Pyrochemical Separations - OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

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[5] M. Benedict, T.H. Pigford and H.W. Levi, “Nuclear Chemical Engineering”, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1981. [6] E.J. Karell, K.V. Gourishankar, L.S. Chow and R.E. Everhart, “Electrometallurgical Treatment of Oxide Spent Fuels”, International Conference on Future Nuclear Systems, Global’99, Jackson Hole, Wyoming, 29 August-3 September 1999. [7] D.P. Abraham, Metal Waste Form Handbook, Argonne National Lab. Report ANL-NT-121, June 1999. [8] J.P. Ackerman, C. Pereira, S.M. McDeavitt and L.J. Simpson, “Waste Form Development and Characterization in Pyrometallurgical Treatment of Spent Fuel”, Proceedings, Third Topical Meeting on DOE Spent Nuclear Fuel and Fissile Materials Management, p. 699, American Nuclear Society, Charleston SC, 8-11 September 1998. 35
Page 1 and 2: Nuclear Science Pyrochemical Separa
Page 3 and 4: OECD PROCEEDINGS Proceedings of the
Page 5: FOREWORD In the future, nuclear fue
Page 8 and 9: J. Uhlir Pyrochemical Reprocessing
Page 10 and 11: Annex 1. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS......
Page 12 and 13: In the poster session, eight poster
Page 14: OPENING SESSION 11
Page 18 and 19: OPENING ADDRESS Philippe Savelli De
Page 20: SESSION I National and Internationa
Page 23 and 24: A sixth project might be funded by
Page 25 and 26: Selective extraction of minor actin
Page 27 and 28: Work programme The work programme i
Page 29 and 30: Introduction Commercial nuclear pow
Page 31 and 32: The ATW system is predicated on the
Page 33 and 34: In the electrorefiner, the transura
Page 35 and 36: these materials will be sent direct
Page 37: alternative were to be used instead
Page 41 and 42: Introduction Global awareness of pr
Page 43 and 44: Concerning on oxide fuel reprocessi
Page 45 and 46: Military plutonium conversion to MO
Page 47 and 48: The study on radiation conditions d
Page 49 and 50: Figure 3. Flowsheet of pyroelectroc
Page 51 and 52: Introduction Processing of nuclear
Page 53 and 54: drossing or slagging, and volatilis
Page 55 and 56: BNFL electrorefiner programme Progr
Page 57 and 58: If oxide fuels are to be treated by
Page 59 and 60: with international organisations in
Page 61 and 62: Figure 1. Uranium active rig hall B
Page 63 and 64: For the immediate future, the proje
Page 66 and 67: ROLE OF PYROCHEMISTRY IN ADVANCED N
Page 68 and 69: On the contrary, the metal refining
Page 70 and 71: REFERENCES [1] R.J.M. Konings, R. C
Page 72 and 73: Figure 1. Transition of U-fuelled L
Page 74: Table 1. Gibbs’ energies for fluo
Page 77 and 78: The present interest in the develop
Page 79 and 80: 9. The supporting fuel matrices hav
Page 81 and 82: REFERENCES [1] R.C. Robertson, ORNL
Page 83 and 84: Introduction Since 1985, the CRIEPI
Page 85 and 86: Injection casting of metallic fuels
Page 87 and 88: REFERENCES [1] T. Inoue and H. Tana
Page 90 and 91:
EVALUATION OF PYROCHEMICAL REPROCES
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cathode is confirmed at laboratory
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Reduction of environment impact In
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Improvement of recovery Pyrochemica
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Figure 1. Pyrochemical flowsheet fo
Page 100:
SESSION III Part A: Basic Data (The
Page 103 and 104:
Introduction Systematic investigati
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The experimental results of heat ca
Page 107 and 108:
A preliminary assessment of the ava
Page 109 and 110:
Figure 1. Heating thermogram of EuC
Page 111 and 112:
Figure 7. Partial pdfs, gαβ(r) Fi
Page 114 and 115:
ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PLUTO
Page 116 and 117:
Results and discussion Electrochemi
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The largest activity coefficient of
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in which K* 1 and K* 2 are calculat
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[16] A.S. Kertes, Actinides Rev., 1
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Figure 4. Cyclic voltammogram and i
Page 126 and 127:
APPLICATION OF ELECTROCHEMICAL TECH
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Ln 3 + + 3e − ↔ Ln (3) M+ + e
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99.9%). A three-electrode device wa
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The mean value of the coverage quan
Page 134 and 135:
[11] W. J. Wruck, R. M. Machado and
Page 136 and 137:
Figure 5. Chronopotentiogram for th
Page 138 and 139:
THERMODYNAMIC STABILITIES OF LANTHA
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Electromotive force determination f
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0 in Table 1. The observed close-to
Page 144 and 145:
REFERENCES [1] H. Moriyama, H. Yama
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Figure 1. Dependence of ∆G ex [M
Page 148:
SESSION III Part B: Results and Exp
Page 151 and 152:
Introduction In processing of spent
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which could result if the highly en
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The uranium content is about 4% by
Page 157 and 158:
Figure 2. Schematic of the Mark IV
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NITRIDE/PYROPROCESS FOR MA TRANSMUT
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In the case of UN, we later identif
Page 164 and 165:
REFERENCES [1] T. Mukaiyama, et al.
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Figure 3. Stability diagram of U-N-
Page 168 and 169:
PYROMETALLURGICAL REDUCTION OF UNIR
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The pyrochemical furnace has three
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In the case of experiments with a s
Page 174 and 175:
The experiments consume about 1-2 g
Page 176 and 177:
Table 3. Comparison of analytical r
Page 178:
Figure 5. Variation of Pu concentra
Page 181 and 182:
Introduction The interest in pyrome
Page 183 and 184:
Development of electrorefiner The e
Page 185 and 186:
[7] Y. Sakamura, T. Hijikata, T. In
Page 187 and 188:
Figure 4. Chlorination step Cl2 gas
Page 189 and 190:
Photo 3. The electrorefiner install
Page 191 and 192:
Introduction Pyrochemical reprocess
Page 193 and 194:
In some of the experiments, UO2 dis
Page 195 and 196:
Figure 1. Laboratory scale facility
Page 198:
SESSION III Part C: Process Simulat
Page 201 and 202:
Introduction Within the solution of
Page 203 and 204:
Basic requirements these components
Page 205 and 206:
The longest measured time of deform
Page 208 and 209:
KINETICS OF PYROCHEMICAL PROCESSING
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Mass transfer coefficient It is imp
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elatively large radius, will diffus
Page 214 and 215:
[11] S. Forcheri and V. Wagner, Z.
Page 216 and 217:
A RATIONAL APPROACH TO PYROCHEMICAL
Page 218 and 219:
This is a fundamental point to work
Page 220 and 221:
Thus the literature data generally
Page 222 and 223:
NaCl+KCl mixture Figure 6 demonstra
Page 224 and 225:
[13] L. Joubert, G. Picard, B. Silv
Page 226 and 227:
Figure 3. GPTD 2-D diagrams summari
Page 228:
Figure 7. Chemical actions of chlor
Page 232 and 233:
OPEN DISCUSSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Page 234:
POSTER SESSION 231
Page 237 and 238:
Introduction EXAFS and NMR are prom
Page 239 and 240:
At the 99 Tc NMR spectrum of Tc met
Page 241 and 242:
Scheme 1. Possible Tc species in py
Page 243 and 244:
Figure 3. Temperature dependence of
Page 246 and 247:
MOLTEN SALT BURNER FUEL BEHAVIOUR A
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Nuclear design and fuel cycles flex
Page 250 and 251:
could be achieved in the absence of
Page 252 and 253:
Preliminary thermodynamic considera
Page 254 and 255:
Summary Though the molten salt nucl
Page 256 and 257:
Table 1. Thermodynamic properties o
Page 258 and 259:
RECOVERY OF NOBLE METALS (RU, RH, P
Page 260 and 261:
Tellurium oxide extraction: Experim
Page 262 and 263:
Processing by hydrogen during the d
Page 264 and 265:
Figure 1. Free enthalpy of various
Page 266:
Figure 5. Data of kinetics of the
Page 269 and 270:
Introduction Japan Nuclear Cycle De
Page 271 and 272:
To discuss the influence of reactio
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Figure 1. Temperature dependency of
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Figure 7. Relation between oxide ra
Page 278 and 279:
PARTITIONING OF AMERICIUM METAL FRO
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The published relevant thermodynami
Page 282 and 283:
REFERENCES [1] J. Malvyn, Mckibben,
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Table 1. Reported americium valency
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Figure 2. Standard free energy of f
Page 288:
AMERICIUM EXTRACTION VIA IN SITU CH
Page 291 and 292:
Introduction The purification of pl
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At 800°C the dissociation of pure
Page 295 and 296:
Table 3. Distribution of americium
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Figure 3. XR Diffractogram of CaCl
Page 299 and 300:
Introduction The lanthanide element
Page 301 and 302:
The coefficients are described by t
Page 303 and 304:
Thus using the values of potential
Page 305 and 306:
Conclusion The electrochemical redu
Page 307 and 308:
Figure 3. The dependencies of peak
Page 310 and 311:
GENERALISED PERTURBATION THEORY AND
Page 312 and 313:
∑ dV dN i j ∫ =−Ni dV i k k
Page 314 and 315:
or the influence of other parameter
Page 316 and 317:
Appendix A THE PROBLEMS OF THE DEPE
Page 318:
5. Calculate via gradient method co
Page 321 and 322:
FRANCE Dr. Michel ALLIBERT INP Gren
Page 323 and 324:
Mr. David LAMBERTIN CE Valrhô (DCC
Page 325 and 326:
INDIA Mr. Krishnamruthy NAGARAJAN H
Page 327 and 328:
SPAIN Dr. Concepcion CARAVACA CIEMA
Page 329 and 330:
Dr. Lothar KOCH Head of Nuclear Che
Page 332 and 333:
Annex 3 STATE-OF-THE-ART REPORT ON
Page 334 and 335:
NEA Publications of General Interes
Page 336:
OECD PUBLICATIONS, 2, rue André-Pa
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Pyrochemical Separations - OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

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