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Book Reviews 163
to be cast out, and his reluctant limitation of these activities
because of their demands on him. Milingo is fully aware of these
parallels, and in addition draws on the devotional and scriptural
evidence that points to himself as the typological rejected
prophet.
Milingo's articulate theological treatise is a plea for a
more African-centred Christianity, but not just for Africa. His
main theme is the creation of a ministry of healing which invites
a response from the spirits. He suggests that this particular
kind of ministry may have relevance for the whole world in its
present state of spiritual crisis.
The title of the book, The World Between, refers to the
spirit world, but Milingo is himself very much 'in between'. He
received a Catholic education not only in Zambia, but also in
Dublin and Rome. He has read some anthropology. In his writing,
he makes use of the African christological approach, in which typologies
from an assumed African theological constellation are incorporated
into the Christian paradigm: hence Christ the medicineman,
Christ the diviner and, for Milingo, Christ the 'elder'. But
he is critical of Western Christianity and of the West. He says
that many Africans have returned from Europe, their faith abandoned,
because Europeans had turned cut to be so different from the
high expectations of them. He adds that for some in Europe, the
query, 'What good can come out of Nazareth?' could be replaced by
'Africa?'. He stresses that 'We still have to struggle to present
the needs of Africans in the church', and cites the Kenyan nun who
said 'We leave Him in church on Sunday and ask our ancestral gods
to accompany us for the rest of the week'. God is equated with
'European', and is, moreover, considered too remote to deal with
the problems of ordinary Africans.
The extracts in the book in no way challenge the existing
political order, but they do provide some criticism of the present
state of the Church in Africa. He says that those now in power
are themselves the products of a Christian (often Catholic) upbringing
and education, and yet they have 'imprisoned' the Church
and its officials~ who have to flatter those in high office for
survival.
Milingo can be regarded as a 'sign' that has come out of
Africa, but one that remains contained within the edges of the
Church. He is a reminder that the Christian Church has remained
unbending in its attitude towards its loyal African converts. It
seems stubbornly to refuse to learn from other experiences. Milingo
refers to 'God our mother' and evokes the idea that the
Church's rigid rejection of the female claim to priesthood can be
paralleled with its reluctance to accept the prophetic voice of an
African priest. In both cases, the challenge comes from things
associated with the Church's 'darker' past - the temptresses,
witches, unruly spirits and magic still hovering threateningly on
her boundaries.
PAT HOLDEN