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Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Phase 10: Implement software components and test environment input: specification Phase 9 of merged components of different notations software component behavior from Phase 8 sequence diagrams output: implemented software components programming language test software for software components programming language or test language validation: run tests test results Constants in C++: #define X 2 or const int X = 2; in Java: final static int X = 2; 5/89 7/89 Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Notations and concepts Java Implementation of modules Module tests ClassesinJava always one file for one class, no header files name of constructor = name of class = name of file There is no destructor, the garbage collection frees memory of unused objects (e.g. for objects set to null). The entry point of an application is public static void main (String[] args) in one class (file). 6/89 8/89
Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Objects in Java All objects that are not simple data types such as boolean, char, byte, short, int, long, float, double have to be created explicitly. For some simple data types predefined classes exist (e.g. Integer for int). These classes provide methods like, e.g., toString. Create an object m of the class Integer: Integer m = new Integer(); Or: Integer m; m = new Integer(); Attributes and methods declared as static belong to the class and are the same for all objects. su<strong>per</strong> can be used to access functionality of the the su<strong>per</strong>class. this can be used to reference the object itself. Abstract Classes Methods that are not yet implemented can be defined as abstract. A class with at least one abstract method is an abstract class. Abstract classes are useful for inheritance. Java supports no multiple inheritance. An abstract class has to be extended by another class where the method has to be implemented (keyword: extends). It is not possible to create objects of an abstract class. 9/89 11 / 89 Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Overview Phase 10 Introduction Notations Java Implementation of modules Module Tests Procedure Example - TLC Example - SBC Phase 11 Phase 12 Summary Classes: Example public class MainInit { private Integer i; // Attributes private String s; } public MainInit() { // Constructor s = new String(); i = new Integer(7); } public static void main(String [] args) { MainInit m = new MainInit(); } Abstract Classes: Example animal abstract makesound() dog cat makesound() makesound() 10 / 89 public abstract class Animal { public Animal(){} public abstract void makeSound(); } public class Cat extends Animal { public Cat(){} public void makeSound() {System.out.println("miaow");} } public class Dog extends Animal { public Dog(){} public void makeSound() {System.out.println("woof-woof");} } public class Main{ public static void main(String[] args) { Animal a1 = new Dog(); Animal a2 = new Cat(); a1.makeSound(); a2.makeSound(); } } 12 / 89
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