THE MAGAZINE OF THE FLORIDA HUMANITIES COUNCIL

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Several families gather at a camp meeting in Fort Meade in the late 1800s. Many of them had sizable herds of cattle—their money crop. 1 W I N T E R 2 0 0 6 / F O R U M F L O R I D A H U M A N I T I E S C O U N C I L Ridiculed, maligned, misunderstood, yet Cracker settlers kept on going By JameS m. Denham
One week after Robert E. Lee’s surrender at Appomattox, Col. John Wilder of the Union occupation forces visited Cedar Key, Florida. Located near the mouth of the Suwannee River, Cedar Key was an important rendezvous point for refugees, Federal troops, Confederate deserters, and unionist sympathizers. On April 20, 1865, Wilder wrote his mother that when he arrived, there were about 2,000 white refugees, a “great curiosity; crackers most of them—that is poor whites, not more intelligent or virtuous than the negroes.” They were “pale, cadaverous, ignorant, and many of them fierce.” Some of the group had joined the Federal army. “Most of them,” he wrote, “have been persecuted by the Rebels and are very implacable. They are splendid rifle shots and go about all over the state. They talk of killing this man or that, when they go out as a matter of course—not in fight, but in murdering him.” Florida State Archives F L O R I D A H U M A N I T I E S C O U N C I L F O R U M / W I N T E R 2 0 0 6 1
Page 1 and 2: THE MAGAZINE OF THE FLORIDA HUMANIT
Page 3 and 4: table of contents W I N T E R / 2 0
Page 5 and 6: folkvine Two animated red-andyellow
Page 7 and 8: ers seldom had the money to buy thi
Page 9 and 10: cowmen America’s first rode the F
Page 11 and 12: The cattle raised during the 19th c
Page 13 and 14: lived to stand trial for murder. Ca
Page 15 and 16: A bond still exists between those e
Page 17 and 18: Florida State Archives along the co
Page 19: When fiction becomes fact, a black
Page 23 and 24: Florida State Archives Florida Stat
Page 25 and 26: Cattleman Tom Johnson is shown hold
Page 27 and 28: Photo by Peter B. Gallagher What is
Page 29 and 30: whip as the Townsends, the McDaniel
Page 31 and 32: TO SURVIVE IN THE FLORIDA WILD, Cra
Page 33 and 34: try, spoken from the heart so anybo
Page 35 and 36: ste. Claire: Jesse, you know you’
Page 37 and 38: Every day before dawn, they saddle
Page 40 and 41: I KNOW A LOT ABOUT FLORIDA CRACKERS
Page 42: DURING THOSE DAYS IN THE 1920S AND
Page 45 and 46: “moonshine—went to sleep and di
Page 47 and 48: T H E F L O R I D A C E N T E R f o

THE MAGAZINE OF THE FLORIDA HUMANITIES COUNCIL

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