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Conclusions<br />

To date, relatively little work has been directed towards providing online educational resources <strong>for</strong> the deaf,<br />

although the WWW is now a major source of educational in<strong>for</strong>mation <strong>for</strong> the hearing. We believe, that <strong>for</strong> deaf<br />

children to have quality education throughout their lives, in<strong>for</strong>mation contained within the WWW must be<br />

tailored to address their accessibility needs. The research reported in this paper is motivated by the view that,<br />

through the application of P&A techniques, it may be possible to provide deaf students with equal access to<br />

WWW-<strong>based</strong> educational resources.<br />

In this paper, we present KSO, a personalisable electronic book <strong>for</strong> the teaching of British <strong>Sign</strong> <strong>Language</strong> to deaf<br />

children and their tutors. The novelty of KSO is that it incorporates advanced P&A techniques into the<br />

development of a WWW-<strong>based</strong> electronic book. Through the use of the P&A techniques employed during the<br />

development of KSO, we aim to broaden the accessibility of online sign language learning materials. In this<br />

paper, we have illustrated how, through a combination of digital video, textual descriptions and assessment<br />

exercises, it is possible to devise an individualised learning environment <strong>for</strong> the deaf.<br />

KSO is a demonstration system, whose architecture is <strong>based</strong> upon a complete <strong>for</strong>malisation of P&A actions in<br />

hypermedia systems. We aim, through future development, to test the effectiveness of various P&A actions in<br />

the application area of deaf online learning.<br />

References<br />

Allsop, L. and Mason, C., (2002) A two-hour introduction to British <strong>Sign</strong> <strong>Language</strong> presented by Lorna Allsop<br />

and Clive Mason, British Deaf Association <strong>Video</strong> Service, Classification BSL9<br />

Bajraktarevic, N. Hall, W. & Fullick, P., (2003), Incorporating learning styles in hypermedia environment:<br />

Empirical evaluation, In proceedings of the Fourteenth Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia Nottingham,<br />

UK, August 26, 2003.<br />

Barnes, (2003), Frank Barnes Primary School <strong>for</strong> Deaf Children, Harley Road, London.<br />

Beaumont, I. & Brusilovsky, P., (1995) Adaptive educational hypermedia: From ideas to real systems. In H.<br />

Maurer (Eds.), Proceedings of ED-MEDIA'95 - World conference on educational multimedia and hypermedia,<br />

Graz, Austria, June 17-21, 1995. Charlottesville, AACE, 93-98<br />

British Deaf Association, (2001), Education and Deaf People, leaflet.<br />

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ACM CHI'95 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, volume 2 of Short Papers: Agents and<br />

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Interaction, 6 (2-3), 87-129.<br />

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WWW. In Proceedings of WebNet'96, San Francisco, CA, AACE, 64-69.<br />

Brusilovsky, P. Schwarz, E. & Weber, G., (1996) ELM-ART: An intelligent tutoring system on World Wide<br />

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Brusilovsky, P., Kobsa, A., & Vassileva J, (1998) editors Adaptive Hypertext and Hypermedia. Kluwer<br />

Academic Publishers, Dordrecht,. ISBN 0-7923-4843-5.<br />

Brusilovsky, P., (1999) Adaptive and Intelligent Technologies <strong>for</strong> Web-<strong>based</strong> Education In: C. Rollinger and C.<br />

Peylo (eds.) Künstliche Intelligenz, Special Issue on Intelligent Systems and Teleteaching, 1999, 4, 19-25.<br />

Brusilovsky, P. (2001) Adaptive hypermedia. User Modeling and User Adapted Interaction, Ten Year<br />

Anniversary Issue (Alfred Kobsa, ed.) 11 (1/2), 87-110<br />

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97

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