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Geochemistry of Shale Gas Basins including NORMs and Trace ...

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Mineral Composition<br />

Bureau <strong>of</strong> Economic Geology<br />

• Mineral make up: quartz, clays (illite, smectite,<br />

kaolinite), carbonates (feldspar, pyrite, OM, etc)<br />

in variable quantity<br />

• Much finer, slower flow, increased water-rock<br />

interactions, increased surface area for sorption<br />

(a few percent organic carbon, smectites)<br />

• Local conditions (minerals present, P, T, pH, Eh)<br />

add local flavor to the formation water<br />

• Variable across plays <strong>and</strong> within plays<br />

• Geologic time<br />

10

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