Chapter 16 Review Test

Name: ______________________ Class: _________________ Date: _________ ID: A
Chapter 16 Review Test
Matching
Match the terms to the descriptions.
a. Comintern f. Kristallnacht
b. kulaks g. Black Shirts
c. Kellogg-Briand Pact h. flappers
d. Gestapo i. surrealism
e. totalitarian state j. Gulag
____ 1. renounced war as an instrument of policy
____ 2. liberated young women of the Jazz Age
____ 3. a one-party dictatorship that tries to regulate all aspects of its citizens’ lives
____ 4. an artistic movement that attempts to portray the workings of the unconscious
____ 5. a system of brutal Russian labor camps
____ 6. Nazi secret police
____ 7. militant supporters of Benito Mussolini
____ 8. “Night of Broken Glass”
____ 9. encouraged world-wide communist revolution
____ 10. a class of wealthy farmers whom Stalin destroyed
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 11. What was a result of prohibition, which was made law in the United States in 1919?
a. greater freedom for women c. voting rights for more citizens
b. an increase in organized crime d. the development of jazz music
____ 12. In 1928, Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming discovered
a. atomic fission. c. the theory of relativity.
b. penicillin. d. psychoanalysis.
____ 13. How did the League of Nations respond when Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931?
a. It insisted that the United States solve the problem.
b. It sent arms and supplies to the Manchurians.
c. It launched an assault against the invading forces.
d. It condemned Japan’s action but did nothing to stop it.
____ 14. U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a massive package of Depression relief called the
a. New Deal. c. Fair Deal.
b. Federal Reserve. d. Great Society.
____ 15. What was a key characteristic of fascism in the 1920s and 1930s?
a. glorification of human reason c. open political debate
b. supremacy of the state d. pursuit of a classless society
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Name: ______________________ ID: A
____ 16. On Stalin’s collectives,
a. individual peasants could own small plots of land.
b. agricultural output skyrocketed in the 1930s.
c. the government provided tractors, fertilizers, and seed.
d. peasants set all prices and controlled access to farm supplies.
____ 17. Stalin attempted to make the cultural life of the Soviet Union more Russian by promoting a policy of
a. russification. c. tsarism.
b. surrealism. d. capitalism.
____ 18. France occupied Germany’s coal-rich Ruhr Valley in 1923
a. to protest the policies of Adolf Hitler.
b. because the French wanted to acquire more land.
c. to force striking German miners back to work.
d. because Germany had fallen behind in reparations.
____ 19. What 1924 agreement reduced German reparations and provided U.S. loans to Germany?
a. Dawes Plan c. Locarno treaties
b. Versailles treaty d. Kellogg-Briand Pact
____ 20. In 1935, the Nazis passed the Nuremberg Laws which
a. combined all Protestant sects into a single state church.
b. deprived Jews of German citizenship.
c. required all young Germans to join the Hitler Youth.
d. established the Third Reich under Hitler.
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Name: ______________________ ID: A
Short Answer
21. Recognize Propaganda The Nazis used this poster during the 1932 Reichstag election. It reads
“Work and Food.” What is the message conveyed in this poster? Why do you think the Nazis
viewed this as one of their most effective posters?
22. Make Comparisons Compare and contrast the ways Britain, France, and the United States dealt with
the problems created by the Great Depression.
23. Recognize Ideologies What were the main characteristics of fascist governments of the 1930s? Why
did fascists dislike democratic ideals?
24. Make Generalizations The fascists could not have come to power in Italy or Germany without
some popular support. Why did many people prefer fascism over a constitutional government?
25. Summarize How did the Soviet Union’s command economy work? Was it successful?
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Chapter 16 Review Test
Answer Section
MATCHING
1
ID: A
1. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 893
OBJ: 28.2.1 Summarize the domestic and foreign policy issues Europe faced after World War I.
STA: 12.1.7 | 12.2.10 TOP: disarmament
2. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 885
OBJ: 28.1.1 Analyze how Western society changed after World War I.
STA: 12.2.10 TOP: popular culture
3. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 901
OBJ: 28.3.3 Understand the values and goals of fascist ideology.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: totalitarianism
4. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 889
OBJ: 28.1.2 Describe the literary and artistic trends that emerged in the 1920s.
STA: 12.1.6 | 12.2.10 TOP: modern art
5. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 906
OBJ: 28.4.2 Explain how Stalin tried to control how people thought in the Soviet Union.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Stalinism
6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 915
OBJ: 28.5.2 Describe the Nazi party's political, social, economic, and cultural policies.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Nazism
7. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 899
OBJ: 28.3.1 Describe how conditions in Italy favored the rise of Mussolini.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: fascism
8. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 916
OBJ: 28.5.2 Describe the Nazi party's political, social, economic, and cultural policies.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Nazism
9. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 911
OBJ: 28.4.4 Outline Soviet foreign policy under Stalin. STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10
TOP: Soviet Union
10. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 905
OBJ: 28.4.1 Describe the effects of Stalin's five-year plans. STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10
TOP: Stalinism
MULTIPLE CHOICE
11. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 885
OBJ: 28.1.1 Analyze how Western society changed after World War I.
STA: 12.2.10 TOP: Prohibition
12. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 888
OBJ: 28.1.3 List several advances in modern scientific thought. STA: 12.1.6 | 12.2.10
TOP: science

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ID: A
13. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: p. 893
OBJ: 28.2.1 Summarize the domestic and foreign policy issues Europe faced after World War I.
STA: 12.1.7 | 12.2.10 TOP: League of Nations
14. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 897
OBJ: 28.2.4 Analyze how the Great Depression began and spread and how Britain, France, and the
United States tried to address it. TOP: Great Depression
15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: pp. 901-902
OBJ: 28.3.3 Understand the values and goals of fascist ideology.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: fascism
16. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 905
OBJ: 28.4.1 Describe the effects of Stalin's five-year plans. STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10
TOP: Stalinism
17. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: p. 908
OBJ: 28.4.2 Explain how Stalin tried to control how people thought in the Soviet Union.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Stalinism
18. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 913
OBJ: 28.5.1 Analyze the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Weimar Republic
19. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 913
OBJ: 28.5.1 Analyze the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Weimar Republic
20. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: p. 915
OBJ: 28.5.2 Describe the Nazi party's political, social, economic, and cultural policies.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: Nazism
SHORT ANSWER
21. ANS:
Possible response: The arms holding the work implements from above represent the Nazis. The
outstretched hands from below represent the German people. The message in this poster states that
the Nazis can provide the German people with both work and food. The image suggests a fatherly
relationship between the Nazis and everyday Germans. During the Great Depression, this was
probably a powerful message. It works well as propaganda because the message is brief and is
delivered in a simple slogan. The Nazis likely viewed this poster as one of their most effective
because of its directness and simplicity. It presents a message that is so clear it cannot be
misunderstood.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: pp. 915-916
OBJ: 28.5.2 Describe the Nazi party's political, social, economic, and cultural policies.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: propaganda

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ID: A
22. ANS:
Possible response: In Britain, political leaders provided some unemployment benefits to citizens.
Otherwise, they did not act decisively. By 1931, one in four workers in Britain was unemployed. The
lack of strong leadership also hurt relief efforts in France. In that country, leftist parties behind the
socialist government passed some social legislation. However, this was unable to satisfy radicals.
France lacked the strong leadership needed to make change.
During the early part of the Depression, the efforts of the U.S. government were also limited. This
was influenced by Hoover’s belief in “small government.” This changed when Franklin D.
Roosevelt became president in 1932. Roosevelt’s New Deal legislation was a massive package of
economic and social programs. These programs greatly expanded the federal government. Though
the New Deal eased suffering, it did not end the Great Depression.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: pp. 896-897
OBJ: 28.2.3 Describe how the Great Depression began and spread and how Britain, France, and the
United States tried to address it. STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10
TOP: Great Depression
23. ANS:
Possible response: Fascism in the 1930s was largely rooted in extreme nationalism. It glorified
emotion, action, violence, discipline, and blind loyalty to the state. Fascism was generally militaristic.
Fascist countries often pursued a policy of aggressive foreign expansion. Fascism also strongly
opposed socialism and communism. It supported a society with rigidly defined classes. Fascists
disliked democratic ideals such as equality and liberty. They thought that democracy puts individual
or class interests above national goals. Democracy, they argued, often leads to corruption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: pp. 901, 902
OBJ: 28.3.3 Understand the values and goals of fascist ideology.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: fascism
24. ANS:
Possible response: In the years after World War I, Germany and Italy experienced social, economic,
and political turmoil. In Italy, many peasants seized land. Industrial workers went on strike or took
control of factories. Trade declined and taxes rose. In Germany, economic problems caused inflation
to spiral out of control. The German mark became almost worthless. Millions of Germans went
broke, and unemployment was very high. Many feared that the communists would come to power.
People became angry at the existing governments since they were powerless to solve these problems.
Citizens were desperate for a solution. Fascists promised to restore social order, solve economic
problems, and provide a new sense of national pride. This was a powerful message. As evidence of
this, even people in foreign democracies praised the governments of Italy and Germany before they
began their campaigns of aggression.
PTS: 1 DIF: Difficult REF: pp. 898-902, 912-917
OBJ: 28.3.3 Understand the values and goals of fascist ideology.
STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10 TOP: fascism

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ID: A
25. ANS:
Possible response: In the Soviet Union’s command economy, government officials made all the basic
economic decisions. (In a capitalist system, the free market determines what products are produced
and the quantity in which they are produced.) The central planning in the Soviet Union was often
inefficient. It caused both shortages and surpluses. The Soviet economy turned out low-quality goods
since there was no competition. (In a capitalist economy, competition is the reason why businesses
produce high-quality products.) Overall, this system was not successful since it ensured chronic
shortages, poor products, and a low standard of living for the Soviet people.
PTS: 1 DIF: Moderate REF: pp. 904-910
OBJ: 28.4.1 Describe the effects of Stalin's five-year plans. STA: 12.1.8 | 12.2.10
TOP: Stalinism