The Far Eastern Group's Green Innovation In Biodegradable

The Far Eastern Group’s
Green Innovation in
Biodegradable & Bio-based
Materials
Johnny Hsu, Chun-Chia
Polymer Div.
Far Eastern Group R&D Center
Taiwan R.O.C.
E-mail:cchsu@fenc.com
2012.02.20~22 ITR 2012

Introduction to FENC
‣FENC: Far Eastern New Century Corp. (Taiwan)
2

Introduction to FEG R&D Center
‣Date of Establishment: 2001.01.01
‣Center Facility Construction Complete: 2002.12.23
‣Center Policy:
Highlights in Polyester,
Environmental Protection,
Energy Saving,
Carbon Emission Reduction
3

FEG R&D Center Organization
‣Polymer Div.
‣Polyester Fiber & Textile Div.
‣Optoelectronics Div.
Executive Director
(Dr. Wu)
‣BioTech Div.
‣Green Materials Div.
Administration Office
‣Shanghai R&D (China)
‣Product Engineering Div.
‣Strategic Planning Div.

Polymer
Division
Green & Recycled Polymers
Specialty polymers
(UV, thermal curable resins,
Polymer surfactants etc)
P.5

More Details…
http://www.feg.com.tw/en/index.aspx
http://www.fenc.com/index_en.aspx
http://www.fenc.com/en/research/index.aspx

Agenda
‣FENC Lactide Project
‣Part of FENC’s Green & Recycled Polymers
Enabling
Biodegradable Copolyester
& Application
Green
Technology
Novel PLA Material
Impact/Heat-Resistant
Fenoy TM
rPET-based Alloy

Part I
Lactide Project
8

P.9
Materials Additives & Blends Take
PLA Upscale
New Additives Enhance PLA
-BASF Corp.:Joncryl ADR rebuilds the Mw of PLA lost to hydrolytic degradation
during melting compounding.
-Arkema Inc.:Biostrength high-Mw acrylic additives for PLA to improve the
properties of impact strength and melt strength.
-Sukano Corp.:Some of its latest additive masterbatches for PLA to improve
the properties of antistatic, impact strength, slip/antiblock, nucleator
and heat-stable mold-release.
- Takemoto Oil & Fat Co:LAK series nucleator can advance the use of PLA in semi-
durable applications with high-temp. requirements.
Blends Tailor PLA Performance
-Arkema Inc.:transparent PMMA/PLA blends
-Sukano Corp.:Bioloy series (PLA compostable compounds)
-RTP Co.:high-impact PLA/ABS & PLA/PC Alloys、30% glass-filled/nucleated PLA

Materials Additives & Blends Take
PLA Upscale
“Synthesis of Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolyesters by a Melting Bulk Reaction
Between Poly(1,4-butylene terephthalate) and DL-Oligo(lactic acid) ”, High
Performance Polymers April 2008 20: 166-184
-The reaction between PBT and DL-Oligo(lactic acid) (OLA) takes place at 280℃ for
more than 0.5h 〔1H NMR reveals that transesterification between butylene
terethalate (BT) and lactide (LA) segments〕.
-The BLA copolymers are segmented copolyesters with random arrangement, and
show only one melting temperature (Tm) and crystallization temperature (Tc).
-The Tm, Tc and Td decrease due to fewer aromatic sequences with increased OLA
composition.
P.10
FENC’s Lactide Project:Assess whether Co(PBT-PLA) can
enhance the crystallization of PLA (small amount of PBT can
improve the cold crystallization of PET)

Lactide property from NatureWorks
INGEO Lactide L300-5-gallon steel drum (24kg)-8 Barrel
Lot No. L300-990506
DSC-Tm(℃) 94.0
Optical rotation -149 °
D-form(%) 2-6
Acid value
(meq/kg)
Note
8~10
Polymer grade;paste-like
P.11

Synthesis of copolymers of LA/BHBT
1.Lactide
Sn(Oct)2 100ppm
ROP 6hrs
180℃
OPLA (NMR.DSC.GPC:Mw12779)
AQ33 500ppm
2. DMT+BG BHBT (NMR.DSC.GPC)
Esterfication
3.5hrs-180℃
3.OPLA+BHBT
AQ33 750ppm
Polycondesation
6hrs-185℃
Co(PBT-PLA)
= 20-80
= 50-50
= 80-20
(DSC.POM.SEM.NMR.GPC.TGA)
P.12

H1-NMR of OPLA and BHBT
OPLA
BHBT
8.14
苯 環 (4H)
H 1L
9.940
7.251
7.251
H 2L CF 3 COOH
CDCl 3
H 2.5 H 1.4
CDCl 3
4.49
BG(4H)
1.95
BG(4H)
P.13

P.14
DSC analysis of co(PBT-PLA)

Temperature
P.15
250
225
200
175
150
PLA
125
100
75
50
25
Summaries of DSC analysis & POM
Theory Tg of copolymers
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
PBT%
PBT
Melt-state
PBT=20%
PBT=50%
PBT=80%

Co(PBT-PLA)=20-80
SEM of Co(PBT-PLA)
Co(PBT-PLA)=50-50
Co(PBT-PLA)=80-20
P.16

Summaries of Lactide Projects
Co(PBT-PLA) :
• The NMR, GPC, and DSC identification of Co(PBT-PLA) have
been finished.
PLA/Co(PBT-PLA) blend systems:
• Check the efficiency of nucleators of Co(PBT-PLA) on the
crystallization of PLA in future??
P.17

FENC’s Green Initiatives
Enabling
Biodegradable Copolyester
& Application
Green
Technology
Novel PLA Material
Impact/Heat-Resistant
Fenoy TM
rPET-based Alloy

Part I
FEPOL ®
19

Think about these images…
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So, about the FEPOL ® …
FEPOL ® is new biodegradable environmentalfriendly
materials.
It can be used as biodegradable plastics (also
known as the green plastic).
And it can break down the plastic material in
nature…
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About the FEPOL ® …
‣Traditional plastic waste can not break down
in nature, resulting in environmental impact.
→From shopping bags, packing containers to a variety of
home appliances, will be the use of plastic, plastic products
filled in our living environment.
→According to statistics, the annual production of plastic
products has been over two hundred million tones.
→ Because the chemical properties of these plastics are too
stable, not easily broken, resulting in very serious garbage
pollution.
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About the FEPOL ® …
‣In response to Eco/Sustainable trend, FEPOL ® can replace the food
uses of plastics that can not be recycled.
‣Reducing the ecological environment impact caused by traditional
plastics.
‣Do our best to maintain the Earth's natural environment.
The use of Food uses plastics
waste that can’t be recycled
and broken down results in the
ecological environmental
impact.
Use new ”polymer synthesis
technology”, FEPOL ® can be
decomposed into water and
carbon dioxide in a short time.
FEPOL ® can be decomposed in
nature and does not affect plant
growth, meet the trend of
ecological sustainable
development.
FEPOL ® can be applied to any
existing equipments for any
types of plastics processing
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FEPOL ®
Decomposed
Microorganism
FEPOL ®
On the basis of PET technology,
FE use new “polymer synthesis
technology” to design the new
biodegradable materials FEPOL ®
‣ high strength, high impact
resistance, and good elongation.
it can use for film process.
‣Can be applied to any existing
equipments for any types of
plastics processing
‣Have stable mechanical
properties in daily use.
Microorganism
Reduce the impact of the ecological
environment caused by conventional
plastics, save and protect our Earth.

Compostable test of FEPOL ® (73μm)

FEPOL ® Green Certification
2007---
Plastic Industry Development Center (Taiwan)_Biodegradable Material Test,
CNS 14432 & ISO 14855
- greaten than 70% decomposition in 45 days and over than 90% in 180 days.
2009---
OWS(Organic Waste Systems)Certification
- According to EN 13432 (2000), ASTM D6400-04 and ISO 17088 (2008)
SGS:CA. Prop. 65 Labeling Requirement & BPA、PFOA、PFOS Free
2010---
Meet the FDA Environmental Assessment
- Environment (Air, Water, Land and Plant) harmless after landfill
2010---
Obtain the BPI Certification Logo (US)(Compostable Green Materials; #052801)

FEPOL ® Application of Green Products
Replace the existing PE materials and processing equipment,
Ex: plastic bags, agricultural mulch film…etc.
-Packaging materials that can’t easily recycled.
-Example: City super shopping bag (Taiwan)
and so on.
Replaced by the PE laminated paper products,make the
paper coated products really totally biodegradable.
Use for modifying PLA:Improve the heat resistance and
impact resistance. It can be applied into some packaging
products such as coffee lids、trays、knifes and forks…

FEPOL ® :Mechanical Properties
Properties
Unit
Density(g/cm 3 ) g/cm 3 1.22
Melt temperature (mp.) ℃ 120
Melt Index 190℃/
2.16kg
3~30
Vicat temperature ℃ 92.2
Tensile strength (TD/MD) kg/cm 2 175 / 160
Tear strength (TD/MD) kg/cm 2 12 / 7
Flexural strength (TD/MD) kg/cm 2 64~70
Elongation at break(TD/MD) % 630 / 600

FEPOL ® :Summary
FEPOL ® can be 100% converted to CO 2 and H 2 O.
FEPOL ® is decomposable by microorganisms,
without leaving any residues or producing toxic
byproducts.
FEPOL ® has low fusion heat and produce non-toxic
gas in the incinerator.
FEPOL ® has similar mechanic properties with LDPE.
FEPOL ® manufactured film has excellent tensile
property and flexibility.

Contact:Johnny Hsu, Chun-Chia
E-mail:cchsu@fenc.com
30

Part II
Ecostrong ®
Impact / Heat-resistant Novel PLA Materials
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Eco-Friendly Materials-Ecostrong ®
FENC
Modifier / Smart Blending
Multi Function
Heat Resistance
Impact Strength
Processability
Durability
Novel PLA Materials
Ecostrong ®

Technical Goal

Impact strength of EcoStrong ® sheet

Compostability Testing on Ecostrong ®
Pilot-scale composting test (Thickness:0.51mm)
According to EN13432(2000), ASTM D6400-04 and ISO 17088 (2008)
Ecostrong ® showed a disintegration of 90.2% in a pilot-scale aerobic
composting test of 12 weeks

Contact:Johnny Hsu, Chun-Chia
E-mail:cchsu@fenc.com
36

Part III
Fenoy TM :rPET-Alloy
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About the rPET Alloy Fenoy TM
‣Countries around the world in recent years have
been committed to green environmental protection
material development, and manufacturing.
‣Therefore, many advanced countries use
“environmental protection” as their trade and act
policy, such as:
WEEE (EU Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment),
RoHS (the Restriction of the use of certain hazardous
substances in electrical and electronic equipment)
EuP/ErP (Energy using/related Products)
REACH (Registration Evaluation and Authorization of
Chemicals)
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So, What is the Fenoy TM ?
‣In FENC, we use the recycled PET with
other plastics by special blend technology to
obtain the rPET alloy, that is Fenoy TM .
‣Features:
Excellent Processing Performance
Good Impact Resistance
High Heat Deflection Temperature(HDT)
Properties similar to commodity engineering
plastics(PC,ABS,PC/ABS..)
Decrease 26~40% CO2 emission compared to
general engineering plastics (PAS 2050:2008
Carbon Footprint)
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PET Alloy Mechanical Properties
Fenoy TM F-30R F-50R F-70R CHIMEI
ABS
CHIMEI
PC/ABS
SABIC IP
PC/ABA
TEST
Method
Recycle PET(%) 25-30 45-50 65-70
Density(g/cm3) 1.22 1.25 1.29 1.04 1.14 -- ASTM D792
Thermal
Property
MI(300℃ g/10min) 10~20 10~20 10~20 -- -- -- ASTM D1238
HDT(℃) 110-120 100-110 70-80 88 108 95 ASTM D648
Mold Shrinkage(%) ≦0.4 ≦0.4 ≦0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 ASTM D955
Mechanical
Property
Izod impact strength 23℃ 70-80 70-80 70-80 23 55 63 ASTM D256
(Notched) (kg-cm/cm) -30℃ 7~10 7~10 7~10 -- 14 10
Tensile Strength (kg/cm2) 564 491 505 485 540 661 ASTM D638
Young’s Modulus (kg/cm2) 2313 2220 1619 -- 2221 2496 ASTM D638
Flexural Strength (kg/cm2) 873 755 723 780 800 -- ASTM D790
Flexural Modulus (kg/cm2) 22008 19272 20010 27000 23500 -- ASTM D790
UL 94 HB HB HB -- -- -- ASTM D5025
D5207
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Fenoy TM Application (ex:Injection Molding)
Transformers, headphone, headphone hub, clamp, cell phone case, 3C appliance housings…

Contact:Johnny Hsu, Chun-Chia
E-mail:cchsu@fenc.com
42

FENC’s Green Initiatives
Enabling
Biodegradable Copolyester
& Application
Green
Technology
Novel PLA Material
Impact/Heat-Resistant
Fenoy TM
rPET-based Alloy

E N D
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION !
More Information Please Contact:
Johnny Hsu, Chun-Chia
Project Manager, Polymer Div.
Far Eastern Group R&D Center
Taiwan, R.O.C.
Email:cchsu@fenc.com
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