REDD-plus and Biodiversity - Convention on Biological Diversity

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<strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Biodiversity</strong> programme of work, <strong>and</strong> provide benefits for forest biodiversity, <strong>and</strong>, where possible, to indigenous <strong>and</strong> local communities, <strong>and</strong> involve biodiversity experts including holders of traditional forestrelated knowledge, <strong>and</strong> respect the rights of indigenous <strong>and</strong> local communities in accordance with national laws <strong>and</strong> applicable international obligations (para. 2 (c)). 40. The Conference of the Parties to the CBD requested the Executive Secretary, in Decision IX/5, to “support Parties’ efforts to address reducing emissions from deforestation <strong>and</strong> forest degradation in developing countries, in collaboration with CPF members, in particular with the World Bank <strong>and</strong> the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change (UNFCCC).” In the same decision, the Conference of the Parties further requested the Executive Secretary to carry out thematic <strong>and</strong>/or regional workshops to support Parties’ efforts in implementing the programme of work on forest biodiversity, based on the findings of the in-depth review of the programme of work (UNEP/CBD/SBSTTA/13/3) in close collaboration with members of the CPF. 3 41. Furthermore, in decision IX/16, COP “Invites the United Nations Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change to take full account of opportunities for its work to provide benefits for biodiversity, including through collaboration among the subsidiary bodies of the three Rio conventions <strong>and</strong> the application of the ecosystem approach <strong>and</strong> sustainable forest management” (para. 11 (b)). 42. On the basis of decision IX/16, the CBD Ad Hoc Expert Group (AHTEG) on biodiversity <strong>and</strong> climate change developed basic recommendations to support Parties in their efforts to implement <strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong> in a way that is supportive of CBD provisions. The AHTEG guidance (SCBD, 2009) is reflected in the following chapters <strong>and</strong> the full set of recommendations relevant to <strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong> is provided in annex II. 43. Key aspects of the AHTEG recommendations are reflected in CBD COP 10 decisions. In decision X/33, CBD COP 10 invited Parties, other Governments, <strong>and</strong> relevant organizations <strong>and</strong> processes to enhance the benefits for, <strong>and</strong> avoid negative impacts on, biodiversity from reducing emissions from deforestation <strong>and</strong> forest degradation <strong>and</strong> the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests <strong>and</strong> enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries, <strong>and</strong> other sustainable l<strong>and</strong> management <strong>and</strong> biodiversity conservation <strong>and</strong> sustainable use activities, taking into account the need to ensure the full <strong>and</strong> effective participation of indigenous <strong>and</strong> local communities in relevant policy-making <strong>and</strong> implementation processes, where appropriate; <strong>and</strong> to consider l<strong>and</strong> ownership <strong>and</strong> l<strong>and</strong> tenure, in accordance with national legislation (para. 8 (q)). 44. In the same decision, CBD COP 10 requested the Executive Secretary to provide advice, for approval by the Conference of the Parties at its eleventh meeting, including on the application of relevant safeguards for biodiversity, without pre-empting any future decisions taken under the United Nations Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change, based on effective consultation with Parties <strong>and</strong> their views, <strong>and</strong> with the participation of indigenous <strong>and</strong> local communities, so that actions are consistent with the objectives of the <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity <strong>and</strong> avoid negative impacts on <strong>and</strong> enhance benefits for biodiversity (para. 9 (g)). 45. Furthermore, CBD COP 10 requested the Executive Secretary to identify possible indicators to assess the contribution of reducing emissions from deforestation <strong>and</strong> forest degradation <strong>and</strong> the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests <strong>and</strong> enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries to achieving the objectives of the <strong>Convention</strong> 3 Relevant joint activities of the CPF include an initiative to improve the definition <strong>and</strong> monitoring of forest degradation, led by FAO. The initiative is expected to report results in time for UNFCCC COP 17. For more information, see http://www.fao.org/forestry/cpf/forestdegradation/en/. 20
<strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Biodiversity</strong> on Biological Diversity, <strong>and</strong> assess potential mechanisms to monitor impacts on biodiversity from these <strong>and</strong> other ecosystem-based approaches for climate change mitigation measures, without pre-empting any future decisions taken under the United Nations Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change, <strong>and</strong> to report on progress to the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical <strong>and</strong> Technological Advice at a meeting prior to the eleventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties (para. 9 (h)). Strategic Plan for <strong>Biodiversity</strong> 2011-2020 The Conference of the Parties to CBD, at its tenth meeting, adopted a new Strategic Plan for the <strong>Convention</strong> for the period 2011 to 2020 (Decision X/2). Several targets of the Strategic Plan are directly linked to <strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong>, in the sense that the success or failure of <strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong> could determine the feasibility of achieving these targets. In turn, implementation of the CBD could support the success of <strong>REDD</strong>-<strong>plus</strong>. It seems advisable, therefore, to align forest-related targets of both <strong>Convention</strong>s, <strong>and</strong> to collaborate closely to achieve synergies. The 2020 targets of the draft Strategic Plan directly related to forest biodiversity are: Strategic goal B. Reduce the direct pressures on biodiversity <strong>and</strong> promote sustainable use Target 5: By 2020, the rate of loss of all natural habitats, including forests, is at least halved <strong>and</strong> where feasible brought close to zero, <strong>and</strong> degradation <strong>and</strong> fragmentation is significantly reduced. Target 7: By 2020 areas under agriculture, aquaculture <strong>and</strong> forestry are managed sustainably, ensuring conservation of biodiversity. Target 11: By 2020, at least 17 per cent of terrestrial <strong>and</strong> inl<strong>and</strong> water areas, <strong>and</strong> 10 per cent of coastal <strong>and</strong> marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity <strong>and</strong> ecosystem services, are conserved through effectively <strong>and</strong> equitably managed, ecologically representative <strong>and</strong> well connected systems of protected areas <strong>and</strong> other effective area-based conservation measures, <strong>and</strong> integrated into the wider l<strong>and</strong>scape <strong>and</strong> seascapes. Target 15: By 2020, ecosystem resilience <strong>and</strong> the contribution of biodiversity to carbon stocks has been enhanced, through conservation <strong>and</strong> restoration, including restoration of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation <strong>and</strong> adaptation <strong>and</strong> to combating desertification. The time period for the Strategic Plan coincides with the United Nations Decade on <strong>Biodiversity</strong>. The full text of the Strategic Plan (Decision X/2) is available at: http://www.cbd.int/decision/ cop/?id=12268 21
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REDD-plus and Biodiversity - Convention on Biological Diversity

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