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Variations on the Shapley value

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(3) Owen (1977) and Hart and Kurz (1983) gave an axiomatic characterizati<strong>on</strong><br />

of <strong>the</strong> coaliti<strong>on</strong>al structure <strong>value</strong> as an operator which is defined <strong>on</strong> pairs<br />

(v, π), using axioms that c<strong>on</strong>sider changes in <strong>the</strong> <strong>value</strong>s of such an operator<br />

when both <strong>the</strong> game and <strong>the</strong> partiti<strong>on</strong> are changed.<br />

(4) McLean (1991) defined and analyzed coaliti<strong>on</strong>al structure random-order<br />

<strong>value</strong>s, as follows. Let π be a partiti<strong>on</strong> of N and let b ∈ ∆(OR). b is<br />

c<strong>on</strong>sistent with π if b(τ) = 0 for every order τ which is not c<strong>on</strong>sistent with<br />

π. A random order <strong>value</strong> is a π random order coaliti<strong>on</strong>al structure <strong>value</strong> if it<br />

is defined by some b ∈ ∆(OR) which is c<strong>on</strong>sistent with π. Levy and McLean<br />

(1989) defined and characterized weighted coaliti<strong>on</strong>al structure <strong>value</strong>s.<br />

(5) McLean and Ye (1996) developed <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>ory of coaliti<strong>on</strong>al structure semi-<br />

<strong>value</strong>s for finite games.<br />

(6) Winter (1992) characterized <strong>the</strong> Owen <strong>value</strong> by a c<strong>on</strong>sistency property which<br />

generalizes <strong>the</strong> <strong>on</strong>e given in Hart and Mas-Colell (1989). He also generalized<br />

<strong>the</strong> potential approach and showed that <strong>the</strong> Owen <strong>value</strong>, Myers<strong>on</strong> <strong>value</strong> and<br />

A-D <strong>value</strong> can be developed through this approach.<br />

(7) Winter (1989) developed <strong>the</strong> <strong>the</strong>ory of <strong>value</strong>s defined <strong>on</strong> pairs (v, p), where<br />

v ∈ G and p = (π1, . . . , πm) is a decreasing sequence of partiti<strong>on</strong>s. 10<br />

(8) Lucas (1963) and Myers<strong>on</strong> (1976) dealt with <strong>value</strong>s of generalized games,<br />

References.<br />

where <strong>the</strong> worth of a coaliti<strong>on</strong> also depends <strong>on</strong> <strong>the</strong> partiti<strong>on</strong> into coaliti<strong>on</strong>s<br />

generated by <strong>the</strong> players.<br />

R. Amer and F. Carreras (1995). Games and Cooperati<strong>on</strong> Indices. Interna-<br />

10 The idea for dealing with such <strong>value</strong>s appears in Owen (1977).<br />

30

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