Who Food Additives Series 59 Safety Evaluation Of ... - ipcs inchem

ACIDIFIED SODIUM CHLORITE 23
Table 7. Results of assays for genotoxicity with sodium chlorite and related
compounds
Test system Test object Concentration and
test substance
Results
Reference
In vitro
Reverse
mutation a
Reverse
mutation a
Reverse
mutation a
Reverse
mutation a
Chromosomal
aberration
Mutation
Mutation
Salmonella
typhimurium TA92,
TA94, TA98, TA100,
TA1535, TA1537
S. typhimurium
TA94, TA97, TA98,
TA100, TA102,
TA1537
S. typhimurium
TA98, TA100
S. typhimurium
TA97, TA98, TA100,
TA102, TA104,
TA1535
Chinese hamster
fibroblast cells
Chlamydomonas
reinhardtii
Rhodobacter
capsulatus
0.3 mg sodium
chlorite/plate (purity
88.8%)
0, 0.001, 0.005,
0.01, 0.05 and 0.1
mg sodium chlorite/
plate
Positive +S9
Negative
–S9
Negative
Ishidate et al.
(1984)
Fujita & Sasaki
(1987)
10, 20 and 30 mg
chlorine dioxide/l
added to fish
samples b Negative Kim et al.
(1999)
Sodium chlorate,
concentration not
specified
0.02 mg sodium
chlorite/ml
100 mmol
potassium chlorate/l
100 mmol
potassium chlorate/l
Mutation S. typhimurium 0, 5, 10, 50 and 100
mmol potassium
chlorate/l
In vivo
Micronucleus
formation
Micronucleus
formation
Micronucleus
formation
Micronucleus
formation
Mouse bone marrow 1 dose of 7.5, 15, 30
or 60 mg sodium
chlorite/kg bw
intraperitoneally
Mouse bone marrow 4 doses in 24 h, 15
mg sodium chlorite/
kg bw
intraperitoneally
Mouse bone marrow 1 dose of 37.5, 75,
150 or 300 mg
sodium chlorite/kg
bw by gavage
Mouse bone marrow
0.2, 0.5 and 1 mg of
sodium chlorite/day
for 5 days
Negative
±S9
Positive c
Positive
Positive
Negative
Positive d
Negative e
Negative d
Negative f
National
Toxicology
Program
(2005)
Ishidate et al.
(1984)
Prieto &
Fernandez
(1993)
Prieto &
Fernandez
(1993)
Prieto &
Fernandez
(1993)
Hayashi et al.
(1988)
Hayashi et al.
(1988)
Hayashi et al.
(1988)
Meier et al.
(1985)