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Biochemical and laboratory aspects of purine and ... - ERNDIM

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‘Lesch Nyhan Disease (LND)’:<br />

HPRT deficiency<br />

Urine/plasma: urate over-production (note<br />

importance <strong>of</strong> correct age-matched ranges!),<br />

raised hypoxanthine + xanthine.<br />

Red cells: nucleotide abnormalities = ‘ZTP’,<br />

high NAD & UDP-Glu; low GTP.<br />

In vitro assay (red cells/fibroblasts): ‘Easy’.<br />

Genotyping: Difficult: No common mutation,<br />

requires sequencing <strong>of</strong> the affected patient.<br />

‘Partial’ deficiency <strong>purine</strong> overproduction.<br />

In vitro assay: may mislead (needs intact assay)<br />

Underdiagnosed present late in renal failure<br />

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