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2005 Kyoto year E D I T O Russia was the only one who could finally break the deadlock, it did it, and homage has to be paid to this decision, even if the suspense did last for nearly three years. Russia has now ratified the Kyoto Protocol on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and this text, the most restrictive ever adopted by the international community on this issue, is going to be able to enter into effect on February 16th, seven years after it was first signed. This is above all a victory for the European Union, which supported this protocol right from the start, and whose ever more determined commitment played a decisive role in winning Russia over. And, along side the member States that each have their proper national objectives, the European Union ratified the Protocol as such, committing it to cut greenhouse gas emissions by an average of 8% with respect to their 1990 level by the year 2012. The first world market for carbon dioxide emission permits between principal greenhouse gas emitting companies will begin functioning in the European Union at the start of 2005. We now have the right to expect development of renewable energies to shift into high gear, especially for those renewable sources that haven't taken off as yet, like biomass whose potential is considerable. At the moment when the “Intelligent Energy” programme budget is about to be significantly increased, it's the return of hope that had waned quite a lot as achieving the targets of “12% renewable energies” and “21% green electricity” by the year 2010 had become more and more problematic. ALAIN LIÉBARD, SERIES EDITOR * COVER: PHILIPPE COLOMBI/GETTYIMAGES RENEWABLE ENERGY JOURNAL N°14 2
4 16 18 23 32 37 42 Renewable Energy Journal N°14 REPORT Finland: The Finnish tree good from root to soot The Finnish model >8 Bioheat and electricity made in Central Finland >9 Central Finland, the world showroom for bioenergy >11 Peat or not to be >14 INTERVIEW Claude Turmes, member of the European Parliement “Biomass, Europe’s new opportunity” NEW MEMBER STATES Renewables for the newcomers OUTSTANDING ACTIONS Solar ordinances, Barcelona shows Spain the way >23 1904-2004: 100 years of geothermal electricity at Larderello >26 TECHNOLOGY UPDATE Limpet market attack >32 50 GW of marine electricity in 2010? >34 POLICY UPDATE Waiting for Lisbon >37 Monitoring directives >38 2004 ANNUAL OVERVIEW BAROMETER EurObserv’ER barometers: wind, photovoltaics, solar thermal, micro-hydraulic, geothermal, biogas, wood energy, biofuels DEC. 2004 Renewable Energy Journal is published by systèmes solaires 146, rue de l’Université 75007 Paris - France Tél.: + 33 1 44 18 00 80 Fax: + 33 1 44 18 00 36 Series Editor: Alain Liébard Editor-in-Chief: Yves-Bruno Civel Editing team: Patrick Piro, Maylis Gaillard, Laurence Augereau Designer: Linette Chambon, Grafibus Advertising Manager: Jérôme Chabaudie Administration: Simone Léger Printing: Imprimeries de Champagne Copyright registration: december 2004 ISSN 1276 - 7573 Illustrator: bigre! Picture credits: Patrick Piro, except: Finbio (p.8); European Commission (p. 16-17); Era Solar Energìa (p. 23, 24, 25); Emmanuelle Jeanson (p. 27-30); UNEP/Foto (p.33) * ON LINE Renewable Energy Journal is available on line www.energies-renouvelables.org and www.europa.eu.int/comm/ energy/en/pfs_altener_en.html Renewable Energy Journal is published with financial support of EC DG TREN - ALTENER. RENEWABLE ENERGY JOURNAL N°14 4
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