VIRGIN FORESTS AND FOREST RESERVES IN ... - Natura 2000

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136 Forest Reserve Research in Switzerland Tree species Species Composition (Standing Volume) Unit of estimation: accessible forest, trees with a DBH of 12 cm or more excluding brushwood Species Jura Mittelland Pre-Alps Alps Ticino Switzerland Spruce 31 43 58 63 35 49 Silver fir 22 15 22 6 6 15 Pine 4 5 1 5 2 4 Larch 0 1 0 13 15 5 Cembran pine 0 2 0 1 Other conifers 0 1 0 0 0 0 Total conifers 57 65 81 89 58 74 Beech 30 20 13 7 13 16 Maple 4 2 2 1 0 2 Ash 3 5 2 1 2 2 Oak 3 5 1 0 3 2 Chestnut 0 14 1 Other broadleaves 3 3 1 2 10 3 Total broadleaves 43 35 19 11 42 26 Total in % 100 100 100 100 100 100 Total per 1000m 3 Growth % 63574 92785 88139 97481 23148 365128 Estimation #1: 8.1 Mio. m 3 /year 7.4 m 3 /Year/ha (‘Derbholz’) Estimation #2: 6.2 Mio. m 3 /year 5.4 m 3 /Year/ha Annual cuttings (1980 - 1985) Total per 1000m 3 Jura Mittelland Pre-Alps Alps Ticino Switzerland 925 1721 846 662 69 4223
COST Action E4: Forest Reserves Research Network 137 HISTORY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF NATURE RESERVES (PROTECTION AREAS) – 1906 Motion in the Swiss Forestry Association to create natural forest reserves. The first three reserves were created by the Association of Nature Protection: – 1910 primeval forest reserve Scatle / Brigels (Pro Natura) – 1914 National Park (Pro Natura) – 1933 Aletschwald (Pro Natura) Since 1940, creation of scientific strict forest reserves by Prof. Hans Leibundgut, former professor of silviculture: national and international promotion. – 1947 Moos / Birmensdorf – 1948 Swiss Working group for forest reserves (University Institutes) – 1949 Forestry World Congress Helsinki – 1987 39 scientific strict forest reserves with 1018 ha – 1993 New forest law CLASSIFICATION OF FOREST PROTECTION AREAS The inventory is now on its way to be completed by the Federal Forest Service (1998). The first overview shows the following figures: – 234 reserves with 13,529 ha (=0.3 % of country area or 1.1 % of forest area) • National Park 4,800 ha = 35 • Mean area 234 res = 30 ha • 13 reserves with area > 100 ha • 39 strict reserves FIT • 80 with interventions for conservation The new forest law foresees strict reserves as well as reserves with intervention; the contracts of protection must have a minimum duration of 50 years. DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH IN NATURAL FORESTS Method: Preliminary studies: soil, vegetation, stand composition and structure. Full inventory Sampling plots with / without coordinates Line transect Remote sensing Dendrochronology
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22 Table 2: Special reserves of for
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26 Forest Reserves Research Network
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VIRGIN FORESTS AND FOREST RESERVES IN ... - Natura 2000

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