National Profile

To the present time Ukraine has faced a dilemma, what
power generation should be in Ukraine? It is obvious
that power generation is not only a basis for real politic
independence of the country today, but a precondition
for a stable development of Ukraine tomorrow, an essential
condition for forming modern and strong post-industrial
economy.
34 area of Crimea, will be one of the biggest in the world.
tors partly because of politics which are carried out by In the nearest decades it will be possible to solve issues 35
Ukraine
“Recent events made it clear that Ukraine has
no possibility to place a bet on oil and gas based
energy system.“
uKRAINE
EuROPE gOINg gREEN
Recent events made it clear that Ukraine has no possibility
to place a bet on oil and gas based energy system
(Figure 11). There is no sense to be relying on nuclear power
until issues connected with safety of nuclear power
stations and organization of long-term nuclear waste depositories
will be solved. Besides, as in case with oil and
gas, Ukraine supports foreign economics buying nuclear
fuel and equipment for nuclear power stations.
Ukraine has determined its new purposes in development
of power generation from renewable sources. Corresponding
amendments in State program of energy efficiency
are approved by Cabinet of Ministers in April 2011.
This program for the first time establishes mid-term purpose
for Ukraine - to achieve 10% of energy generation
from renewable sources to 2015 (and 30% by 2030). This
means that for the next 3.5 years support of investments
in "green" power generation will be maximal. Updated
program suggests to establish 5,61 GW of generating capacities
of wind-stations, 1,45 GW of solar plants, 75 MW
of small power plants, 791 MW of solid biofuel plants, 111
MW of bio-gas plants, 461,5 MW of capacities for production
of electrical and heat energy from biomass and 200
mW - from geothermal sources to 2015 (Figure 12).
Figure 11: Installed electricity capacity in Ukraine
(source: Austrian Energy Agency)
MW and started generation. This object is situated in
Crimea, near Simferopol. At the moment of its start this
plant consisting from 33,8 thousand panels was the biggest
on the territory of CIS.
Solar park "Okhotnikovo" with determined project power
of 80 MW which the Austrians are installing in Saky
First phase of "Okhotnikovo" with 20 MW capacity was
connected to the energy grid in August 2011. The remaining
40 MW are planned to be finished at the beginning
of 2012.
Big projects also are installed in the field of wind energy.
In Donetsk region construction of he two phase wind
park "Novoazovskiy" has been finished in 2011. The whole
project provides installation of 43 generators (107,5
MW). Equipment supplier for this project is German
company Fuhrlaender. Development of these projects
demonstrated that laws in stimulation of electrical energy
from renewable sources work in practice. In particular,
German company Managess Energy has already
announced construction of photovoltaic power plant
in Zhaporozhye region, and Greek company ENECO - of
wind parks in Crimea.
Another aspect of green energy that shows potential by
the level of investments is the small hydro power plants.
Historically, before atomic energy boom in 1970-80, Ukraine
had 1800 small hydro power plants. Nowadays,
companies install new equipment on these old plants,
or build complete new objects. From 74 projects with
green tariff, 61 are small hydro plants. Amongst the most
successful Ukrainian companies in this field - Novosvit,
having about 14 hydro power plants, Akvanova and Sibeks,
also having in possession some hydro power plants.
These companies successfully use "green" tariff. Swiss
company Alter Energy Group AG (AEG) is interested as
well in development of small hydro. These projects are
supported by EBRD and International Finance Corporation
(a branch of the World Bank). German company
RWE is going to enter Ukrainian market of alternative
energy. It was historically interested in development of
small hydro.
Ukraine has powerful agricultural sector, therefore its
third direction is biofuel from plant or cattle breeding
waste. For example, company Zorg Biogas AG works in
this field, which in time of processing of raw material
into bio-gas uses patented German technologies.
The third category, in which Ukraine actually has potential,
is the energy of biomass from plant production waste.
Every year Ukrainian agriculture produces approximately
large quantity of biomass, and if it is not used, it is
thrown on the scrap yard. But in harvest time it may be
compressed into pellets which can be used whole year.
For instance, there are many heat power plants using
coal, and it will be easy to change it into biomass pellets.
For the last 2 years a growth of the new SMEs companies
which work in the field of alternative energy and energysaving
technology has been observed. For example, such
companies as LLC "GREEN ENERGY", which is one of
the leaders on the market of alternative energy of Ukraine.
The company provides services of implementation
of complex decisions in alternative energy and energysaving
technologies on social and industrial objects in
following directions: 1) Hybrid systems on electricity
production (solar collectors, solar batteries and wind power
generators), 2) Solar collectors for water heating and
3) Heat pumps.
Alternative power generation in Ukraine attracts inves-
the government for supporting this sector. On the one
hand, these are tax benefits for the companies which are
involved in projects for renewable energy (according to
new Tax Code, incomes from sale of electrical energy
gREEN ENERgY MARKET
Ukraine has potential for development of fourth basic
directions of green energy. From the global point of
view, the biggest investments are directed towards solar
energy today in the world. In this field several companies
have already achieved considerable results. In particular
«Activ Solar», which has build a solar plant in Crimea.
This company establishes high standards for other solar
industry projects in Ukraine.
Ukraine has great possibilities for organization of solar
batteries, as in the soviet times their basic manufactures
were located here: pure metal plant in Svetlovodsk and
titanic-magnesium factory in Zaporozhye, which worked
for "space" needs. Today interests of the photovoltaic industry
include solving social issues - energy supply of
buildings, security systems, alternative and uninterruptible
power supply of the objects which are located at
great distance from power lines. At Kiev plant "Kvazar"
industrial production of solar batteries has been established
with total volume of 2 MW annually, and 120 MW
of photovoltaic multisilicic plates were produced in 2005
(today the production base allows to achieve level of 500
MW per annum).
During 2010, a number of companies which produce
electricity from renewable sources had increased more
than 1,5 times - from 20 to 36, and quantity of correspondent
power stations - from 53 to 70, as National Commission
on Regulation of Electric-Power Industry informs. In
particular, last year first in Ukraine solar plant has received
"green" tariff. Its determined power amounts 35 kW,
and the company "Vinnitsa-energoservice" operates this
object.
Year 2011 was marked by a transition from quantity to
quality. For first six months the number of market members
increased only by 28% - to 46 companies. But in win-
from renewable sources are exempted from income tax
to 2010 inclusively).
Figure 12: Energy potential in million MWh (source: unece.org)
of electrical and heat supply of the country only by means
of sun energy, wind, biomass waste, heat of the soil
and water power resources, as well as taking measures
for energy saving and energy efficiency.
ter Austrian company Activ Solar has finished construction
the solar power plan with power capacity of 7,5 MW
and started generation. This object is situated in Crimea,
near Simferopol. At the moment of its start this plant
consisting from 33,8 thousand panels was the biggest on
the territory of CIS.
Solar park "Okhotnikovo" with determined project power
of 80 MW which the Austrians are installing in Saky
area of Crimea, will be one of the biggest in the world.
First phase of "Okhotnikovo" with 20 MW capacity was
connected to the energy grid in August 2011. The remaining
40 MW are planned to be finished at the beginning
of 2012.
Big projects also are installed in the field of wind energy.
In Donetsk region construction of he two phase
wind park "Novoazovskiy" has been finished in 2011.
The whole project provides installation of 43 generators
(107,5 MW). Equipment supplier for this project is German
company Fuhrlaender. Development of these projects
demonstrated that laws in stimulation of electrical
energy from renewable sources work in practice. In particular,
German company Managess Energy has already
announced construction of photovoltaic power plant
in Zhaporozhye region, and Greek company ENECO - of
wind parks in Crimea.
Another aspect of green energy that shows potential by
the level of investments is the small hydro power plants.
Historically, before atomic energy boom in 1970-80, Ukraine
had 1800 small hydro power plants. Nowadays,
companies install new equipment on these old plants,
or build complete new objects. From 74 projects with
green tariff, 61 are small hydro plants. Amongst the most
successful Ukrainian companies in this field - Novosvit,
having about 14 hydro power plants, Akvanova and Si-
Ukraine