Country Report: Sierra Leone - Oakland Institute

endnotes
1 See, for example: The Republic of Sierra Leone, State House,
“President Koroma hails ADDAX Group’s multi-million-dollar biofuel
Investment in Sierra Leone,” 11 February 2010, http://www.statehouse.
gov.sl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=142:preside
nt-koroma-hails-addax-groups-multi-million-dollar-biofuel-investmentin-sierra-leone-&catid=34:news-articles
(accessed 16 January 2011).
2 Sierra Leone Investment and Export Promotion Agency (SLIEPA),
“Leasing agricultural land in Sierra Leone: information for investors,” 15
March 2010, p 8.
3 Sierra Leone Investment and Export Promotion Agency (SLIEPA),
“Incentives,” http://www.sliepa.org/incentives (accessed 15 November
2010).
4 Ministry of Finance and Economic Development, “Government Budget
and Statement of Economic and Financial Policies for the Financial
Year, 2011,” 12 November 2010, http://www.mofed.gov.sl/index.
php?option=com_content&task=view&id=189&Itemid=135 (accessed
21 January 2011).
5 SLIEPA, 15 March 2010, op. cit. p 32; Patricia Sento Kafoe (presenter),
“Investment opportunities in Sierra Leone, African Business Forum,”
Business Information Officer, Sierra Leone Chamber of Commerce,
Industry and Agriculture, November 2010, p 26, http://www.abchamberofcommerce.org/Presentation.pptx
(accessed 21 January 2011).
6 Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Security (MAFFS), “Investment
policies and Incentives for private sector promotion in agriculture
in Sierra Leone,” January 2009.
7 Former Quifel consultant, direct communication, 9 November 2010;
Addax & Oryx website, “Addax Bioenergy, Questions & Answers,”
http://www.addax-oryx.com/AddaxBioenergy/Addax-Bioenergy-
Questions&Answers_11-2010.pdf (accessed 21 January 2011).
8 Women, who are vital contributors to food security, are not considered
landowners by the customary land laws that govern land tenure in most
of Sierra Leone. When land is leased out to investors, women do not
qualify for a percentage of the land rent.
9 Olivier De Schutter, “Large-scale land acquisitions and leases: a set of
core principles and measures to address the human rights challenge,”
11 June 2009, http://www.srfood.org/images/stories/pdf/otherdocuments/20090611_large-scale-land-acquisitions_en.pdf
(accessed 17
January 2011).
10 GRAIN, “Seized: the 2008 land grab for food and financial security,”
GRAIN Briefing, 2008. http://www.grain.org/briefings_files/landgrab-
2008-en.pdf (accessed 16 January 2011).
11 Klaus Deininger and Derek Byerlee, “Rising global interest in farmland:
can it yield sustainable and equitable benefits?” (Washington, DC: The
World Bank), 2011, p xiv, http://siterand esources.worldbank.org/DEC/
Resources/Rising-Global-Interest-in-Farmland.pdf (accessed 16 January
2011).
12 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations,
“From land grab to win-win: seizing the opportunities of international
investments in agriculture,” June 2009, ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/
fao/011/ak357e/ak357e00.pdf (accessed 16 January 2011).
13 Klaus Deininger and Derek Byerlee, 2011, op. cit. p xxvii.
14 Klaus Deininger and Derek Byerlee, 2011, op. cit. p xiv.
15 See, for example: Frederic Mousseau and Michael McGuirk, “Why
prioritize small farmers?” The Oakland Institute, November 2010;
Food First Institute for Food and Development Policy, “’Agroecology
outperforms large-scale industrial farming for global food security,’
says UN expert,” 24 June 2010, http://www.foodfirst.org/en/node/2989
(accessed 17 January 2011); Jinukun / Coalition for the Protection of
Africa’s Genetic Heritage (COPAGEN), “African agricultural policies
and the development of family farms,” 23 April 2010, available from
GRAIN at: http://www.grain.org/m/?id=246, (accessed 16 January
2011); “COPAGEN preliminary declaration on family agriculture and
land-grabbing in Africa,” 16 September 2009, http://farmlandgrab.
org/7803 (accessed 16 January 2011); Via Campesina / International
Peasant Movement, “Main Issues,” http://www.viacampesina.org/en/
index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=
5&Itemid=27 (accessed 16 January 2011); Utviklingsfondet / The
Development Fund, Norway, “A Viable Food Future,” 2010, http://www.
utviklingsfondet.no/filestore/Viable-Future-1.pdf (accessed 16 January
2011); Network of Farmers’ and Agricultural Producers’ Organisations
of West Africa (ROPPA), 2011, http://www.roppa.info/?lang=en, (accessed
16 January 2011); Global Report of the International Assessment
of Agricultural Knowledge, Science and Technology for Development
(IAASTD), “Agriculture at a Crossroads,” 21 April 2008, http://www.
agassessment.org/reports/IAASTD/EN/Agriculture%20at%20a%20
Crossroads_ Global%20Report%20%28English%29.pdf (accessed 16
January 2011); Miguel Altieri and Parviz Koohafkan, “Enduring farms,
climate change, smallholders and traditional farming communities,”
(Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network (TWN)), 2008.
16 Klaus Deininger and Derek Byerlee, 2011, op. cit.
17 James Melik, “Selling Sierra Leone to investors,” BBC News, 20
November 2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11774744 (accessed
1 December 2010).
18 Sierra Leone Investment and Export Promotion Agency, “Agribusiness,”
15 December 2009, http://www.sliepa.org/sites/default/files/
documents/Agriculture%20Sector%20Brief.pdf, (accessed 20 January
2011); Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Security of Sierra
Leone, direct communication, 14 October 2010.
19 OI could not locate recent land-use surveys to back up these figures.
Sierra Leone government officials admitted land-use surveys and maps
are completely outdated.
20 “Blood diamonds” or “conflict diamonds” are diamonds that originate
from areas controlled by forces or factions opposed to legitimate
and internationally recognized governments, and are used to fund
military action in opposition to those governments (Security Council
Affairs Division, the United Nations).
21 See, for example: Lansana Gberie, A dirty war in West Africa – the RUF
and the destruction of Sierra Leone (Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana
University Press), 2005; John L. Hirsh, Sierra Leone: diamonds and the
struggle for democracy (Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers),
2001.
22 United Nations Development Program (UNDP), “International Human
Development Indicators, Sierra Leone,” http://hdr.undp.org/en/
statistics/ (accessed 16 January 201).
23 CIA World Factbook, https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/theworld-factbook/geos/sl.html
(accessed 16 Jan 2011).
24 Ibid.
25 Ibid.
26 Ibid.
27 See, for example: Lansana Gberie, A dirty war in West Africa – the RUF
and the destruction of Sierra Leone (Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana
University Press), 2005; John L. Hirsh, Sierra Leone: diamonds and the
struggle for democracy (Boulder, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers),
2001.
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