Gender Influence on Access to Innovation Resources in Nigeria

International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 3 No. 1; January 2013
Table 3: ANOVA Result
Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig.
Access to Education Between Groups .536 1 .536 2.592 .108
Within Groups 75.768 366 .207
Total 76.304 367
Access to Finance Between Groups 1.646 1 1.646 18.139 .000
Within Groups 33.213 366 .091
Total 34.859 367
Access to Skilled Workforce Between Groups 3.713 1 3.713 45.958 .000
Access to Extension and
Support Services
Within Groups 29.567 366 .081
Total 33.280 367
Between Groups .191 1 .191 1.141 .286
Within Groups 61.276 366 .167
Total 61.467 367
Access to Partnership Between Groups .907 1 .907 6.552 .111
Source: Authors’ Fieldwork, 2012.
Within Groups 50.648 366 .138
Total 51.554 367
The result shows that gender difference with respect to access to finance is significant (Fcal = 18.139 › Ftab =
11.4 and sig = 0.000) and access to skilled workforce (Fcal = 45.958 › Ftab = 11.4 and sig = 0.000) but is not
significant for access to education (Fcal = 2.592 ‹ Ftab = 11.4 and sig = 0.108), access to extension and support
services (Fcal = 1.141 ‹ Ftab = 11.4 and sig = 0.286) and access to partnership (Fcal = 6.552 ‹ Ftab = 11.4 and sig
= 0.111). This indicates that there are no significant differences in access to education, extension and support
services and partnership between men and women-owned businesses but there are significant differences with
respect to access to finance and skilled workforce. Therefore, we reject the null hypothesis that women
entrepreneurs have equal access to all innovation resources as men entrepreneurs in Nigeria.
4.3 Impact of <strong>Gender</strong> and Access to Innovation Resources on Innovation Performance
In order to determine the impact of gender and access to innovation resources on innovation performance, a
regression analysis was carried out. The result of the regression analysis is depicted in the table below:
Table 4: Model Summary
Model R R Square Adjusted R Square
Std. Error of the
Estimate
1 .848 a .719 .714 .26659 1.706
Durbin-Watson
a. Predictors: (Constant), <strong>Gender</strong>, Access to Finance, Access to Partnership, Access to Extension
and Support Services, Access to Skilled Workforce, Access to Education
b. Dependent Variable: Innovation Performance
Source: Authors’ Fieldwork, 2012.
Table 5: ANOVA
224
Model Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 65.515 6 10.919 153.638 .000 a
Residual 25.656 361 .071
Total 91.171 367
a. Predictors: (Constant), <strong>Gender</strong>, Access to Finance, Access to Partnership, Access to Extension and
Support Services, Access to Skilled Workforce, Access to Education
b. Dependent Variable: Innovation Performance
Source: Authors’ Fieldwork, 2012.