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14 The Databar System at DTU 6.4.1 Automatic forwarding of e-mail You can forward your mail to another mail account. If you wish to do so, make a file called .qmail in the home directory. You can do this using for example the text editor NEdit: hald(s001234) $ nedit .qmail In the text editor you write: &emailaddress@gmail.com ./Maildir/ where emailaddress@gmail.com is the address where your e-mail will be sent. The line that reads ./Maildir/ orders the mail to be saved locally (otherwise it is only forwarded). 6.5 UNIX and the file system 6.5.1 File system structure The UNIX file system is structured like a decision tree with nested folders. 5 This is in principle the same as in DOS and Windows. Figure 3: The tree structure of the file system Each folder may contain a good many documents (files) and, if you wish, also nested folders (sub-directories) on a deeper level, which again can contain 5 A folder is also called a directory, catalog, gallery, or in Danish, “mappe”.
6 The G-Bar 15 documents and even more nested folders. The structures may, for example, look something like the sketch in Figure 3 on the facing page, which shows how a user (here s001234) might have his or her home folder placed in the global structure of the databar system. Immediately after logging in, you will be in your own home folder, which is named according to your individual User ID. The user has write access to his or her own home folder, and thus can place documents and other folders in it. In Figure 3 on the preceding page you see an example where the user s001234 has placed two documents (dok1 and dok2) in the home folder plus one folder (bib.no.1/), and that folder contains two more documents (brev and gml.brev). 6.5.2 UNIX commands As mentioned before, in UNIX your work on a project can be either graphic or command oriented. The big advantage of the command oriented use is that it is much faster as soon as you get some practice in it. UNIX commands are keyed in at a terminal window (see the section 6.1.2). UNIX commands are generally written in the following syntax: command 〈parameter〉 〈filename(s)〉 where the parameter “filename(s)” could also be “foldername”. File names can include one or more joker characters or wild cards. Two joker characters that are good to know are * which can stand for any other character or any sequence of characters, and ? which can stand for a single character (note that the words “document” and “file” mean the same thing. Sometimes we denote them as documents, and sometimes as files.) An example of the ls-command for listing files is hald(s001234) $ ls -F *tex which produces a list of all files in a folder the names of which end ‘tex’. The parameter ‘-F’ means that you want to see the file type included in the list. Note: Even if UNIX is very flexible with respect to file and folder names, you should avoid using blank spaces, slashes (/) and other special characters in your file and folder names. The most important UNIX commands You can go a long way in command oriented UNIX if you know the commands listed in table 2. These commands
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