pakistan geographical review 1954 - University of the Punjab

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PAKISTAN Annual Rainfall m Over 100 inches 7S /nc/ie s 10/00 Inches ITlIIJ [[IJ] 50 " 75 UTI] ,. 30 SO (( [DJ /0 " 30 It CJJ 5 (, /0 It Below S inches 0.. \.:"'••••..•-.""T"."':""".:- I., -,...,: : '. . \, . r." i. j . •.•••••• '"-4 • t : i' i..." . f'~ • ",,'-;'. . i ('..,.., \ ,.J r"-""" ._ •.........--" •." -'fo . ..' ('_0':> io) .--.. /. .~'-' "-\ , I I I I I I I I , I I : ' I I. I' 1;/;'-- ,r 'J ..J." V ,( I'. , Ii , . , , t... I I ' I I' '-.( , ')' , ' 'i' I I , " : I I I .~,O l:> (If ,uu d ni'\ .~ \ • \') i "'').J ''':' ./"- ..... 30 '-./ ' .....•.. I
There is a great difference in West and East Pakistan not only in the annual amounts but also in the periodicity of rainfall. Over the plain of West Pakistan and parts of the neighbouring highlands most of the rainfall takes place in late summer and has a secondary winter or spring maximum, the latter being very useful for the unirrigated Rabi crops like Wheat. In many parts of the montain region, both in the north and west, the winter and spring rains become more important than the summer rains as in Chitral-Swat (Drosh), Baltistan, Gilgit, Quetta-Sarwan. Drosh (Chitral) has more rains in spring than in winter while it is just the reverse at Quetta. In East Pakistan the rainy season is longer. While like West Pakistan most of the rainfall takes place in late summer during the prevalence of the summer Monsoons, here the pre-Monsoon or early summer months are also quite rainy. Also the rainy season is prolonged uptil October and even November. Unlike West Pakistan December and January are generally the driest months. Thus taking the two wings together, the rainfall takes place in one part or the other all the year round. It takes place in East Pakistan in such amounts that make the cultivation of wettest crops possible. In West Pakistan, where it is deficient, nature has partly compensated for it by providing big perennial streams in the fertile plains. These streams are very nicely spaced where the plain is broadest. Even minor plains are not without streams. Winter rains in the hills and table-lands of West Pakistan introduce an element of Mediterranean climate. In East Pakistan the erlect of high rainfall is further intensified by the inflow of enormous amounts of water which forms the run-off from the neighbouring area. It is further strengthened ,by the low variability, from 15 to 30%. As compared with it the variability of rainfall in West Pakistan is 40 to 80%. Humidity. The climate of the whole of East Pakistan may be called humid. Humidity is high practically throughout the year. No month has a humidity less than 70% in any part of East Pakistan, while during the rainy season it is generally over 80%. In West Pakistrn the low rainfall, practically cloudless skies and high temperatures considerably reduce the humidity of the country. Only in the 8
Page 1 and 2: PAKISTAN GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW 1954 V
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTS page 1. Regional Balance i
Page 5 and 6: Vicinal Relations. The geographical
Page 7 and 8: studies of a comprehensive nature a
Page 9: Rainfall. In West Pakistan there is
Page 13 and 14: the fuel wood IS available in very
Page 15 and 16: It will be seen that the distributi
Page 17 and 18: 14 Minerals. A great variety of min
Page 19 and 20: LAND USE SURVEY OF WARAH AND KOT MA
Page 21 and 22: actually the limitations of resourc
Page 23 and 24: --,~ CL,\SSIFIC,\TIO. •Of' LAND .
Page 25 and 26: The foflowing table gives the month
Page 27 and 28: small patches. The small area under
Page 29 and 30: WARAH & MAt-K;AL _ ' IN MAPNQ J \ I
Page 31 and 32: THE ECONOMICS OF POWER CULTI- VATIO
Page 33 and 34: 4. Weed control is better. Persiste
Page 35 and 36: ullock cultivation and costs are no
Page 37 and 38: 150,000 tons of coal per year mined
Page 39 and 40: embarked on a policy of state capit
Page 41 and 42: Texthel Textiles may be called the
Page 43 and 44: On the whole factories are few in t
Page 45 and 46: In tobacco products and cigarette m
Page 47 and 48: steel products like' locks and othe
Page 49 and 50: SUKKUR AND ITS ENVIRONS-A GEOGRAPHI
Page 51 and 52: dry. RailfaH at Sukkur is less than
Page 53 and 54: of Parsi merchants and the houses o
Page 55 and 56: influx of Muslims from India who ha
Page 57 and 58: year 1918, a cotton press was also
Page 59 and 60: 6. Ice Making ... 4 Oil 12 lee 12 t
Page 61 and 62:
Because of this, it is necessary to
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