heckman thesis.pdf

5.2. GUMO - THE GENERAL USER MODEL ONTOLOGY 87
5.2.1 User Model Auxiliaries
First of all, the group of auxiliaries has to be identified. Table 5.1 shows a list of several,
identified, important user model auxiliaries together with their attached UbisIds.
Table 5.1: List of User Model Auxiliaries
Group Name Id
UserModelAuxiliary has Property 600100
UserModelAuxiliary has Interest 600110
UserModelAuxiliary has Believe 600120
UserModelAuxiliary has Knowledge 600130
UserModelAuxiliary has Preference 600140
UserModelAuxiliary has Regularity 600150
UserModelAuxiliary has Plan 600160
UserModelAuxiliary has Goal 600170
UserModelAuxiliary has Done 600180
UserModelAuxiliary has Location 600190
This listing is not intended to be complete but it is a start with which most of the important
user model statements can be realized. The auxiliary has Property leads to the more user
centric predicates that are described in the next section with the name Basic User Dimensions.
The auxiliaries has Interest and has Preference lead mainly to the User Model
Interest Categories like music categories or film genres which are introduced in section 5.14.
The auxiliaries has Regularity and has Done lead to the so-called Usage Data as
defined in [Kobsa, 2001a] and the Low Level Sensor Data. The auxiliary has Location
leads to a spatial ontology as described in section 5.3.2 on page 105.
However, as stated above, it turned out that actually any concept in the whole world
can be needed to express user model data. The crucial design decision is to leave this part
open for existing other ontologies like the general SUMO/MILO ontologies or the Cyc ontology
as described in section 3.3 about external ontologies and knowledge bases. This in
turn leads to a modular approach which forms a key feature rather than a disadvantage.
Furthermore a so-called UBISWORLD ONTOLOGY has been developed to fill the gaps of
missing concepts in external ontologies and to enable fast prototyping, see section 5.3 or
[Stahl and Heckmann, 2004b]. Nevertheless, the attempt of defining a commonly accepted,
specialized top level ontology for the user modeling research is presented in the following
section.
5.2.2 Basic User Model Dimensions
An overview of modeled properties in user-adaptive systems is presented in [Jameson, 2001a]
and [Jameson, 2001c] together with the analysis about the breadth of implications, directness
of decision-relevance and ease of assessment. Some user model dimensions can typically
be observed by the system directly, some user model dimensions may require additional