Exercises

I I • :.4
Short forms (he's /I'd I don't etc.)
.4 Negative short forms (----) U nit 43):
isn't (= is not) don't (= do not) can't (=cannot)
aren't (- are not) doesn't (=does not) couldn't (= could not)
wasn't (= was not) didn't (=did not) won't (= will not)
weren't (= were not) wouldn't (= would not)
hasn't (= bas not) shouldn't ( = should not)
haven't (= have not) n1ustn't (= must not)
hadn't (= bad not)
o We went to her house, but she wasn 't at home.
o 'Where's David?' 'I don't know. I haven't seen him.'
0 You work aU the time. You shouldn't work so hard.
0 1 won't be here tomorrow. (= I will not)
- :> 's (apostrophe + s)
's can mean different things:
(1) 's = is or h as (----) section 4.2 of this appendix)
(2) let's = let us (----) Units 35, 53)
0 It's a lovely day. Let's go out. (= Ler us go out.)
(3) Kate's camera = her camera
my brother s car = his car
the manager's office = his/ her office etc.
(----) U nit 64)
Compare:
0 Kat e's camera was very expensive. (Kate's camera = her camera)
0 Kate's a very go od photographer. (Kate's = Kate is)
o Kate's got a new camera. (Kate's got = Kate has got)
247