LOCUS OF CONTROL ORIENTATION AND LEVEL - Drake University

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REFERENCES .......................................................................... -42 APPENDICES A . Epidural Flow Sheet .......................................................... 47 B . Epidural Protocol ............................................................. 51 C . Multidimensional Health Loeus of Control Scales ....................... 54 D . Demographic Data Collation Tool ........................................ 56 E . Permission from Hospital" IIRC ............................................ 58 F . Permission to Use Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales 60 G . Consent Letter ................................................................. 65
CHAPTER I DIMENSIONS <strong>OF</strong> THE PROBLEM Perceptions of pain relief in postoperative persons and health locus of control were investigated in this study. Persons who had abdominal surgery between May 1, 1991 and July 1, 1992 at a large Midwestern medical center and had epidural analgesia to controf. pain were invited to participate in this study. Those who agreed to participate were asked to complete the Multi- dimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales that are designed to categorize respondents into IHLC (internal health locus of control), PHLC (powerful others health locus of control) and CHLC (chance health locus of control). Subjects' hospital records were then reviewed to obmn data about their perception of pain relief with epidural analgesia while recovering from abdominal surgery. The nurses providing patient care followed a protocol that required them to ask and record the patient's perception of pain relief on a scale of 0 to 10 and "0" representing "no pain,'"T5" as "~iioderate painl'aand " 10," "extreme pain. " Pain is often a perplexing phenomenon that challenges nurses. Carr (1990) described postoperative wound pain as a "major under-recognized problem" (p. 89). Ketovuori (1987) documented that 80% of surgical patients suffer moderate to intense pain after surgery desplre the use of analgesics. The n& to gain insight into the pain experience of the postoperative patient goes beyond a subjective casual interest. Rather, it is an obligation of those involved in provision of health care to gain understanding or' the pain experience. Carr (1990) stated that "Pain relief is desirable not onlv for humane and moral
Page 1 and 2: LOCUS OF CONTROL ORIENTATION AND LE
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT The pupse of this study wa
Page 5: TABLE OF CONTENTS Page . . ABSTRACT
Page 9 and 10: One factor that is often referred t
Page 11 and 12: ' a as their effects" (p. 52). Nurs
Page 13 and 14: nurses meet the goal of providing t
Page 15 and 16: ~rsonnel/nursing can use to increas
Page 17 and 18: Since the advent of Itotter's I-E L
Page 19 and 20: pain as it reaches the brain. This
Page 21 and 22: Epidurd analgesia involves placemen
Page 23: and severe tension headaches and 14
Page 26 and 27: from traditional interventions to t
Page 28 and 29: 3. experienced a recovery period wi
Page 30 and 31: than previous scaling techniques. M
Page 32 and 33: Low positive correlations with appr
Page 34 and 35: scores for postoperative day one an
Page 36 and 37: Period studied Day one Internal Cha
Page 38 and 39: Table 6. ANOVA: FIRST 48 HOURS Comp
Page 40 and 41: the pain stimuli would be less susc
Page 42 and 43: Another explanation for why the hyp
Page 44 and 45: domain of the acute pain experience
Page 46 and 47: Orem cautioned nurses that this int
Page 48 and 49: REFERENCES Abramson, L-, Seligmm, M
Page 50 and 51: Melzack, R. & Wall, P. The challeng
Page 52 and 53: Spielberger, C., Gorsuch, R., & Lus
Page 54 and 55: Nursing Epidural Flow Sheet Il CODt
Page 56 and 57:
MAR KEY FRN MEDS: T - TIME ADMlNlST
Page 58 and 59:
NURSING EPIDV%Ii LATHEIER PROTOC~ I
Page 60 and 61:
Appendix C: Multidimensional HeaIth
Page 62:
Appendix D: Demographic Data Collec
Page 65 and 66:
June 25, 7992 Jul ianne Sarcone 481
Page 67 and 68:
VANDERI3f L'I' UNIVERSITY NASIIVILL
Page 69 and 70:
our work on using the Value Survey
Page 71 and 72:
Appendix G: Consent Letter
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LOCUS OF CONTROL ORIENTATION AND LEVEL - Drake University

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