the rotifera

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Multum egerunt, qui ante nos fuerunt, sed non peregenint. Multum adhuc restat operis, multumque restabit; nec ulli, nato post mille secula, praecludetur occasio aliquid adhuc adjiciendi.—SENECA, Ejoist, lxiv. Cseteram nullius in verba jurans, aliorum inventa consarcinare haud institui; quae ipse qusesivi, reperi, debitaque attentione et patientia repetitis vicibus, diversoque tempore annorum serie observavi, propono.—0. F. MULLER, Verm. Terrest. et Fluv. prsef. http://rcin.org.pl
CHAPTER II. THE HISTORY OF THE LITERATURE CONCERNING THE ROTIFERA. IT is nearly 200 years since Mr. JOHN HARRIS, F.R.S., Rector of Winchelsea, published in the " Philosophical Transactions" 1 the following " Microscopical Observations" on a drop of some rain water which " had stood in a gallipot in his window" for about two months: " I saw here an animal like a large maggot, which could contract itself up into a spherical figure, and then stretch itself out again; the end of its tail appeared with a forceps like that of an earwig; I could plainly see it open and shut its mouth, from whence air-bubbles would be frequently discharged. Of them I could number about four or five, and they seemed to be busy with their mouths as if in feeding." This description is but vague; and yet it is very probable that the animal which the rector found in his gallipot was a Rotifer: and if so, this is the earliest notice that we have of the class. A few years later, in 1708, LEUWENHOEKpublished, in the same "Transactions," 2 an account of some animalcules, living in sheaths, that he had found at Delft, on green weed brought by the flooding of the Maes from Delft Haven. These little creatures were almost certainly Limnias ceratophylli. Leuwenlioek gives figures of one, and notices its bearing " two wheels thick set with teeth as the wheel of a watch." In a later paper 3 in the " Philosophical Transactions " he gives a much better account of Limnias, with greatly improved figures. He states that when the two wheels are viewed frontally they are seen to be continuous and to form but one; and he adds a figure (PI. B, 4) of the corona so seen, and notices that the ciliary waves run right round the whole wreath in the same direction. Leuwenlioek next describes an animal " that has a receptacle or little house composed of round bubbles," and furnished with " surprising wheelwork " of four parts, three of which only were shown in his figure, " the fourth being almost hid from sight." One glance at the figure of the animal (PI. B, 1), and at its corona (PI. B, 2), shows us that he has had Melicerta ringens under his microscope. His next paper 4 on the same Rotiferon is pleasant reading ; for it vividly recalls the shock of delighted surprise with which every naturalist first enters into the enchanted world beneath the waters. " I took notice," he says, " of the surprising figure of an animalculum, fixed in a little scabbard or sheath, fastened to some of the small green weeds found in ditches of water. And, as often as I viewed these animalcula and showed them to others, we could not satisfy ourselves with looking on such surprising objects; and the more because we could not conceive how so strange a motion, as they all had, could be performed; as also what should be the use of such a motion." Leuwenlioek also relates how Melicerta makes its tube pellet by pellet; and this is his account of it. "I viewed one of these animalcula a good while together; and observed, several times, one after another, that when the animalculum thrusts its body out of the sheath or case, and that the 1 Phil. Trans, vol. xix. 1696. 3 Phil. Trans. No. 295, 1705. 2 Phil. Trans. No. 283, 1703. 4 Phil. Trans. No. 337, vol. xxviii. 1713. http://rcin.org.pl
Page 1 and 2: http://rcin.org.pl
Page 7 and 8: THE ROTIFERA; OR WHEEL-ANIMALCULES.
Page 9 and 10: THE EiOTIPEEA. YOILUME I. http://rc
Page 11 and 12: THE BOTIFEBA; OR WHEEL-ANIMALCULES,
Page 13 and 14: PREFACE. NEARLY fifty years have pa
Page 15 and 16: CONTENTS OF T H E F I K S T VOLUME.
Page 17 and 18: THE ROTIFEBA. CHAPTER I. B http://r
Page 19 and 20: CHAPTER I. INTIiODUCTION. ON tlie S
Page 21 and 22: animal, very suitable for the purpo
Page 23 and 24: the mastax ; and there is a posteri
Page 25 and 26: more effective tlian this hydrostat
Page 27 and 28: coitus, but Mr. Gosse had this good
Page 29: CHAPTER II. THE HISTORY OF THE LITE
Page 33 and 34: (i) how the Rotiferon, when drawn u
Page 35 and 36: Tlia book, published in 1718, consi
Page 37 and 38: His criticisms are shrewd and often
Page 39 and 40: CHAPTER III. ON THE CLASSIFICATION
Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER III. ON THE CLASSIFICATION
Page 43 and 44: (b) The second form is a simple seg
Page 45 and 46: 4. Incudate (fig. 32). Mallei evane
Page 47 and 48: Fam. 7. Synchatada (PI. C. fig. G).
Page 49 and 50: CHAPTER IV. ON THE HAUNTS AND HABIT
Page 51 and 52: CHAPTER IV. ON THE HAUNTS AND HABIT
Page 53 and 54: tremula, are very different. The fo
Page 55 and 56: If the Rotifer hunter can rise to a
Page 57 and 58: CHAPTER V. FLOSCULARIAM. http://rci
Page 59 and 60: CHAPTER V. Order I. RHIZOTA. Fixed
Page 61 and 62: im of the corona. Owing to their gr
Page 63 and 64: on the dorsal surface. A partial se
Page 65 and 66: the young reared from its eggs, tho
Page 67 and 68: sented to him so that its upper and
Page 69 and 70: counted 1 in one tube. Tliis beauti
Page 71 and 72: The peculiarity of a second fringe
Page 73 and 74: that it looks like that of an QZcis
Page 75 and 76: duct wliicli divides into two later
Page 77 and 78: setae are far longer than they appe
Page 79 and 80: No male has as yet been recorded, b
Page 81 and 82:
CHAPTER VI. MELICERTAM. a http://rc
Page 83 and 84:
CHAPTER VI. Family II. MELICERTADiE
Page 85 and 86:
are two moderate-sized gastric glan
Page 87 and 88:
grows in size from tlie addition of
Page 89 and 90:
Tubicolaria Naias . . . . Pritchard
Page 91 and 92:
(fig. le); and below it, at right-a
Page 93 and 94:
Mr. .Tatem [loc. cit.) described an
Page 95 and 96:
The gradual changes of form in the
Page 97 and 98:
[This very striking species I found
Page 99 and 100:
(E. BRACHIATUS, Hudson, Sp. 110V. (
Page 101 and 102:
forms a rectangular bundle that is
Page 103 and 104:
M. ALBOFLAVICANS., Ehrcnbcrg. (PI.
Page 105 and 106:
Genus CONOCHILUS, Ehrenberg. GEN. C
Page 107 and 108:
surface, down to the cloaca. The vi
Page 109 and 110:
CHAPTER VII. BDELLOIDA. http://rcin
Page 111 and 112:
CHAPTER VII. Order II. BDELLOIBA. S
Page 113 and 114:
All tlie Eotifera seem to possess t
Page 115 and 116:
is difficult to suggest how this is
Page 117 and 118:
ventricose, and marked more distinc
Page 119 and 120:
Genus ROTIFER, Schrank. GEN. CH. Ey
Page 121 and 122:
R. TARDUS, Ehrenberg. (PL X. fig. 1
Page 123 and 124:
This species I have met with on sev
Page 125 and 126:
Genus CALLIDINA, Ehrenberg. GEN. CH
Page 127 and 128:
a yellowish-green cellular mass, a
Page 129 and 130:
vesicle was also plainly visible :
Page 131 and 132:
CHAPTEK VIII. PLOIMA (IL-LORICATA).
Page 133 and 134:
CHAPTER VIII. Order III. PLOIMA. Sw
Page 135 and 136:
ventral surface. Dr. Grenadier says
Page 137 and 138:
inwards at the ventral surface, to
Page 139 and 140:
A. PRIODONTA, Gosse. (Pl. XII. fig.
Page 141 and 142:
Genus SYNCHCETA. GEN. CH. Form usua
Page 143 and 144:
lobes are brought forward, and then
Page 145 and 146:
THE ROTIFERA. VOLUME II. http://rci
Page 147 and 148:
THE ROTIFERA; OR WHEEL-ANIMALCULES
Page 149 and 150:
CONTENTS OF T H E S E C O N D V O L
Page 151 and 152:
CHAPTER IX. PLOiMA IL-LORIC ATA—c
Page 153 and 154:
CHAPTER IX. Family VIII. TRIARTHRAD
Page 155 and 156:
expanding to a broad truncate margi
Page 157 and 158:
intervals, and unite with the broad
Page 159 and 160:
a tube, rich in Rotifera, sent me b
Page 161 and 162:
as an organ of touch. The inner cil
Page 163 and 164:
ventral side of the nervous ganglio
Page 165 and 166:
Genus ALBEltTIA, Dujardin. [GEN. CH
Page 167 and 168:
otatory organs to be wanting. Yet,
Page 169 and 170:
whom I have received many specimens
Page 171 and 172:
developed, and opaque with chalk de
Page 173 and 174:
N. PILARIUS, Gosse, sp. nov. (PL XV
Page 175 and 176:
sensibly at three-fourths from the
Page 177 and 178:
I first found this species in vario
Page 179 and 180:
senta and Euchlanis deflexa ; these
Page 181 and 182:
" tag." From eacli toe runs up a th
Page 183 and 184:
dark green, very slender, nearly st
Page 185 and 186:
ant me in placing it in this genua.
Page 187 and 188:
the viscera. 1 Its manners are live
Page 189 and 190:
thin and blade-like, straight but s
Page 191 and 192:
F. FORFICULA, Ehrenberg. (PI. XX. f
Page 193 and 194:
This species is much like the prece
Page 195 and 196:
a species of Euplotes, and a few of
Page 197 and 198:
certainly right in distinguishing t
Page 199 and 200:
(" 20 JUL 88 - i NOTOMMATAD^E. \+ 4
Page 201 and 202:
the slender fore parts were retract
Page 203 and 204:
I am not quite clear whether I ough
Page 205 and 206:
lip is retracted, close against eac
Page 207 and 208:
CHAPTER X. PLOIMA http://rcin.org.p
Page 209 and 210:
CHAPTER X. Sub-Order LORICATA. Inte
Page 211 and 212:
form. I did not discern any eye, bu
Page 213 and 214:
a single vortex. Behind the head is
Page 215 and 216:
R. TiGiiis, Milller. (PI. XX. fig.
Page 217 and 218:
The hinder body is ventricose, grea
Page 219 and 220:
This species has manifest affinity
Page 221 and 222:
three genera is also very different
Page 223 and 224:
Tliis Dinocharis was discovered by
Page 225 and 226:
follow the arch of the dorsal. I de
Page 227 and 228:
Mr. J. G. Tatem (" Quart. Journ. Mi
Page 229 and 230:
D. HOODII, Gosse, sp. nov. (Pl. XXI
Page 231 and 232:
D. TENUIOR, Gosse, sp. nov. (PI. XX
Page 233 and 234:
long side (the dorsal) unsewn, whos
Page 235 and 236:
much exceeded by the stout straight
Page 237 and 238:
Of the two noble species for which
Page 239 and 240:
To get a clear notion of tlie form
Page 241 and 242:
Euchlanis dilatata . . . Moxon, Tra
Page 243 and 244:
striate. An eye-spot wliicli appear
Page 245 and 246:
with two equidistant incisions, at
Page 247 and 248:
however, very thin and flexible, so
Page 249 and 250:
OATH YPN AD.ZE. 99 frontal disk, an
Page 251 and 252:
Family XVI. COLURID^E. [Body inclos
Page 253 and 254:
and what appears a single, slender,
Page 255 and 256:
Length. From hood to ends of lorica
Page 257 and 258:
This charming species, though in te
Page 259 and 260:
M. BRACTEA, Ehrenberg. Squamella br
Page 261 and 262:
associate. The species is another o
Page 263 and 264:
a distance of about one-third of th
Page 265 and 266:
PTERODINAD.E. 115 the Firth of Tay.
Page 267 and 268:
and thick muscular tube, very trans
Page 269 and 270:
where the species is named rubens.)
Page 271 and 272:
(Pl. XXX. fig. 9a). This is a littl
Page 273 and 274:
cilia produce vortices, but not whe
Page 275 and 276:
tlie lateral pair projects from the
Page 277 and 278:
have an eye which has every appeara
Page 279 and 280:
CHAPTER XI. SCIRTOPODA. http://rcin
Page 281 and 282:
CHAPTER XI. Order IV. SCIRTOPODA. S
Page 283 and 284:
chitinous lips, which may be seen c
Page 285 and 286:
APPENDIX. THE VASCULAR SYSTEM. %* T
Page 287 and 288:
ends, or are they closed ? Do they
Page 289 and 290:
less obvious connection with the ex
Page 291 and 292:
BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE ROTIFERA. 141 5
Page 293 and 294:
GENERAL INDEX. Vol. Page VoL e age
Page 295 and 296:
http://rcin.org.pl
Page 297 and 298:
http://rcin.org.pl
Page 299 and 300:
http://rcin.org.pl
Page 301:
T H E ;OTTFER'\ jKJ -W9* w ? - : .
show all

the rotifera

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?