ote`d lr zrxkn dcina erityd zeixhilhehd cbpk
xaynl jtd xy` ,zeipxcend ly llekd xaynd ik ze`xdl epzxhn .zihiletd
zepyxt xayn mb gxkda exear did ,zelbl z`vl qe`xhy z` ripde mfiytd
ely zelbd ziieege mfixhilhehl qe`xhy ly ezecbpzd .zepeirxd ly dixehqidd
z` dkixcdy `id ef zecbpzde ,mfivixehqidl zvxgpd ezecbpzd lr zewenr erityd
ipa mixg` micedi milebl dneca .gzity zicegiid zil`ehqwhd zepyxtd zhiy
.diite` lre ezebd lelkn lr erityd deegy micwzd zexqg zeicbxhd ,exec
mfivixehqidd zxrne zeipxcend xayn
md zxkyne zxeepqn zeihpnex `l s`e zewizr zexivi zad` e` zinvr dgky `l
zipicnd zebdd cenill zbieqn izla zepekpae zeadlzda zeptl epze` miripn xy`
xaynd ,epztewz ly xaynd awr z`f zeyrl miaiig ep` .wizrd iqlwd mlerd ly
3
.axrnd ly
xg`ly mipnxbd miteqelitd on miaxy drya zil`ehwlhpi` zexbal ribd qe`xhy
divpbilhpi`de wenr xayna z`vnp dtexi` ik mirpkeyn eid dpey`xd mlerd zngln
zine`l zealzyd oia dxxad ipta mipe` zxqg davip" dtexi` fkxn ly zicedid
4."zelleazd
oial
eayg okle micwz zxqge dziran mikxc zyxt `ed deeddy epin`d mdn miax
izla `id ,miihilet migpena daiygn zegtl e` ,zihilet zeaxernn zerpnidy
ixitn` oeirx did `l xayn ly ipnxbd byend" ,dbelq qpd it lr .mxear zixyt`
byen ."mlerd zqitz z` aviry ixeixtÎ` oezp ,oeekn © § l`ici` `l` yeyi`l dkgnd
xaynd
5."zihiletd
mzeaxern z` oke ziteqelitd mzaygn z` jixcd" xaynd
ly mixeaigdn miax ik zrcl `xewd lr .hqwha oievny itk mihrn mixwn zlef ,zilbp`d
:milyexi ,xbpif cec mbxz ,dixehqidde zirahd zekfd ,qe`xhy e`il e`x .zixarl enbxez qe`xhy
ced` xeqtext .`"qyz ,milyexi ,miazk xgan :dpez`e milyexi ,(jxer) fel ced` ;d"qyz ,mly
.qe`xhy e`il ly ezebde eiig lelkn lr miaeyge mihxetn ze`ean elld mixtqd ipyl micwd fel
Leo Strauss, The City of Man, Chicago: University of Chicago, 1964, p. 1.
Malachi Hacohen, "From Empire to Cosmopolitanism: The Central European Jewish
Intelligentsia, 1867-1968", Simon Dubnow Institute Yearbook 5 (2006), p. 117.
Hans Sluga, Heidegger's Crisis, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1993, p. 61.
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4

lr erityd xy` ,hiny lxwe xbciid oihxn ,z`f dpigane ,mzebd z` zexcwa st`
5
6.mibixg
eid `l ,ekxc zligza qe`xhy
ipnxbÎicedid iteqelitd oweicd z` miax mipaena lnqn qe`xhy ik xnel ozip
meiwd ly iziirad ite`dn mlrzdl did leki `l icedi didy xg`n :df xayn ly
hxta dipnxba dwenrd xaynd zyegz ipnxb didy xg`ne .ipxcend ipnxbÎicedid
dipnxba xaynd zrcez .el dxf dziid `l `id s` ,llka dtexi` ly divfiliaivae
icedid meiwd xayn zrcez mr cgi qe`xhy ly ezebda ,ok m` ,dkexk dziid
ineiwd xaynd icnn ipy oia cxtd ilal zalyn ezebdy `et` dnz oi` .dipnxba
:cxty oi'bei ixacke .cg`k ipnxbde icedid ,dfd
zewelgna dax zeadlzda wqre x`niie zwilaetx ztewza icedi dbedk gnv qe`xhy
xaynd zrcezy dlbn zil`ehwlhpi`d ezeiyi` zegztzd .exec ipa z` ewzixy
rcn ,diteqelit ,zepn` ,dixehqid ,zc - oilneb zewif ilra miax minegzl dagxzd
,mdl micbepnd el` s`e ,epnf za zipnxbd diteqelita miliaend minxfd .dwihilete
meiwd ly iziirad eite`a wa`p `edy jez wlg mda lhp `ede ,eilr erityd
ite` ilra md ef dtewza enqxtzdy qe`xhy ly eixeaig .ipxcend ipnxbÎicedid
mfilxaild ly miixyt` izlad eicrie miaivi `ld eizeceqi cbpk oeeknd wdaen iqenlet
7
.zixehqidd dncwae dpeaza dlkydd zrepz ly dzpen` cbpk ipy cvne
xayn xy`n zegt `l `ed x`niie zwilaetx ly mfilxaild xayn ,qe`xhy itl
mfilxaild ik zibxh zeninza dpin`d zipbxead zitexi`d zecdid .zipxcend zelbd
zpzip dpi` zicedid dl`yd ,dyrnl j` .zicedid dl`yl oexzt seq seq rivd
.mlerl mled oexzt dl e`vni `l zepeivde mfil`iveqd mb ,mfilxaild wx `l .oexztl
“Comments on Carl Schmitt’s Der Begriff des e`x qe`xhy lr hciny lxw zrtyd lr
Politischen”, George Schwab (ed.), The Concept of the Political by Carl Schmitt,
New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1976; Heinrich Meier, Carl Schmitt
and Leo Strauss: The Hidden Dialogue, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1995.
Eugene R. Sheppard, Leo Strauss and the Politics of Exile, Waltham, Massachusetts:
zncwend ezebd lr rityd xy` ,bieevpfex upxt mb . Brandeis University Press, 2006, p. 17
zncwend ezebda gznde yygd" ,cxty it lr .dzegt dcina j` df xayn deeg ,qe`xhy ly
bieevpfex
.(29 'nr) "dle`bd xg` yetiga bieevpfex x`izy mileztpn dax dcina erap qe`xhy ly
,cqiiy zecdid ircnl dincw`d , Akademie für die Wissenschaft des JudentumsÎd
z` d`x
jlny mfivixehqidd lre x`niie ztewza icedid cqnnd ly zlleaznd zepp`yd lr xbiz z`xewk
.zilxail dlgnk mfivixehqidd z` ote` eze`a swz qe`xhy ,jynda d`xpy itk .onf eze`a
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7

`ide ,dzxagl zxg` dveaw lk zygexy zepierdn dpey dpi` micedid itlk zepierd
lk icedid on zlley ef dcaer .iyep`d meiwd
ly eqiqaa ,hiny orhy itk ,zavip
x`yidl `ly ixyt` df oi`" :qe`xhy ly eizelinae ,icedi x`yidl `ly zexyt`
diitivd .zicedid diral oexzt lk oi` ... e`ven lxebn gexal leki epi` yi` .icedi
ik oreh cxty
8."oexzt
`vnidl aiig dira lkly dgpda dxewn ,df oirn oexztl
xarn mipnxb micedi" dpkn miidy` oaihqy drtezl ipiite` dxwn `ed qe`xhy
zerepz ik oin`d `l qe`xhy ,zexg` milina
9."(
Bildung)
dlkydle mfilxaill
diral mled oexzt rivdl zeleki zepeivde mfil`iveqd ,mfilxaild znbec zeixehqid
.llekd iyep`d meiwd avnn wlg `id ef diray xg`n zicedid
ixack ,"zelrl lgd ihqiytd leand" xy`k ,1932 zpya dipnxb z` afr qe`xhy
mlerd zngln xg`l eiazk .a"dx`l ribd 1938 zpyae
eweqirl xiyi jynd md
10,oinipa
xhle exec oa
11,(1953)
"dixehqidde zirahd zekfd" cgeinae ,diipyd
xtq lr cirn dlil wxn .eiyxeyae zeixhilhehd xayna xwirae ,zeipxcend xayna
zeclez ly xg` xe`iz lk mixikn mpi`y mihpcehql bivn" `ed ik df drtyd ax
Leo Strauss, "Why We Remain Jews: Can Jewish Faith and History Still Speak to
Us?", Kenneth Hart Green (ed.), Leo Strauss, Jewish Philosophy and the Crisis of
Modernity: Essays and Lectures in Modern Jewish Thought, Albany: State University
Steven Smith, Reading Leo ;122 'nr ,my , of New York Press, 1997, pp. 109-132
eweqiry oreh 'zinq . Strauss, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006, pp. 23-24
zirahd zekfd ,xzeia `xwpd extqay oeeik zwtqn dkxrdl dkf `l zicedid dieeda qe`xhy ly
.zicedi ziteqelit zebdl hrnk qgiizn `ed oi` ,dixehqidde
Steven Aschheim, "German Jews Beyond Bildung and Liberalism", ibid, Culture
and Catastrophe: German and Jewish Confrontations with National Socialism and
xy`a cxty lv` oeicd lr . Other Crises, New York: New York University Press, 1996
'nr ,(7 dxrd lirl) cxty e`x ipnxbd icedid ly "icbpd lcend" z` oiit`n qe`xhy eay ote`l
x`niie ztewza eyibcd "icbpd lcend"n micedi mil`ehwlhpi`y miidy` zprh z` mb e`x .84
dpank zn`d ly zecea`d dizeiernyn zayda" zecwnzd jez miyxeyd ly l`ebd mgek z`
“The Jewish Revival in the Weimar :"sygidl dkgnd ,ewlga ixhef`e i`nw ,ieag
.jynda d`xpy itk ,dl` mi`yepa wqr qe`xhy .39 'nr ,miidy` jeza , Republic”
myxb ,"miazkna zecici ly dxetiq ± wgxne daxw" ,iwvlcy dhi` lv` hhevn oinipa xhle
,2008 ,bpilqx :aia` lz ,1940-1933 ,miazkn ztilg :mely myxb ,oinipa xhle ,(jxer) mely
.305 'nr
Leo Strauss, Natural Right and History, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
.(2 dxrd lirl) df xtq ly ixar mebxz miiw .
1953
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dpez` ly adfd xezn zil`ehwlhpi`d epzkirc xg` awerd it` xetiq diteqelitd
12
ezafk` z` "zevixrd lr" extqa x`zn envr qe`xhy ."ipxcend lfxad xezl cre
ziilr z` zefgl dpicnd rcn iyp`e mil`ehwlhpi`d ly mpeiqip oelyikn dlecbd
xarn dbxgy zevixr - epini za zevixrd len l` mipt l` mipt epavip xy`k
dpicnd rcn gilvd `l - xzeia mixykend xard ibed ly xzeia mirextd mdizepeincl
zevixrd gezipn eafk`zdy ,epxec ipan miaxy riztn df oi` jkitl .dzedfl eply
eyxit ,dncp jk ,mday mitcd z` ycgn elib xy`k dlwd eyg ,eze` egce epini za
13
.20Îd d`nd zereef z` mixg` miiqlw mibede oehlt` epxear
7
:einia zevixrd
sexih" `l` eppi`y ,mfivixehqida zyxyen zeixhilhehd ,qe`xhy ly ecicl
lbd jixcixt mldlie bxe`b ly einin ,mfivixehqidd zqitz ly dceqia
14."llek
- cere diteqelit ,zepn` ,rcn - ziyep` zelirt
lk ik dtwydd zavip ,jli`e
edf .dixehqidd zervn`a wxe j` dpadl zpzip dzedny o`kne ,dixehqida zipzen
."diteqelitd ly dixehqid `id diteqelit" lk ik lbd ly znqxetnd dxninl qiqad
oiaexe d'vexw ehcpa ,dwpiin jixcixty itk mfivixehqidd byen z` oiad qe`xhy
mitwyn e` miiqgi cinz md mikxre zepeirxy dtwydd :edepiad ceebpilew 'bxe'b
eitly ixehqid mfiaihlx gipn mfivixehqidd ,xg` oeyl .miwenr miixehqid minxf
15.odl
ziqgie zeixehqid zeaiqpa zipzen zixqen zn`
ly mipwixn`d eiciqg" lr dizertydy "zipkz" dixehqidde zirahd zekfd z` dpkn mb dlil
Mark Lilla, “The Closing of the Straussian e`x .zlrez zxqgl dze` ektd "qe`xhy
Mind”, New York Review of Books, November 2004, p. 56.
Leo Strauss, On Tyranny, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000, p. 23.
xexiaa rtyen diteqelitl zc oia xizt izlade cinznd wa`nl qe`xhy ly mqxetnd exe`iz
“Jerusalem and exn`n z` dnbecl e`x .ezelbne ely zeihiletd zecxgdn ,eiig irexi`n
lk" ik azek `ed eae , Commentary 43, June 1967, p. 45Îa
mqxety ,1967 zpyn Athens”
,dtiwr e` dxiyi dxeva zeqqean deedd ly zepkqde lealad jeza oda mifg`p ep`y zeewzd
lkk ,xzeia zewenrde zevetpd z` ,dl`d zeieegd lkn .xard zeieeg lr ,dlilyl e` aeigl
lr mb e`x ."dpez`e milyexi :mixr izy ly onya zepkl ozip ,iaxrnd mc`l rbep xacdy
.my ,(13 dxrd lirl) zevixrd
lxw ly mfivixehqidd zelc cbp qenlet eaexa `ed dixehqidde zirahd zekfd qe`xhy ly extq
mipyd oia Economica zrd azka miwlg dyelya dligz rited xtet ly df extq .xtet
dxeva mfivixehqidd z` oiad qe`xhy .1957 zpya ,xtqk mqxtzd okn xg`l wxe 1945-1944
wx swyn xqendy xg`n dily` `id zixqen zn` eit lry ixehqid mfiaihlxk epiidc ,zlaewnd
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zekfd ziibeq z` ycgn qe`xhy dlrd "dixehqidde zirahd zekfd" extqa
`edy ,irahd oekpd epiidc ,aehd e` wcvd oexwr ly eneiw zexyt` z` ,zirahd
epyi ze`ivna ik oreh `ed df xtqa .iyep` xcqd e` mkqd lk lr dlrpe ielz izla
xevi `ed mc`dy zeid .dwihiletae dwiz`a rxl aeh oia dpgad xyt`nd aivi ceqi
mled ,wiecna qe`xhy hxit `l eze`y ,irahd oekpdy ixd erahn ipicne izxag
`l rnyn ,zeixqend zecinde zelrnd z` lnqn irahd oekpd .dfd rahd z`
jxcend ixqen xevi mc`d ly ezeid `l` dxv ziyi` zlrez e` ikep` mfil`ecieeicpi`
ixqendy xg`n 16."zixqend
dlrnd `id miaehd miigd zxhn" .aehd e` wcvd ici lr
zrcl ,yi jkitl .zilqxaipe` `id zirahd zekfdy ixd zr lka aeh envrlyk `ed
lra `ed aehd" .el mitetk mc`d ipa lke elnq `ed wcvdy ,oeilr aeh ,qe`xhy
lwyn yi xzeia aehd xhynl"e ,"envr mc`d ly efn xzei ddeab zinvr zeaiyg
,zirahd zekfd z` ,irahd oekpd z` `han wcvd oexwr ."zclenl xy`n xzei dlrp
,oreh qe`xhy okl .mc`d ipa z` mledd xzeia aehd xhynd z` xicbn xy` `ede
dxagd zxhn" ik ,zeiexigae ytega dpcd ,zipxcend zipicnd diteqelitl cebipa
`idy meyn zirnyn ec `id dxhnk zexigd .zixqend dlrnd `l` zexigd dpi`
orhy ,mfivixehqidl dxiyid ezaebz dziid ef
17."deey
dcina aehle ryxl zexig
.mieqn ixehqid xywda mipzen e` miiqgi md ziyep` daiyg lke oexwir lk ik
oiite` lya ,dricid `"da dxagd ,daehd dxagd zl`y z` dgec mfivixehqidd"
18."ziyep`d
daygnd lye dxagd ly eceqia ixehqidd
dpyi ziqlwd zirahd zekfd zxezl ik zexyt`d z` qe`xhy dlrd z`f jxca
zipxcend daygnl cebipa ezrcl zavip ziqlwd zirahd zekfd .epxear zeaiyg
dpey byen mfivixehqida d`x eznerl xtet .eqiqaa zeavipd zepzynd zeixehqidd zeaiqpd z`
oke qe`xhy ly efl dz`eeyde xtet ly mfivixehqidd zqitz lr .zixehqid zeigxkd ± oihelgl
lre ipicnd iteqelitd oepwd ly zip`ixtetd dipadd lr erityd zecdie zelb eay ote`d lr
David Weinstein and Avihu Zakai, “Exile and e`x zil`ehqwh zepyxtl ezyib
Interpretation: Popper’s Re-invention of the History of European Political Thought”,
mb xe` d`x df xn`n . Journal of Political Ideologies 11 (June 2006). pp. 185-209
dixehqidd ly ycgnÎdz`vnde xtet lxw :zepyxte zelb" ,i`kf edia`e oiihypiie cec e`x .zixara
.27-14 'nr ,(2008 sxeg) 101 mipnf ,"zitexi`d zipicnd daygnd ly
.112 'nr ,(2 dxrd lirl) dpez`e milyexi ,fel jeza ,"zipicn diteqelit idn" ,qe`xhy
.109-108 'nr ,my
.102 'nr ,my
16
17
18
8

zelble zeixehqidd zeaiqpl xarn bexgl dpeazd zleki z` zlnqn `idy xg`n
ipeviw yehyhl ,ezrcl ,dkilen miiqlwd mibeddn zenlrzdd jkitl .zixqen zn`
dxigad zlef qiqa lk oi` epizelert ly zepexwrly dgipn `idy meyn ,zn`d ly
9
.eply zxeeird
rayd d`na lgd zipxcend zipicnd daygnd ixyan cbpk qe`xhy `vei extqa
cigid z` ecinrd xy` ,epini ly mfilxaild cre wel oe'be qaed qnezn ,jli`e dxyr
,wcvd z`ci` e` zirahd zekfd ,irahd oekpd zxeza cciv ,z`f znerl ,`ed .fkxna
,miipiad inia mixvep mibede mipwi`ehq ,ehqix` ,oehlt` ,qhxweq icia dgzet xy`
zipxcend zirahd zekfdn iepiy zilkz dpey `id ik orhe ,qpieew` qnez cgeinae
diteqelitl zcbepn zirahd zekfd ly zipxcend dyibd .dxyr rayd d`na dgnvy
dxagdy izxag xevi mc`a d`exd ,zilhehqix`d dqitzl e` ,ziqlwd zipicnd
ixevik eply zeirahd zeaegd z` miybdl ozip dae erah z` znlede exear zirah
zqitzl e` zirahd zekfl cebipa .ziyep`d epzedn yenin `l` dppi` ozilkzy ,yep`
"miipey`xd mitgcd" lr ely zipicnd diteqelitd z` qaed qqia ziqlwd wcvd
zeend cgt ly dni`d" ,ezhiyl ."invr xeniyl oevxd lr" ,mc`d ly "miikep`d"e
mb oiad ,qaedk edenk ,wele .wcvd `le ,"zigxf`d dxagd yxr cvl zcnerd `id
daex `weec e`l `ed invrd exeniy myl dpey`xae y`xa mc`l uegpy dn" ik `ed
zipicnd dirad oexzt" `l` wcv `l rnyn ,"yekx - xzei illk geqipa e` ,oefn `l`
19."miilklk
mirvn`a
eprahl ezedna jiiy - 'zirahd zekfd' - qe`xhy ly ezebda aeygd byend
zilkz .eply mil`ci`d z` hetyl lkep exe`ly dcin dpw ynyne yep` ixevik
,mfivixehqidl cebipa .ziyep`d epzedn znybd `id eply zeirahd zeaegd e` zeiekfd
zn` zepexwr yiy qe`xhy orh ,mfilidipl xac ly eteqa `iane mfiaihlx gipnd
daeygd zn`dy o`kne ,mc`k mc`d ly elky byida md elld ike miilqxaipe` wcve
yiy `id ziqlwd zirahd zekfd zgpd .elky byida zeidl `id mb dleki xzeia
lkyd .zixehqid dpigan ielze dpzen lekd `le ,zeilqxaipe` zeipnf lr zezn` ¦
irah oekp edfy o`kne ,ea xikdl mileki lekde ,irahd oekpa oigadl leki iyep`d
ozip mgekn wxe dixehqidl xarn mdy wcv e` zn` `han irahd oekpd .ilqxaipe`
miaivny zeira xeztl lkep `l irahd oekpd zrici `ll .dixehqidd z` oiadl dyrnl
.119-118 'nr ,(15 dxrd lirl) (zilbp`) i`kfe oiihypiie
19

zepexwrd zrici `ll ,xg` oeyl .dxaga miniiwd miybpznde micbepnd mikxvd
epizetcrdl setk lekd didi epizerxkd ly micnerde mireawd ,mihlgend
.mfilidipl zirahd zekfd ziigc dliaed jk .zexeeirde zeiwlgd ,zeizexixyd
.el mitetk eipiirne mc`d ikxev lky oeilr izxag aeha dxikd ziqlwd diteqelitd
zeqqeand zeixqene zeaeh zecin lrak oitelgle zeirah zeaeg lrak qtzp mc`d
ezedn z` miybn `ed oci lr zrawp ezebdpzdy zeide ,zirah daeg lr e` zekf lr
zpbern dppi`y zirah zekf ly ycg byen gnv wele qaed mr j` .iyep` xevik
`et` dnz oi` .envr mc`a wx `l` - rah e` l` - idylk zihpcpvqpxh zeyia
daegde daehd dcind ly onewn z` ytegde zexigd ibyen eqtz jli`e o`kny
eteqae ,mfivixehqidde mfiaihlxd eclep jk .axrnd ly zipicnd diteqelita zirahd
.mfilidipd - xac ly
lr zqqean dziid xaray ,ziaxrnd divfilieeivdy jkl `iad mfivixehqidd
gxe`a wicvdl dlki `l aeye dnvra oen`de oeghiad z` ca`l dlgd ,mfilpeivx
jixve ozip ik ayg ,z`f znerl ,qe`xhy .mdilr zqqean `idy zeceqid z` ipeibd
diteqelitd ly miipepw mihqwha zeilqxaipe`de zeipnf lrd zezn`d ¦ z` `evnl
ezrcl mi`han ,mfivixehqida milbecd mihqwhl cebipa ,dl` mihqwh .zipicnd
zekfd .da zeielz opi`y o`kne dixehqidl xarn ze`vnpd zecnere zereaw zezn`
mfiaihlxd z` qe`xhy lly z`f jxca .elld zezn`d on zg` `id ziqlwd zirahd
lk qiqaa zgpen iqlwd irahd oekpd zyihpy oin`d `ed .mfivixehqida oenhd
ly mfilidipde ixqend mfiaihlxde li`ed ,d`eyd mllkae ,miihiletd epizepeq`
lr ,lkep .mfiytl o`kne zeplaeqd i` ly zeplaeql jxcd z` milleq mfivixehqidd
zirahd zekfd ly ycgn driaz zervn`a zeierh oze` lr xefgln rpnidl ,ok
zeipnf lrd zezn`d ly ycgn cenil zervn`a dzelble aeyl ozipy ,ziqlwd
qe`xhy ly ezecbpzd .zipicnd diteqelitd ly miipepw mihqwha zeilqxaipe`de
ezecbpzde ezelb ,exec zewevn ly xvez dax dcina `et` dziid mfivixehqidl
zbieqn izla zepekpae zeadlzda zeptl" epilr
:ely epeyla e` .mfixhilhehl
xaynd ,epztewz ly xaynd" lya "wizrd iqlwd mlerd ly zipicnd zebdd cenill
20."axrnd
ly
ipqxd did zilhehqix`d zirahd zekfd lr ipxcend xezieed ,qe`xhy ly ezrcl
.1 'nr ,(3 dxrd lirl) mc`de xird ,qe`xhy
20
10

zelgn" iptn oqgl dieyr ef dxez ik zexyt`a dverp jkl daiqd .dtexi` xear
.wele qaed ly zepzlrezde zizxagd dpn`d zxez oebk ,zeipxcen zeil`ehwlhpi`
z` eizeaevxgn exxgy ef jxcae mfivixehqide zixqen zeiqgi egtih el` mibed
sexihd ik oin`d qe`xhy ,cere z`f ."xlhid ly elv" zgz e`iyl ribdy ,mfilidipd
mlerd zngln idlya cer a"dx` lr mb mii`l lgd mfivixehqidd ly iteqelitd
[dipnxb] dne` day dpey`xd mrtd ef didz `l" ,azk ,"xrvd daxnl" .diipyd
abypd ixtd z` diyaekn dlly zipicn zeyik lekiak dlqege axwd dcya dgvepy
,qe`xhy itl
11
21."dzaygn
iqetc ler z` mdilr dztky jka oegvipd ly xzeia
22 xara m` .oihelgl ihqiaihlxl jetdl dqipe eay reawd ceqid z` yhp mfilxaild
zn`d zqitz lr eal lka mgle "eizepeeka" xzei daxd "geha" mfilxaild did
oeghia xqge oqqd jtd ,ekxc z` lilk cai` dpexg`ly ixd ,ely zicegiid zixqend
,daivi izlae zipqxd dibele`ci` ,xzeia okeqnd beqdn dibele`ci`l oeepzde invr
mipencwd oia aixd" ,azeke qe`xhy siqen ,ok` .zeplaeqd ly dnya z`f lke
."'zeil`eciaicpi`'d cnrna ,eziy`xn s` ile`e ,xac ly eteqa epiipr ,miipxcenl
dxab ,zipxcend zirahd zekfd zpixhwec zginv mr ,dxyr rayd d`ndn lgd
23
xezieea mfilxaild ligzd jk ."daehd dcinl db`cd" lr "zeil`eciaicpi`l db`cd"
,mc`d ornl rahd lr xzie ,wel oe'b ly zeirahd zeiekfd zaehl irahd oekpd lr
zepeibiyd oqx z` xxgy ef jxcae ,zelil`l zeplaeqd ly divwecx dyr seqaly cr
mlerd zngln xg`l jtdy ,oilxa diryi ly ezebd
24.xzeia
miipendd miihiletd
mfilxaild ,zeipxcend zekfa mixacnd xzeia miwdaend zelewd cg`l diipyd
zilxaild daygnd zepeepzd zenlbzd qe`xhy xear dziid ,mikxrd
ly mfilxeltde
.mixyrd d`na
ozilkzy ,eply zeirahd zeaegd e` zeiekfd z` mfilxaild xind eay rbxdn
.2 'nr ,(11 dxrd lirl) (zilbp`) dixehqidde zirahd zekfd ,qe`xhy
Leo Strauss, “Relativism”, Thomas L. Pangle (ed.), The Rebirth of Classical Political
Philosophy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989, p. 17.
.232 ,94 'nr ,(2 dxrd lirl) dixehqidde zirahd zekfd ,qe`xhy
miilxaild eiyxey ztiyg ici lr mfiytd zeceqi zkxtda jk lk oiiprzd `l qe`xhy ,aewxh zrcl
Nathan Tarcov, “Philosophy e`x ."jxted xak `edy dcaerl ihxe`z oexzt z`ivn"a `l`
and History: John Gunnell and Leo Strauss on Tradition and Interpretation”, John
S. Nelson (ed.), Tradition, Interpretation and Science, Albany: State University of
New York Press, 1986, p. 75.
21
22
23
24

xye`d ly izn`d ¦ ekxrn zigtd `ed lekiak "mc` zeiekf"a ,ziyep`d epzedn znybd
mcwena zeiekfa miligzn ep` m` .biiq lk `ll encwl s`ey `edy mipt zcnrd jezn
daxnle ghal un`p mihqivixehqidl jetdpy rbxdne .mfivixehqida miiqp xge`na e`
qe`xhy rivdy zeipxcend xaynl xaqdd mle`
25.ixqend
mfiaihlxd z` dpkqd
zyib oial dfd xaqdd oiay qgia weqrl epzpeeka .o`k ixwird eppiiprn eppi`
xaynd cvik ze`xdl mivex ep` .dlebk elxebe qe`xhy ly zil`ehqwhd zepyxtd
,zelbl z`vl qe`xhy z` sgce mfiytd xaynl jtd xy` ,zeipxcend ly llekd
.zepeirxd ly dixehqida zepyxt ly xayn dcina da exear did
zekfd z` dgec `edy jka dverp mfivixehqidd zelc ,qe`xhy zrcl ,xen`k
ly mkxrn cixen" `ed ."zia ixqg" mikted ep` mfivixehqidl zeced .zirahd
26
jted mfivixehqidd ."miixehqid zepexwr mdipt lr sicrne miilqxaipe` zepexwr
dixehqidd ly mirexi`d mxfa miiqgil ,llka zepeirx dyrnle ,miixqen zepexwr
mipzipd miixehqid minxfa zipzend zipyn drtezk xqenl qgiizn `ed .zilqxaipe`d
zetwzl oerhl dleki dpi` zipicn diteqelit meyy d`xn" `ed ef jxca .ieaipl
27
mfivixehqidd ,ok lr xzi ."dxeyw `id dil`y zixehqidd ze`ivnl xarn zipeibd
`ed [zipicn diteqelit ly] zencew zexez xefgy"y qeqia lk `lle dbbya gipn
mc`d" :azek qe`xhy ehqix` lr ely dqnd seqa .49 'nr ,(3 dxrd lirl) mc`de xird ,qe`xhy
`edy jk ici lr `l ,izn` ¦ xye` xg` scex `edy jk ici lr wx [mc`d ly] xirl lrn dlrzn
`vei qe`xhy my ,33 'nr mb e`x ."zxg` e` ef jxca [zeghaen zeiekf ly] xye`d xg` scex
`ly xg`n ik zipxcend zra egipd jk" :qlex gqepa mfilxaild mr xywl milibx ep`y dn cbp
dppi` daiqd j` .dpicnd ly dzxhn zeidl leki epi` dneciwy ixd daehd dcind z` zetkl ozip
daehd dcinl dyic` zeidl dpicnd lr .zabype dlrp `idy `weec `l` daeyg `l daehd dcindy
lr dpbd zlef ciwtz lk oi` mdly ,dpicnd iweg lr dxarn ¥ ,oaenk ,oihelgl dpeya ,rexle
zipencw zirah zekf oia qgid ly zepaez xizr xe`izl ."gxf` lk ly yekxde zexigd ,miigd
Daniel Tanguay, Leo Strauss: An Intellectual e`x qe`xhy lv` zipxcen zekf oial
Biography, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2007, chapter 3.
.16 'nr ,(11 dxrd lirl) (zilbp`) dixehqidde zirahd zekfd ,qe`xhy
Leo Strauss, “Political Philosophy and History”, ibid, What is Political Philosophy,
epi` mfivixehqidd ,ef dprh itl . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988, p. 63
ly cg` beq" silgn heyt `ed .zihqivixehqid `l zipicn diteqelit xy`n "zegt ihnbec"
'nr ,my) "ozedna 'zeixehqid' od zeiyep`d zeaeyzd lky `ln oeghia jezn xg` beqa zehlgen
gezipd z` dbivn ,ixard iteqelitd oeraxd :oeira 1946 zpya xewna dnqxety ,ef dqn .(72-71
.eizepexqgle mfivixehqidl qe`xhy ly xzeia wiecnde cgd
25
26
27
12

28
dxrnd lynl minec zeipxcend xayn jeza miigde ef mler ztwyd ."ixyt` izla
oveni`e zenecw zerc ici lr dneqg zn`d l` mc`d ipa ly mzyib eay ,oehlt` ly
miig ep` eay ihqivixehqidd ocira ,qe`xhy itl j` .zeieby zeipxcen zegpd ly
mze` dlikdy dxrndn xzei daxd dwenr ,ztqep dxrna epnvr z` mi`ven ep`"
qthl zpn lr dpey`xae y`xa dixehqidl miwewf ep` .qhxweq ly lfn ipa mixea
mipeeidy micwn alyl miwewf ep` ;xe`l epze` liaedl leki qhxweq dpnny dxrnl
29
dxrn `ed ilwicxd mfivixehqidd ,xnelk ."d`ixw jxc cenill ,llk el ewwfp `l
ote`a mipekpd mixtqd z`ixw wxe ,mc`d xtgzd day ,xzei cer dwenr ,diipy
13
.qhxweq l` dxfga epkxc z` zeyrle dpnn hlnidl epl riiql dleki oekpd
,qe`xhy zrcl ,zkted ,znled jxca ziyrp `id ok` m` ,zil`ehwlhpi` dixehqid
xayna ievn axrnd .mfilidipde mfivixehqidd ,zeipxcend cbp wa`na rixkn wypl
znzken dziid `ly ,"ziqlwd dwizrd dtewzd ly zipicnd daygn"l daiy raezd
ick ziqlwd zirahd zekfd zxez z` wfgle aeyl epilr .zihqivixehqid daiyga
n"dixa ly dizeawra dkildn e` ipnxbd mfiv`pd ly oeq`d lr dxfgn rpnidl
axrnd xayn ik orh qe`xhy ,dipexi`d daxnl .zitelg zeixhilheh ly medzl
ote`a" ziqlwd zipicnd daygnd zpad ly zexyt`l `weec xac ly eteqa liaen
zipicnd diteqelitd ly zezeernd zeycrd zervn`a `le "oprxe izxeqn `l
zipicnd diteqelitd ly dyecig z` aiign eply xayndy cala ef `l .zipxcend
epze` aiign xaynd ."dly digpena" dpiadle zeqpl epilr dtek s` `ed ,ziqlwd
mnvr mdy itk miiqlwd miipicnd miteqelitd ly zexezd z` ycgn epnvrl reazl
.oze` epiaiy epeekzd
aeyl hedl did ,ely "deedd" oewizae zxewiaa ce`n oiiprzdy ,envr qe`xhy
e` xtdl zeewl mileki epzydy miyp` wxy iptn ,dpey mc`k "eztewz iteg" l`
zaygnn cenll mileki ep` .zeipxcend ly xzeia mirexbd dreefd iyrn z` oznl
.60 'nr ,my
zrcly oreh ieebph l`ipc .12 'nr ,(11 dxrd lirl) (zilbp`) dixehqidde zirahd zekfd ,qe`xhy
miipxcen miteqelit exviy ztqep dxrn `l` oehlt` ly dxrnd epi` mfivixehqid ,qe`xhy
zpyn qe`xhy ly ezxewia z` e`x ok enk . 45-44 'nr ,(25 dxrd lirl) i`eebph e`x .dizgzn
“Review of Julius Ebbinghaus, On the Progress of Metaphysics”, Michael"
:1931
Zank, Leo Strauss: the Early Writings 1921-1932, Albany: State University of New
.215 'nr ,my ,
York Press, 2002, pp. 108-127
28
29

cenil ."eppnf ipa mibedn cenll mileki eppi`y dpeilr zeaiyg" ilra mixac xard
ok m` jted ,"ziaihwiiae`" dxeva xnelk ,mnvr z` epiad mdy itk xard ibed
efy oeeikn zil`ehwlhpi` zepeepzd ly ocira miigd miyp` xear zigxkd" dniynl
"ceqi zeira ly znled dpad ycgn zelbl mileki md day
dcigid
ziyrnd jxcd
.epzle`bl `l m` ,epzecxyidl oey`xd crvd `ed efky dpad ielib .(eply ybcd)
recn xiaqdl - ztqep dniyn dixehqidl yi dl` oirn zeaiqpa :jiynn qe`xhye
`ed oekp m` .dncwk ef dca` dbved recne ceqid zeira ly die`xd dpadd dca`
ciwtzy ixd mfivixehqida e` diteqelitd ly divfixehqida e`iyl ribd df oca`y
lral dricid `"da 'dixehqidd' ly ipxcend byend z` jetdl `ed dixehqidd
30.ezexveeid
ote` zpad jxc zernyn
zeavipd zeirady oeeik icegii eppi` eil` eprlwpy yiad avn ,qe`xhy zrcl
yecig yxec `l opexzt
okle ,dixehqida zecnere zereaw zeira dyrnl od epipta
mfivixehqida wa`idl zpn lr .ziqlwd zipicnd daiygd l` daiy `weec `l`
jxc z`e ezeixwy z` dpey`xae y`xa xiaqdl yi eil` zeelpd zeihiletd zepkqae
qgiizdle aeyl yxec xaqdde .ezxaqda ,ok m` ,jexk mfivixehqidd qxd .ezexveeid
ernyn ,xiaqdle ,xiaqdl eyexit ,mglidl .ziqlwd zipicnd diteqelitl zepivxa
.die`xd dxeva yxtl
l` exaci mdizexezy dziid ehqix` lye oehlt` ly mzpeeky ayg qe`xhy
zn`d ixaeck `le dricid `"da zn`d ixne`k mnvr z` e`x md .mi`ad zexecd
xakn df slgy ocira dxvep znieqn zipicn diteqelity dcaerd .cala mztewz ly
zipicn diteqelit .zizn` ¦ zeidl lekd zexnl dieyr `idy zexyt`d z` zlley dpi`
ici lr dpey`xl dgzety zixwnd dcaerd lya wx zpyein e` dieby zkted `l
`le ,"ehqix`e oehlt` itn" cenll mipken zeidl epilr okl
31.ehqix`
e` oehlt`
,y`x caeka da oiirl yi [mdlyk] zipivx dxez oiadl zpn lr" ."mdilr" wx
zexyt`d z` oeayga `iadl mipken zeidl epilr xnelk ,zepivxa dil` qgiizdl
mileki ep` zn`k mdizexezl zipivx zeqgiizd ici lr wx
32."zn`
heyt `idy
.epzle`ba ligzdl
.585 'nr ,my
.64 'nr ,(27 dxrd lirl) zihilet diteqelit ,qe`xhy
.68 'nr ,my
30
31
32
14

dpigan zipzen miiqlw miipicn mibed ly "zipicnd
15
dxezdy"
dcep m` elit`
zipzen mdly "zipicnd diteqelitdy"
jkn wiqdl ote` meya xeq` ixd ,zixehqid
dpi` idylk zipicn diteqelit ly "zipicn dxez" .(eply miybc) zixehqid dpigan
zeaexw mizrl ebivd miipicn miteqelit ,ok`e ."zipicn diteqelit" gxkda zpiivn
zeixehqidd zeaiqpl dze` eni`zd s`e mdly zipicnd diteqelitd z` "mdizexez"a
.mz`xeda dze` mixizqn mdy jez
dn zbvdl mnvr z` eliabd `l md" ;zixezqn dxeva eazk mdy oiadl yi j`
dbyd xak ,ievxk e`xy dn z` mb ealiy mzxez zbvda .zipicn zn` ea e`xy
ebivd `l md ;zelaewnd zercd jnq lr dpadl ozipk e` zeniiwd zeaiqpd zxbqna
zcreind daizk zervn`a mb `l` `cxb ¥ xedh 'iteqelit' ote`a mdizetwyd z`
dzxard dyexit ,"xeaivl zcreind" dxeva zipicn diteqelit zbvd
33."'xeaiv'l
miipxcen mi`xew ,xrvd daxnl .(cala o"g irceil dxenyd) zixhef` ,zfnexn dxeva
zn`d oial "xeaivl zcreind" oeyll zn`d ly zpeekn dn`zd oia elala miighy
zn` zniiw `l odit lry zeihqivixehqidd
zeily`d z` eadly df ote`ae dnvr
,dxvwa .zixehqid dpigan zepzend zezn` wx `l` dielz izlae zwdaen
.mihqwh ly dcecxe zighy d`ixw ixt `ed mfivixehqidd
"zirah dpad"
zhiy cbp yxetna d`viy zil`ehqwh zepyxt ly zicegii dlekq` cqii qe`xhy
,eikiynne qe`xhyc `ail`
34.ixehqidd
mxywd xe`l mihqwh zpgead zepyxtd
zeiernyn s` `l` zeilqxaipe`e zereaw zeiernyn wx `l yi miipepwd mihqwhl
zeiernynd zxkdl xzeia daehd jxcd .ixehqidd xywdl xarn zebxegd ,zeieag
zhiy `id ,qe`xhy it lr ,zixhef` d`ixw ."zxzqpd mzxez" zxiwg `id elld
`l" ,zexg` milina .zil`ehqwhpew `l rnyn ,zihqivixehqid `l "zirah dpad"
wx epnvr z` le`bl mileki ep` ."miipxcen milka zeipxcend lr xabzdl ozip
.63 'nr ,my
J. G. A. Pocock, Politics, Language and Time: Essays on Political Thought and
History, New York: Atheneum, 1960; Quentin Skinner, “Meaning and Understanding
in the History of Ideas”, History and Theory 1969, pp. 3-53.
33
34

35
"mnvr z` epiad mdy itk weica xard ibed z`" zyxtnd "zirah dpad" zervn`a
36
dxwna - epiidc ,mze` epiaiy evxy itk mpiadl epl zxyt`n `id .(eply ybc)
.dixehqidl xarn ze`vnpd zecnere zereaw zezn` ixaeck - ehqix`e oehlt` ly
zirhend zepyxtd igitq z` miiqlwd miiteqelitd mihqwhdn zwlqn zirah dpad
z` oiadl zepeirxd oeixehqid ly ezxhn" .zeipxcende mfivixehqidd mdilr etky
,ixyt`d xzeia
wiecnd
epl zxyt`n zirah dpad
ote`a dpiadl xnelk ,'zn`a dziidy itk' xard zaygn
37.(eply
ybc) "dyrnl dkld dibed dze` epiady itk
dgkyp oday dpy miitl`l aexw xg`l ,ycgn jixrdl s`e ,ie`xk oiadle aeyl
ibed cenil" .zn`a epzyd `l mlern zeiceqi zeiteqelit zeira ik dpadd epz`n
idefy oeeikn zil`ehwlhpi` zepeepzd ly ocira miigd miyp` xear igxkd xard
...ceqid zeira ly znlede zycegn dpadl ribdl dcigid ziyrnd jxcd
daiygd ly irahd agxnd oca` z`e dgkyd z` ycwn ,z`f znerl ,mfivixehqidd
`ed jk
38."ceqid
zeira ly ozeriaw z`e ozcnzd z` lley `edy jka ziyep`d
milbecd mibedk ,mze` epiaiy epeekzd ok`y itk xard ibed z` oiadl epz`n rpen
`edy xg`n zn`d zrici z` epz`n rpen `ed .zeilqxaipe`e zeipnf lr zezin`a
.dil` ribdl mikxcd z` dyrnl yayne dze` zrcl epzlekia mbet
itk weica ehqix`ke oehlt`k miiqlwd mibedd z` `exwl qe`xhy ly ezeywrzd
,dyexit ,mixyrd d`nd zepeq` lr aeyln rpnidl zpn lr ,mnvr z` epiad mdy
zehlnid drnyn ,"ziaihwiiae`" d`ixw ."ziaihwiiae`" dxeva mz`ixw ,ezhiyl
lr miqqeand - miipxcend dxagd ircn ly zzeernde miicid ztxn dipenbddn
,ezigyd xy` - mikxrl zecaer oia cixtnd mfiaihifet lre ihqiaihlx mfivixehqid
.miiteqelit mihqwh ly mzepyxt df llkae ,il`ehwlhpi` lrtn lk ,xrvd daxnl
zetvl ozip" :dxf zeaxz ly "ziaihwiiae`" dpadk weica `id "ziaihwiiae`" d`ixw
mdy itk weica minrd e` zeieaxzd oeebn z` oiadl miqpn m` wx zeiaihwiiae`l
Leo Strauss, “Correspondence Concerning Modernity”, Independent Journal of
Philosophy 1983, p. 107.
dxrd lirl) lbpt jeza , Leo Strauss, “How to Begin to Study Medieval Philosophy”
.209 'nr ,(22
.24 'nr ,(13 dxrd lirl) zevixrd lr ,qe`xhy
Leo Strauss, “On Collingwood's Philosophy of History”, Review of Metaphysics
1952, pp. 583-584.
35
36
37
38
16

epiad `l eplyn mipey minilw`n e` mipcirn miyp` j` .mnvr z` epiad e` mipian
miqgiin ep`y zernyna zeaxz byendy meyn zeieaxz oeebn ly migpena mnvr z`
zecbpzda ,ok m` ,dkexk "ziaihwiiae`" d`ixw
17
39."llk
mze` wiqrd `l meik el
ly mipt zcnrd jezn zepey zeaiqpa elrty mibed l` epztewz ikxr zwzrdl
d`ixw ,xac ly exeviw .mdiazka "zihnbec `l zegizt"ae zcgeyn izla d`ixw
,hetiy zxqge "zipxizn zeipeieey" ly miipira d`ixw dppi` "ziaihwiiae`"
40.zeilxaild
"zegeztd zexag"l jk lk zipiite`d
dpadd" `yepl qgiizn qe`xhy ,oetepqwa wqerd ,"zevixrd lr" exwgna
lkk wiecna oetepqw zaygn z` oiadl iziqip [zirahd dpadd] df oexwirl m`zda
jxcd ef oi`y xg`n ely 'zeixehqidd zeaiqp'l ezaygn z` xeywl iziqip `l .ozipd
`l mlern oetepqw ,jk lr sqepa ;mkg zerc dbed ly ezcear z` `exwl zirahd
epl wiprd xyken xagn ezeida ik `id izgpd .efky jxca eze` epiaiy epevxy oiiv
xyt`d lkk izqqazd okl .ezcear zpadl yxcpd rcind z` ezleki ahink oetepqw
lw ,ipevig rcin lr ozipd lkk hrne ,oitiwra e` oixyina ,xn` envr `edy dn lr
z` oiadl `id zepeirxd oeixehqid ly dxhnd ...zeipxcen zexryd lr `l xnege
eay ote`l xyt`d lkk dnecd ote`a xnelk ,'zn`a dziidy itk' xard zaygn
zihqivixehqid dgpd qiqa lr xard zaygnl ybip hqivixehqidd j` .dixagn depiad
cer dnvr z` dpiadyn xzei aeh dpiadle zeqpl aiig `ed ok lr .oihelgl dl dxf
jxca ,ezbvd didz jke .dnvr z` dpiad `idy itk ,epiid - wiecna dze` oiad mxha
41
.zxewiae zepyxt ly zwtwetn zaexrz ,zxg` e` ef
:"zirahd
dxeva eze` epiaiy dvex didy yxetna mlern oiiv `l oetepqwy dcaerd j`
,dleki dppi` ,llka eze` epiaiy dvex did cvik mlern oiiv `l dyrnle ,zixehqid
,epztwydl ,dtwz ef dprh .ixehqid ote`a epiadle zeqpl `ly uexizk ynyl ,oaenk
envr z` d`xe zil`ehqwhpew zepyxt dgc qe`xhyy dcaerd .envr qe`xhyl s`
,ely icegiid ihiletde ixehqidd xywdd `ynn xxgeyne cizrd zexec xear azek
,z`fn dxzi .il`ehqwhpew ote`a eze` `exwln rpnidl mikixv ep`y dyexit oi`
.46 'nr ,(2 dxrd lirl) dpez`e milyexi ,qe`xhy
Leo Strauss, “An Epilogue”, An Introduction to Political Philosophy, ed. Hilail
Gildin, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1989, pp. 145-153.
.25 'nr ,(13 dxrd lirl) zevixrd lr ,qe`xhy
39
40
41

envr `edy dn" qiqa lr oetepqw z` `exwl dqpn `ed ik oreh qe`xhyy rbxa
.eyxtl dpekpd jxcd idn dl`yl cin yxcp `ed cala "xn`
dktdy jka xxgynd dgekn dcai` zixehqidd dpadd" ,qe`xhy zrcl
z` zpiivnd zinvr zxewia ly dpp`ye zpae`n dxev
zeipnf lrd zezn`d z` `evnl epilr ik xeaq qe`xhy
`l` epi`y
,mfivixehqidl
42."zeipxcend
gex
mil`ehwlhpi`d eli`e .zipicnd diteqelitd ly miipepw mihqwha zeilqxaipe`de
zeccenzd lk lr ,"mipp`ye mipae`n" mzeida ,dyrnl exzie ,oreh `ed jk ,miipxcend
.zeplaeqd i` ly zeplaeql jxcd z` milleqd ,mfilidipde ixqend mfiaihlxd mr
zaehl mfivixehqidd z` sqd lr zegcl miipxcen mil`ehwlhpi` mze` lr dney
zelewl mdipfe` z` meh`l"e miiqlwd eincewe dfepity ixaca
zn`d
xg` yetig
43."mfivixehqidd
ly minxevde mip`eqd
d`ixw ,qe`xhy zrcl ,miyxec ,miixyt` md m` ,dz`ivne zn`d xg` yetigd
44
z` jtd ipxcend mfivixehqidd mle` .xenb "weic"a mixg`e dfepity ,oehlt` ly
xywdl ziqgi `id mihqwh ly mzernyn ,ecicl ixdy ,seifl zwiecnd d`ixwd
.mi`ad zexecle epl miyibp zeidl mileki md oi`y o`kne ,eazkp eay ixehqidd
,lynl .ely zenecwd zercd zeycrn ulgidle deeddn xxgzydl epilr ,dyrnl
azeky ink epiadl epilr eze` oiapy dvex didy itk dfepity z` oiadl miqpn ep`yk
ecrepy ,xge`nd dfepity znbec miyp` ly mdixtq" ;mi`ad zexecd liaya zn`
mi`xew ep`yk okl 45."mi`ad
zexecl cgeina micrein ,mipnfd lk ly mpiipw zeidl
micnel ep` ,`ly oia dnirp `idy oia , zn`d
z` aezkl dqpny ink dfepity z`
mihqwhde zn`d dit lry zpkeqnde dktktdd zihqivixehqidd dily`dn xxgzydl
46.zixehqid
dpigan miiqgi cinz md dze` mi`hand
Leo Strauss, “How to Study Spinoza’s Theologico-Political Treatise”, ibid,
Persecution and the Art of Writing, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988,
p. 158.
Leo Strauss, “Liberal Education and Responsibility”, Liberalism Ancient and
Modern, Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1968, p. 25.
.29 'nr ,(42 dxrd lirl) daizkd zepn`e dticx ,qe`xhy
.160 'nr ,(42 dxrd lirl) dfepity ,qe`xhy
seqal dleki mixg`e dfepity ly zihqivixehqid d`ixw `weec ik xeaq qe`xhy ,dipexi`d daxnl
dxkda ezceara ligznd ,oeixehqidd :mzhiy z` gepfl mihqivixehqidd z` ul`l lekd zexnle
ly iehia e` ilebqd dpnf igpena dxez lk ly dpad `id ziyep`d daygnd ly zizn` dpady
42
43
44
45
46
18

"zwiecn" zepyxt ipta leyknk `et` zcner zihqivixehqidd
19
mlerd ztwyd
zy`ep dtexz" zpigaa `id zihqivixehqid ihp` d`ixw .zn`d l` dyibd z` znqege
47
zixyt` wx `l `id ziteqelitd zn`d l` dyib zxyt`nd zepyxt ."y`iin avnl
miiqlwd miazkd z` aeye aey zexidfa cenll epilr .epzecxyidl zigxkd s` `l`
48.mda
mipenhd "mixzqpd zexve`d" xg` ytgle
zwiecn d`ixw
xwira mdy ,mihqivixehqidd ly cbpd zprhy jkl rcen did qe`xhy
ly eteqa `id "zwiecn" zepyxty didz ,epnf ipa mil`ehwlhpi`d mipeixehqidd
49.miiaihwiiae`
mipeixhixw zlleyn `ide li`ed "izexixy yegip" xy`n xzei `l xac
zepyxta epze` jixcdl dxe`kl milekid mipeixhixw drayn zegt `l dpn `ed jkitl
d`ixwy oexwird z` x`yd oia millek elld mipeixhixwd .zizexixy `le zwiecn
dziidy itkn
zwiecn zegt
didz mday mixwnd lka ixnbl dxeq` zexeyd oia"
e` dwqt wegnl oi`" eitly oexwird e` (eply ybc) "zexeyd oia dziid `lnl`
,`idy itk dpiadl zexiaqd zeixyt`d lk oeayga e`aed mxha dgeqip z` zepyl
`evnl ozip jkl sqepa ."zipexi` dxeva daezk dwqtdy `id elld zeiexyt`dn zg`e
ddf dppi` xagn ly zizn`d ezrc"y raewd oexwird z` mb elld mipeixhixwd oia
eitly oexwird - seqale ."ze`wqt ly xzeia axd xtqna rian `edy efl gxkda
z` sicrdl yi dxizq dfepity znbec lebc seqelit ly ezebda `vnizy mrt lka
50."zipendd
dtwydd z` zxzeqd dprhd"
.mihqwh ly daeyg dinepehe` dgipn e` zyxec "zwiecn d`ixw" qe`xhy xear
mitetke mixg` e` dl`k miixehqid miwnrn inxfa mipzen eidi mihqwhy okzii `l
dxkdl ik dlbn `ed ef jxcae ,exwgn `yep eilr dteky dtwydd z` gxkda cnel ,znieqn dtewz
cer lk xard zaygn z`
oiadl ozip `ly dlbn `ed ,ok lr xzi .qiqa lk oi` ely zipey`xd
dietv d`vez ,ok lr ,`ed mfivixehqidd ly invrd qxdd .ef zipey`x dxkd ici lr migpen ep`
.oihelgl
.154 'nr ,(42 dxrd lirl) dfepity ,qe`xhy
.37 'nr ,(42 dxrd lirl) daizkd zepn`e dticx ,qe`xhy
.32 ,27 'nr ,my
lr cer e`x .147 ,143 'nr cgeinae 177 'nr ,(42 dxrd lirl) dfepity mb e`x .30 'nr ,my
.27 'nr ,(13 dxrd lirl) zevixrd
47
48
49
50

mitwyn e` zizn` dixehqid dliaq dxeva mi`han wx `l mihqwh .oihelgl mdl
miaiig md .mnvr zekfa micnere miielz izla ,mii`nvr gxkda zeidl mdilr ;dze`
dcina qe`xhy didy itk ,mfiyta iteqelit wa`nl aiegny in xear dl`k zeidl
itk ,eplyk zey`ep zetewzn df llkae ,mztewzn
bexgl mihqwhd lr .zxg` e` ef
xacl mdilr epze` livdl mileki md m` .epeekzd ,dfepity cre oehlt`n ,mdixagny
,qe`xhy zrcl ,aiig mfivixehqiddy ixd epil` xacl mdilr m`e . zexiyi
epil`
51.ieby
zeidl
ipy cvn j` dax zxewia cg` cvn dxxer qe`xhy ly zepyxtd zxez ,dtevnk
,iqtexw sfe'b enk ,"miip`iqe`xhy"d eikiynn :mihrn `l dpbd iazkl dzkf mb
zepyxtd zxez zpadl zepey mikxc mibivn ,aewxh ozpe clitqpn ieexd ,mela ol`
d`ixw' iepikl dkf minily dna ynzyd" qe`xhyy raew lynl iqtexw :mxen ly
'dhiy' ,mixacd rahn oky 'dhiy' lk yixed e` gzit `l `ed j` ,eze` cnile 'dxidf
meyii zervn`a dxexa zkted zwte`nd daizkd dziid el ,rnyn .zixyt` dppi`
dziid miiteqelit mihqwh ly zepyxte ,`l eze otev dziidy ixd zepyxt illk ly
xy`n xzei `l `id zwiecn d`ixw ,df oexwir itl
52."miptv
geprt ly dxev wx
53.cinzne
f`n exn` zten ixtqy dnl "daywd xwira" zllekd dxidfe daeyw d`ixw
.ixehqidd xywdl zeyibx xqg did `l llk qe`xhy ditly zicegii dprh bivn aewxh
ly dpady dced dyrnl j` xedh hqil`ehqwh did `l mpn` `ed ;oekpd `ed jtdd
,mztewz ipa miiteqelitd mihqwhd ly xywda mzavd z` zyxec miiteqelit mihqwh
cebipa ,qe`xhy" ,z`f mr cgi .ipepw cnrnl eribd `l mlerny dl` mllkae
zeidl aiige [hqwh zpadl] ipeig ipevig rciny jk lr cnr ,mihqil`ehqwhpewl
oexztd z` wtql el xeq` mlerl" j` ."xagnd wtqny zxbqnl dwecd dxeva setk
Charles Larmore, “The Secrets of Philosophy”, e`x qe`xhy ly df xe`iza zknezd zecrl
zekfd' ,qe`xhy zrcl" :lynl azek xenxl . The New Republic, July 3, 1989, pp. 32
bexgl dpeazd zleki z` d`hiay xg`n zipxcend daygnl xenb cebipa davip 'ziqlwd zirahd
."zixqen zn` zelble zeixehqid zeaiqpl xarn
Joseph Cropsey, “Leo Strauss”, International Encyclopedia for the Social Sciences,
Appendix vol. (1979), p. 750.
dxrd lirl) ilxail jepig ,qe`xhy jeza , Leo Strauss, “What Is Liberal Education?”
.7 'nr ,(43
51
52
53
20

mcwzdl zxg` zexyt` lk oi`y wtq lkl lrn gkedy xg`l wx `l` ,xagnd zxezl
21
54."'dze`
bivdy itk ezxez zpada
zepn`e dticx" oebk qe`xhy ly mixken xzeid eiazk lr xwira jnzqn aewxh
"ceebpilew ly dixehqidd ziiteqelit lr" xken zegtd exn`na `weec j` ."daizkd
(1943-1889) ceebpilew .aewxh zprhl xzeia zrpkynd zecrd z` qe`xhy wtiq
ly xwga xywdd zeaiyg z` yibcd xy` drtyd ax ihixa oeixehqide seqelit did
zcewpn .ely ditxbeixehqidd z` dpbn qe`xhyy dnz oi` okle ,dixehqida
zepeirx
qgiizn epi` `edy jkn zraep ceebpilew ly zixwird zerhd ,qe`xhy ly ehan
mikxre zepeirxy oin`d xy` ,ceebpilew ,zexg` milina .zepivxa xard zaygnl
zexyt`d z` ezrca dlrd `l ,miwenr miixehqid minxf mitwyn e` ,miiqgi cinz md
ick .zizn` zeidl dleki ,lynl oehlt` ly aehd zixe`z enk ,xard zaygny
."zixehqid zeiaihwiiae`" ,qe`xhy zrcl ,zyxcp efky zexyt` oeayga `iadl
miwa`n oiadl miipicn mipeixehqid mikixv eay ote`l dneca mihqwh oiadl epilr
dl` mze` epiady zenk mipezp micrie oezp avn zpada" mikexkk rnyn ,miihilet
mipan ziipal "a`yn"k miipepw mihqwha "ynzydl" xeq` ."zeaiqpd oze`a elrty
ick miiqlw mihqwh "xqiil"n rpnidl yi ,qe`xhy zrcl ,cere z`f
55.miihxe`z
dxwal e` idylk dprha ynzydl ozip" mxha cer .zeipxcen zel`yl zeaeyz lawl
epiaiy rcena oeekzd dxagny itk dpiadl yi xnelk ,dze` oiadl lek mcew jixv
zepivxa xard zaygn z` oiadl dqpn oyxtdy dcaerd" :lekn aeyg j` 56."dze`
aeyi ik zetvl oi` .epnn xzqp eteqy rqnl `vei `ed .deedd z` afer `edy dcirn
Nathan Tarcov, “Philosophy and History: Tradition and Interpretation in the Work
aewxh ,epzprhl cebipae z`fn dxzi . of Leo Strauss”, Polit 16 (Autumn 1983), p. 13
mnyiil oi` z`f zexnl j` ,zixhef` d`ixwl ce`n miwiecn millk rivd qe`xhyy jk lr cner
dhiyd lr lpeb oe'b ly zxewial daebz eaexa `ed aewxh ly exn`n .(18 'nr ,my) ipkn ote`a
“The Myth of the Tradition”, American Political ScienceÎa
qe`xhy ly zipyxtd
MachiavellianÎd
lr aewxh ly ezxewia z` mb e`x . Review 72 (March, 1978). pp. 122-134
Political Science Quarterly 91 (Summer 1976). pp. 380-382Îa
wewet ly Moment
“Quentin Skinner’s Method and Machiavelli’s Prince”, Ethics 92 exn`n z` ok enke
(July 1982). pp. 692-709.
.579 'nr ,(38 dxrd lirl) ceebpilew ,qe`xhy
.581-580 'nr ,my
54
55
56

zxewiak aygidl hlgda dieyr ezxewia ,ok` .mafr xy` mc` eze`k eztewz iteg l`
57."xard
zaygn ly hand zcewpn deedd zaygn
zixhef`d ezepyxt lr epbde ekxc z` ekiynd ,aewxh `ivedl ,qe`xhy ly eicinlz
"ipyxtd xn`nd" .miipepw mihqwh ly zwelgn zexxern zeiepyxt mixvei mdy jez
.iqetih `ed oehlt` ly "dpicnd" xtql jxry dxecdna mela ol` ly iaihweaextd
xtqd z` mi`xew xy`k ,ilelin hrnk ote`a qe`xhy z` jiynnd ,mela it lr
mfil`ci` ly xzeia dtixgd zxewial" dyrnl jted `ed ,zexeyd oia ,zeyibxa
,extq z` xaig oehlt` ,ef dprh it lr
58."mrt
i` dazkpy [ixhilheh] ihilet
oky lk `l ,llka zixyt` zwcevd xirdy rbxl ele oin`iy ilan ,ipexi` ote`a
dipad dyrnl `ed mela ly ihqipenewÎihp`d oehlt`d ik oerhl ozip
59.dievx
ibele`ci`Îihiletd xywdd z` jilyd heyt melae ,dxwd dnglnd ocir ly zilpeivx
itk , epztewz
ly xaynd oexztl eze` mezxl mewna .oehlt` ly eizepeek lr ely
xaynl zexiyi eiazka lekiak qgiizny ink oehlt` z` `xew mela ,qe`xhy dyry
mi`xg`d z` izeaxzd mfiaihlxae mfivixehqida d`ex ,qe`xhyk edenk ,mela
dpigan "ce`n dvegp" dktd zipicnd diteqelita miifkxn mihqwh z`ixwy
jkl
la` ,zxeqnd ilecbl zeptl miaiig ep`" ik oreh `ed qe`xhyl dneca
.df
60.zihilet
izla zenlern zeycg mi`iand mi`iap eid lyn ,epl mixf eid eli`k ,dycg gexa
.583 'nr ,my
Allan Bloom, “Interpretative Essay”, The Republic, New York: Basic Books, 1968,
z`f xnel m`" :127 'nr ,(3 dxrd lirl) mc`de xirda z`f gqpn envr qe`xhyy itk . p. 410
ihilet mfil`ci` ly xzeia wenrde agxd gezipd z` drivn dpicnd ,meid xzei xexa ote`a
."mrt i` dyrpy
jkn wiqdl mileki ep`" :qe`xhy oreh o`k .53-52 'nr ,(3 dxrd lirl) mc`de xird mb e`x
,dyer daizk lky itk ,ixwn ote`a `l ± mipey miyp`l mipey mixac xne` ipehlt`d bel`icdy
dxeva ipexi` `edy xyt`e ,mipey miyp`l
mipey mixac xnel oeekzd oehlt` .oeekn ote`a `l`
;'dxin`' wx `id" oehlt` ly zwcevd xird ik oreh qe`xhy eay ,121 cenr ,my e`xe ."zilwicx
wcev `ed erahny dnl e` envr wcvl zeqgiizd jez y`xn dppkezy jkl zeced wx 'zniiw' `id
dkenp dbxc `id zwcevd xirdy" it lr s` ."ipyd cvd on ,iyep` jk lk ,iyep`e cg` cvn
xywl wx zetvl ozip .dppkezy itk xveeidl zlbeqn dpi` ef xir elit` ,envr wcvd ly lilra
."xeaica wx `le dyrna zeniiwd mixr oial dpia
Allan Bloom, “The Study of Texts”, Melvin Richter (ed.), Political Theory and
Political Education, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980, p. 118.
57
58
59
60
22

- lekn aeyge .epzxiwg ipta cenrl mvl`l `le ayw aex mdl oif`dl yi .mixken
epilr
23
61."mdly
zel`yd eid dn zelbl zeqple cva epizel`y z` xizedl epilr
zlleyd ,dxv zihqivixehqid zegizta `le dpk zegizta miizten mihqwh cenll
itk dl` mihqwh oiadl zeqpl epilr .zn` exaic xard on mihqwhy zexyt`d z`
okziiy zexyt`d z` oeayga mi`ian ep`yk" ,mze` epiaiy epeekzd mdixagny
han" xy`n xzei yxcp `l jk myl
62."zn`d
z` ebiyde mdiiee`n z` eniybdy
yi ;"zilqxaipe` dpigan mitwz zepyxt illk" oi` ."zn`d zad`e dibele`ci`n sg
bef" l`k ezebd l` qgiizdle "miptan" miipicnd miteqelitd ilecbn cg` lk oiadl
ly "jiqpd" z` lynl `exwl epilr
63."mlerd
z` mi`ex ep` mkxcy miitwyn
xac" zetigca epl xyal dqpn `ed eli`ke "eppnf oa icia azkp eli`k" ilee`iwn
64.eple
el "szeynd dn
ly ezyib lr miqqeand ,mela ly eiperih z` dpexg`l jiynd 'zinq oaihq
dzkf xy` ,"zihxcphqd" zepyxtl cebipa .oehlt` ly eizepeekl rbepa ,qe`xhy
dgeztd dxagd" extqle xtetl zeced diipyd mlerd zngln xg`l dax drtydl
zepyxt xvei qe`xhy ,mfilxaild ly ihqiytd eaie` oehlt` did ditle ,"diaie`e
oehlt`"l cebipa ."ipehlt` mfilxail" 'zinq ita dpeknd zeiewca dxiyre zrpkyn
zegt ,ihilepen zegt ,ycg oehlt`" bivn qe`xhy ,xtet mciwy "ihqiyt lnqk
miax eprhy itk ,daehd dlebqd ly ixhilheh hily eze`n ihnbec zegte iheleqa`
ly erah ik" epl xikfdy jk ici lr .ipeeid dbedd ly "eixagn micg` s`e eiaie`n
ixyt` xewnk ziqlwd diteqelitle oehlt`l qe`xhy ay mly `le iwlg `ed rcid
oehlt`
z` dpkn 'zinq xy`k ,z`f mr
65."ihiletd
mfilxaild ly eaie`k `le
.123 'nr ,my
.127 'nr ,my
.131 'nr ,my
.128 'nr ,my
ynyn oehlt` ly dpicnd xtq ,'zinq zrcl .89 'nr ,(8 dxrd lirl) qe`xhy z` `exwl ,zinq
.(99 'nr) "zitehe` zizxag dqcpd ly zepeiqipa zepenhd zepkqa xeriy" qe`xhy xear wcva
onqexw 'c 'x ly extq lr ,1941 zpya ,dnglnd inin qe`xhy ly ezxewia df oiiprl daeyg
dxrd lirl) zihilet diteqelit ,qe`xhy lv` ycgn dnqxet xy` , Plato Today 1939 zpyn
xpeivw`x"le "qnepn" hqiytl oehlt` z` jtdy lr onqexw z` xwia qe`xhy .264-263 'nr ,(27
icia oehlt` ly exe`iz lr rityd onqexwy gipdl xiaq ."ilxail oexwir lkl zevxgpa cbpznd
Malachai Hacohen, Karl Popper:
e`x xtet lr onqexw zrtyd lr .mfiytd xyank xtet
61
62
63
64
65

ely ilxaild ienicd z` eilr dtek `ed ,`ly oia z`f dyr qe`xhyy oia ,lxail
dziid `l cgi mb miienicd ipyl mle`e .xtet eilr dtky ihqiytd ienicd mewna
leki `l oehlt`y myk .dxitqd iptl ziriaxd d`nd ly dpez`a zernyn lk oaenk
ynn ,'zinq ly oehlt`dy o`kn .hqiyt zeidl did leki `l jk lxail zeidl did
66.zycegn
dipad lr qqean ,mela ly df enk
zexizql xy`a qe`xhy ly ezprh z` ielba xwia mznerl xn`c`b bxebÎqp`d
:xagnd ly zexzqpde zeielbd eizepeekle hqwha
didi oekp edylk xagn lv` zexzeq zeprh mi`ven ep` xy`ky llk xexa df oi`
od zexizq [...] qe`xhy xeaqy itk ,zizn`d zernynk zxzqpd zernynl qgiizdl
miwqer ep`y lkk irnyn ec oeixhixw od ,xrvd daxnl la` ,zn`l oievn oeixhixw
[...] ?htyn lka oeekzn `ed dnl weica rceid xagn epyi mpne`d [...] dwihiepnxda
e` irnyn cg yexit yi iteqelitd xagnle ,dpekpd `id qe`xhy rivny dtelgd m`
The Formative Years 1902-1945, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000,
zepyxtd zhiy lre hxta oehlt`l xtet ly eqgia zexizqe oeinc ieew dnk lr . n. 67, p. 400
.(15 dxrd lirl) i`kfe oiihypiie e`x llka xtet ly
lynl ( Klosko)
ewqelw 'bxe'b .mela rivdy oehlt` ly dpicnd yexit lr dqg `l zxewiad
mela ,mdipy ."lilra dxiaq izla" `id ,qe`xhy ly efl dneca ,mela ly ezepyxty oreh
wx `l ,oihelgl zwcven izla `idy oehlt` ly "znieqn gezip zxev"a miryrzyn ,qe`xhye
cg`k mdipy .zeil`ehqwhpew zipevig zei`x zpigan mb `l` zeil`ehqwh zegked zpigan
miipyxt x`t ipan miccea mihtyn z`ixwn zepal xzidk oehlt` dlrny zewtqa miynzyn"
eizevlndy ,xwira mela dyery itk ,epipta oiivl ick jka ic oi` ,xzei rexb j` ."miakxen
oehlt`y gikedl" yi .xgy lk zexqg od lynl oiipwle zegtyn ly dlidwl qgia oehlt` ly
xqegl rcen didy dgpdd z` eil`n oaenk lawl" mi`yx eppi` ."zeniyi izla ody oin`d envr
,"dl` zevlndl zepivxa qgiizdl did leki" ok` oehlt`y okzii ,xac ly ezn`l ."odly xgyd
ik `ed xexa" :dnec dcewp dlrn led liic .eil` qgia zlaewnd dprhd z` `weec wfgny dn
ixqene izxag xcq [oehlt` ly zil`ci`d xird] KallipolisÎa
mi`ex melae qe`xhyy xg`n
`id mzyib .xn`y mixacl oeekzd oehlt`y okzii `ly migipn md mled izlae ipeinc
dipexi`d z` zelbl lkep eit lry oeixhixw lk wtql dgilvn dpi`e zixehqid izlae zihqipexkp`
xqega dverp melae qe`xhy ly diebyd mz`ixw ik cer oreh led .(eply ybc) "oehlt` ly
ly `yen epi` aehd" :azek led .miyegd inyxl eqgi z`e oehlt` ly ze`ci`d zxez z` mzpad
m`ez mlerd ik oian seqelitd ezervn`ay oexwir `ed ;ely wx `l xrvnl e` ,ihzq` xedxd
md .dyigl ozipy dn oial dpadl ozipy dn oia cixtdl ehp melae qe`xhyy d`xp .dpeazd z`
diihqk iygend oeiqipa ezeaxernl seqal miqgiizn jke iynnd mlerdn seqelitd zafk`a minifbn
."erahn
66
24

zecewp lr cala zg` zihiepnxd dklyd jkl yiy yyeg ip` ,ltxern oitelgl
67
.letxr yiy zexyt`d z` oeayga `iadl epilr :zepyxtd ly zwelgnd
dprha ,dzegt dcina envr qe`xhy z` ik m` ,mip`iqe`xhyd z` riwed xn`c`b
.lilra zexiaq izlad mdizeiepyxtl zepin` zegked ewtiq zewegx mizrl wxy
wleg `edy oreh xn`c`b ."enewna epi`y [letlt]
25
cenlz"
md mdize`ixw ,ezrcl
ote`a dleki miiqlw mihqwh ly dxidf d`ixw ditly qe`xhy ly ezqitz lr xwira
ocir ly eztya xacl ozip `l" .zeixewnd mdizeiernyn z` ycgn cekll edylk
68
ly zncwend eziigca d`xpd lkk mxewn ,qe`xhyl xn`c`b oia milcadd ."xg`
dixehqidd zhiy z` ,bxeaxnn mixg` mixirv miteqelit mb mitzey eid dly ,xn`c`b
.diteqelitd ly dixehqidd cenila - problemgeschichtliche Methode - zeirad ly
odk onxd ekiizyd dil`y ,bxeaxna zip`ihpwÎe`ipd dlekq`l dxeywd ,ef dhiy
zeiray dgipd ,(1921) qe`xhy ly hxehwecd zcear jixcn ,xxiqw hqpx`e
dhiy qgiiln xnyidl epilr m` mb .xecl xecn exar zecinzne zereaw zeiteqelit
,rnyn .da dverp zil`ehqwh zepyxtl zxbead ezyib ik d`xp ,qe`xhyl ef
mihqwh xy` ,zereaw zeiteqelit zeira ly ozcnzd xaca dqitzd z` laiw qe`xhy
d`ixwd zhiy z` aivn `ed .raw jxc onr miccenzn miifkxn miiteqelit
onxd
ly "zitxbeixehqidd"e xzei zizxeqnd dhiyd len ely "zizxewiaÎzixehqid"d
ea j` "y`x caeka dze` zlweye zepivxa" dfepity ly dlin lkl zqgiiznd ,odk
zicedid dlidwdn eyexib llek ,dfepity iig ly zeiyi`d zeaiqpa zcwnzn onfa
dfepityy dn lk lawl mikixv eppi` ik xeaq qe`xhy ,odkl cebipa .mcxhqn` ly
mihqwhd l` eiig zeketdz z` wizrdl epl l`e zeaiyg ly dcin dze`a azek
69.ely
xzia zeip`iqe`xhyd hqwhd zepyxt zehiy z` swz `l yi`y dnec ,z`f mr
eize`ixw z` dcinrn qe`xhy ly ezhiy ,wewet zrcl .wewet oe'bn mfwxqe uxn
zwelgnd zexxern eizeiepyxtn zlley ,"zxewiad ly [...] dci byidl xarn"
Hans-Georg Gadamer, Truth and Method, New York: Seabury Press, 1975, pp.
,(15 dxrd lirl) i`kfe oiihypiie e`x ;xn`c`b ly ef dcnrl mikqdl did ieyr xtet . 488-489
.194 'nr
“Gadamer on Strauss: An Interview”, Interpretation 12 (1984), pp. 3, 8.
.(29 dxrd lirl) wp`f cgeina e`x df oiipra
67
68
69

d`vezk
70.zeiepyxt
ly "mqew"l eze` zkted ef jxcae "miigxkd zxewia ipgan"
qqal zpn lr qe`xhy ly zgprtnd zepyxtd zleki lr jnzqdl mivl`p" ep` jkn
d`ixwy mikqn ok` qe`xhy
71.zexeyd
oia "dieag zeiernyn zty ly dneiw z`
mdy dcen s` `ede ,"zeczi azka miaezkd mihqwh geprt"n dpey dpi` zixhef`
zeibhxhq` m`d ,zixehx l`ey `ed ,mle`e .zei`ce `l zeiepyxt wtql hlgda mileki
oia a'few xcpqkl` exag jxry d`eeydl eqgiizda ?ze`ce zewtqn zeitelg d`ixw
dziid el eic xye`n didy zeripva raew qe`xhy ,yla ly eizehiy oial ezhiy
epin`d xaray xg`l ,`l eze miryt ly mneiwa
ceygl
mipyxtl znxeb ezhiy
ul`z" zixhef` d`ixw .md xy`a mihqwh ly "znlyend mzeninz"a mal lka
zrcl mixniizn md day zepp`yd z` yehpl xge`na e` mcwena mipeixehqidd z`
eaygy itkn xzei daxd zizcig xard zaygny zecedl ,milecbd mibedd eayg dn
zn`d on zegt `l dbydl dyw dpi` zixehqidd zn`d m` zedzl ligzdle
`l dprh lr i`ceea miwleg eid `l mixg` mixwane wewet
72."ziteqelitd
.ef zipeviw
,( Mansfield)
clitqpn ieex`d znbec ,qe`xhy ly eicinlzl wewet ly eqgi j`
zeaygn" qe`xhy ly extql wleg clitqpny migayd lr .xzei daxd lhane lflfn
:azek `ed "ilee`iwn lr
megzl axwzdl `ly mi`nhd z` xidfne edxenl aiaqn ycwn miwn [clitqpn] `ed
aiaq milxhtnd ezenk ahid miyengd mixneyd geehle dkeza zrbtpd
zedel`d
miizy e` zg` - zeneg ray swend df qcxtl e` ycwnl uextl dyw .dize`ean
geztle miycewd ycewl axwzdl frnd lkl gzta zeaxe` zepkqe ,ze`xp opi` odn
,dwizye wgxn lr xenyl xga epwlgy jk lr `ltzdl oi` okl .odekd mr giy eca
ahink ilee`iwn elewipa weqrle ,zetely zeaxga epcbp mi`vei mik`lny dry
73
.ezleki
J. G. A. Pocock, “Prophet and Inquisitor Or, A Church Built Upon Bayonets Cannot
Stand: A Comment on Mansfield’s ‘Strauss’s Machiavelli’ ”, Political Theory 3
(1975), pp. 385-401.
.388 'nr ,my
Leo Strauss, “On a Forgotten Kind of Writing”, What is Political Philosophy and
Other Studies, Glencoe, Illinois, Free Press, 1954, pp. 231-232.
.385 'nr ,(69 dxrd lirl) xehifieewpi`e `iap ,wewet
70
71
72
73
26

`l j` ,'mipeir'ae 'jiqp'a zeieag zeiernyn yiy oaen" :xne`e jiynn wewet
e` zeixezqn zehiy ly ziawr dxarda ixhef` libxz od dl` zexiviy llk xexa
`edy oeeikn ,ilee`iwn ly mipyxtd lecb `ed qe`xhy ike zxzqp zernyn ly
edyn xn` `l ilee`iwny mrt lka [...] zernynd z` gprte zehiyd z` dlib ecal
mlrzdy mrt lka - qe`xhy ly eizegpd e` ely eizegpd jnq lr xnel did ieyry
zipxzg zeixqen ly dklyd xg` aewrl epeiqipa lykp e` zlaewn zixqen driawn
ilee`iwn aqd znieqn dxin` ly dzhnyd ici lry oerihd mr oken qe`xhy did -
`ede ."dl zcbepnd dxin`d ly e` ,ef dxin` ly diehia zexyt`l epal zneyz z`
;zepeekn `l e` zepeekn ,zeklyd ly oielib lr dlecb zekf" yi qe`xhyl :mkqn
dktdnl cre qpqpxdn diteqelitd ly zgprtn zepyxt lr cala znieqn zekf el yi
oeayg lr zixhef` zernyn zqgiiny zepyxt lr zekf mey el oi` j` ;ziztxvd
qe`xhy ly zeizxivid zlef edylk leabl dtetk dpi`y zernyn ,dielb zernyn
zepyxtd zyib z` aivn `edy okzii ,cva wewet ly zeihqwxqd z` gipp m` ."envr
clitqpn oebk ,eikiynn enciwy dly zepey ze`qxb mr zg` dtitka qe`xhy ly
mixvei mip`iqe`xhyy azek `edyk melal xwira oeekzn wewet ,z`f mr .melae
,"ze`ivnd ly mihaidle milnql rbepa zewzxn zepaez" xzeid lkl mdy "miqezin"
micen md oi` xy`k .mvra miyer mdy dn df ik zegtd lkl zecedl mdilr j`
."zevltn"l mikted "iynnd ly ditxbeixehqidd lr" mitek mdy miqezind jka
oaex ;oeixehqid ly dcear" dppi` elld zevltnd on zg` s`y xne`e jiynn wewete
mdy eayg xy` xg` e` df beqn miizxag miteqelit ly mzxivi zext¥ eid olekk
74
seqelit `ed mela ,wewet zrcl ik oigadl lw ."mdizexhnl dixehqid witqn mircei
27
.zepeirx ly oeixehqid xy`n xzei bele`ci`e izxag
,ok m` ,zraep qe`xhy ly zil`ehqwhpewÎihp`d mihqwhd zepyxt zhiy
J. G. A. Pocock, “Political Ideas as Historical Events: mb e`x .399 ,392 'nr ,my
.145 ,142 'nr ,(60 dxrd lirl) xhkix jeza , Political Philosophers as Historical Actors”
Reading ,dpexg`l `viy ,'zinq l`kin ly extq lr ixexc dicy ly zxewiad xn`n z` mb eeyd
Leo Strauss Politics, “Philosophy and Judaism”, Political Theory 35 (February
'zinq j`" :zazek ixexc xy`k lynl ,mizrl ihqwxq zegt `l `ed df xn`n . 2007), p. 66
dni`znd zixcre zwte`n ,ziceq zelirt oirnl qe`xhy ly diteqelitd zeeir oaxw `ed envr
,zexizqa ,zltxern zipkz'a zpiit`zn zixhef` daizky epl xtqn envr qe`xhy .zkl
md dl` lk j` .dnecke 'mixfen miiehiaa ,zencew zexin` ly zewiecn `l zexfga ,mipeceeqta
74

ixehqidd xywda mipzenk mihqwhl qgiizd mfivixehqidd .mfivixehqidl
ezecbpzdn
.ziqetih zihqivixehqid d`iby `id df ixehqid xywd xe`l mz`ixwy o`kne ,mdly
zepyxtd zlekq`y dcin dze`a egekne cigid ze`nvr jxrn zigtd mfivixehqidd
mre .mihqwh ly mze`nvr jxrn dxe`kl dzigtd 'bcixaniiw ly zil`ehqwhd
zeixqen zezn` ly ilkk iqlwd oepwd ly ekxr mb zget mihqwhd ze`nvra zegitd
,ok lr ,dziid mfivixehqidl qe`xhy ly ezecbpzd .miig zelivne zeixehqidÎlr
.mfixhilhehl ezecbpzde ezelb ,exec zewevn ly xvez dax dcina
zipicnd diteqelitd lye ,diteqelitd ly dixehqidd aexy oiiv qn`iliee cxpxa
mekiq
.zihilp` dxeva zazkp `id xy`k xwira ,"diteqelit ly ryryn beq" `id ,cgeina
jka oiit`zn mpeic diteqelitd ly dixehqida mipc miihilp` miteqelity zni` lk
oihelgl zepey zeira lr mdly zecgeind zeiteqelitd zeirad z` mikilyn mdy
ly epepbql" dneca ,"mii`kx` zeceqi" mibivn md aexl .mdincew z` ewiqrdy
mdy diteqelitd zeclez ,z`f zexnl ."( Pulcinella)
dlpi'vlet
hlaa iwqpieexhq
75."zexcan"
ic od ,xn`p xaky dn lr xefgl m` e` ,zeinihibl od mixvei
wenr mzeg dxized zipicnd daygnd ly dixehqida qe`xhy ly ezyxen ,recik
lv` ynn ly oeraiwl dktd zeip`iqe`xhyd ;zixad zevx`a cgeina otec `veie
76
ly eizertyda mipc eppi` df xn`na ,z`f mr cgi .dpicnd ly mipwihxe`z dnk
mb minlrzn ep` .epini ly a"dx`a ziaihaxqpewÎe`ipd uegd zeipicn lr qe`xhy
ok lre zpkeqn zn`dy a"dx`a miaihaxqpewÎe`ipd z` cnil qe`xhy m` dl`ydn
z` qe`xhyn ewpi mipwixn` miaihaxqpewÎe`ip mze` m` dl`yd s`e ,dxizqdl yi
.eppiiprn dppi` ziynn zixqene zihilet zn` oiadl ickn miytih mipenddy dtwydd
zipicnd diteqelitd ly zip`iqe`xhyd dixehqiddy xnel dywy s` ik oiivl yi
,zexida zyxec daeh diteqelit .zeipepia lye leala ly ,drexb diteqelit ly xkidd ipniq mb
."zepcgt `l ,une` ;zeiceq 'zezin`' zvtd `l ,mirpkyn miperih ;oeekn letxr `l
Bernard Williams, “Political Philosophy and the Analytical Tradition”, Political
Theory and Political Education 73. pp. 122-147.
df aeyg zwelgn `yep oiivl epilr ik epl xikfdy lr bxapiihy ozpeil zecedl mivex ep`
.meik dwixn`a mip`iqe`xhyde qe`xhy ly ditxbeixehqidae dixehqida
75
76
28

zegt `l zinihibl mb m` ,"zryryn" `idy wtq oi` ,ihilp` ote`a dazkp
29
.dizeaixin
iabl zeicegiid mdizeprh lya wx `l zwelgn mixxern
mip`iqe`xhyde qe`xhy
zrcl .zil`ehqwhd zepyxtl mzyib meyn mb `l` zipicnd daygnd ly dixehqidd
,dpekpd dxeva da miwqer m` ,zipicnd daygnd ly dixehqidl ,eikiynne qe`xhy
uetp dke ilpae meh` dk jtd ihiletd rexdy xg`n .zeaeyg zeihilet zeklyd yi
aiign mb j` ce`n dyw zwiecn d`ixw zervn`a zn`d xg` yetigd jtd oywre
ly mzeaiyge ,zeaiyg yi mda miraend zepeirxle mihqwhl .zixqen dpigan
`evnl epicia riiql mileki mdy meyn cgeina dax minieqn miycewn mihqwh
jka ic ik qe`xhy ly ezpeekl ieebph ly zbiiqnd ezepyxt xe`l elit` ,dle`b
,dyhipe ilee`iwn eyry itk ,icn © dax zegizta zn` zxin`y epl mixikfn mdy
zexendndn epze` livdl mileki miycewn mihqwh .zihilet dpigan zipqxd `id
xzeia mixeng miihilet miryt ollkae ,xzeia zerytpd zereefdn mb ile`e epkxca
.mneiwa oky lk `l ,mgeka zegtd lkl xikdl epilr jk myl .mfiytd oebk
xtet lxw ,oex`a qpd ,oenlh awri oebk ,exec ipa mitqep milebe qe`xhy zrcl
ocird ly dnxcd j` .rxle aehl drtyd dziid mihqwhle zepeirxl ,hcpx` dpge
oi` .eply xaynd eppi` mdly xaynde ,eply dnxcd cer dppi` dnglnd xg`ly
miiteqelit mihqwh ly myexit ;zeaiyg zxqg `id zepeirxd ly dixehqiddy xne` df
mkxc z` `evnl epz`n micg`l oaenk mixfer mdilr orypd ixehqid giy zxivie
zpn lr m` dl`yl xyw `ll .mdly zeiveaiwd zeiedfd wefig ici lr deedd xayna
77,"xzeia
ipeviwd hqivixehqidd" ,xbciidn ziptz zyxcp df xayna jxcd z` `evnl
l` mipt zeccenzd `weec e` xtet ly ef znbec zip`ihpwÎe`ip zeihiletÎenqewl
zeieyr zipicnd daygnd ly dixehqidly ixd ,qe`xhy ly ekxck xbciid mr mipt
zepeirx ly mipeixehqid ik mixeaq ep` ,ipy cvn .zeihilet zeklyd zeidl hlgda
dn ik mnvr z` mirpkynd ,ip`ixbciidd cre ip`ihpwÎe`ipd on ,`edy dpgn lkn
.dxzi dnfbda mi`heg ,epzecxyidl `l m` ,epzgeexl dlecb dcina ipeig miyer mdy
erityd ely zelbd ziieege mfixhilhehl qe`xhy ly ezecbpzdy eprh mekiql
zepyxtd zhiy lr drityd ef dcnre ,mfivixehqidd cbp ezcnr lr zxkip dcina
zeicbxhd ,exec ipa mixg` micedi milebl dneca .gzity zicegiid zil`ehqwhd
.102 ,(16 dxrd lirl) zipicn diteqelit ,qe`xhy
77

eizecxg
z` wizrd qe`xhy mb ,mdn miaxk .ezebd lr erityd deegy micwzd zexqg
.extql yi eay
ote`d
l` mb `l` xtiqy aihxpd l` wx `l zewcvende zeizn`d
x`iz eze`y ,zeipxcend xayn z` mfixhilhehd xayna d`x qe`xhy mb mdenk
ly zepyxtde dixehqidd xaynk xwirae mzepyxte zepeirx ly dixehqidd xaynk
.zepyxtd ly dzelb xayn xy`n zegt `l df did exear .zipicnd daygnd
30

31
Abstract
The Exile of Interpretation Anti-totalitarianism and exile motivated (or
at least powerfully influenced) Leo Strauss’ anti-historicism, which, in
turn, informed his equally idiosyncratic method of textual interpretation.
Strauss wrote his political anxieties into his history of political thought and,
less obviously but hardly less significantly, into his theory of how to go
about correctly telling it. For Strauss, as for many other Jewish exiles of
his generation, the crisis of totalitarianism was the crisis of modernity,
which he viewed as a crisis of intellectual history and its interpretation,
particularly the history and interpretation of political thought. And as a
crisis of interpretation, it was no less than the crisis of its exile.

Leo Strauss:
The Exile of Interpretation
David Weinstein
Avihu Zakai
±≥
ÌÈÏ˘Â¯È†˜·†Â‡ÈφÔÂÎÓ

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