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Cognitive Studies, 17(3), 506-524. (Sep. 2010)<br />

— <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

In the creative design process, it is difficult to observe the creative process from an<br />

inner perspective when people are deeply engaged in their work. The reason behind<br />

this is that the people who are absorbed in the work are assumed to have entered the<br />

flow state. Moreover, an external observation of the design process fails to grasp the<br />

designers’ thoughts since they are stimulated by intrinsic motivation and formed owing<br />

to inner dynamics.<br />

The aim of the study described in this <strong>paper</strong> is to propose a method to observe the<br />

internal thoughts elicited during the creative design process by extending Reflections<br />

and Poietiques. This method comprises three stages: (1) the creative design process,<br />

(2) the formulation of two reports on the designer’s work by the designer and a third<br />

person (art researcher), and (3) the formulation of another report by the designer after<br />

examining both the reports created in the second stage. The process of self-formation is<br />

expected to begin in the third stage. The observation is determined to be established,<br />

on condition that the self-formation is confirmed during this observation process.<br />

We applied this method to a space-designing project. The three reports were analyzed,<br />

both quantitatively and qualitatively, and a number of observations that were<br />

not included in the previous two reports were identified in the third report. Following<br />

these analyses, we could confirm that the process of self-formation was initiated in the<br />

third stage and the observation was complete.<br />

Keywords: design, creativity, self-formation, self<br />

re-investigation, poietiques, internal observation<br />

1. <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

Internal Observation of the Design Process by Extending<br />

Reflections and Poietiques — A Methodology<br />

to Study Self-reinvestigation based on Selfformation<br />

Concluded in the Self Re-investigation<br />

Stage, by Yukari Nagai (Japan Advanced Institute<br />

of Science and Technology), Toshiharu Taura (Kobe<br />

University), Koutaro Sano (Japan Advanced Institute<br />

of Science and Technology), and Ayumi Yasui<br />

(Kanazawa College of Art).<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(, 2010a)<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(, 2010b)


Vol. 17 No. 3 507<br />

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<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(Nagai<br />

& Taura, 2009)<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(, 1997)<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

(, 2000)<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(Csikszentmihalyi, 1990; Getzel<br />

& Csikszentmihalyi, 1976)<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

(Nagai<br />

& Taura, 2006; Taura & Nagai, 2009; Csikszentmihalyi,<br />

2009)<br />

<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

intrinsic motivation<br />

(Amabile, 1985; Loewenstein,<br />

1994; Collins & Amabile, 1999, Csikszentmihalyi,<br />

2009). <br />

(extrinsic motivation) <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

3 <br />

<br />

2 <br />

3 <br />

<br />

2


508 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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2. <br />

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(Finke et al., 2001)<br />

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(Poietiques) <br />

(La poetique) <br />

Peri poiẽtikẽs <br />

<br />

“to make”


Vol. 17 No. 3 509<br />

(, 2007; ,<br />

1984)<br />

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(, 1980)<br />

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, 2001, 2006)<br />

<br />

<br />

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(practice based research) <br />

(engagement) <br />

(Bilda<br />

et al., 2008; Candy & Costello, 2008)<br />

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1998; Taura, Yoshimi, & Ikai, 2002)<br />

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Schon (1983, 1987) <br />

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(Suwa, 2009)<br />

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2.4


510 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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Vol. 17 No. 3 511<br />

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512 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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Vol. 17 No. 3 513<br />

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514 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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Vol. 17 No. 3 515<br />

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516 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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2 2 <br />

4 3 24<br />

2005 4 2007 3 <br />

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Vol. 17 No. 3 517<br />

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518 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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Vol. 17 No. 3 519<br />

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520 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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Vol. 17 No. 3 521<br />

(1) <br />

, <br />

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<br />

(K) <br />

<br />

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<br />

7. <br />

10<br />

<br />

(2009)<br />

1, 2 <br />

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() <br />

<br />

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<br />

(1999)


522 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

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24<br />

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8. <br />

<br />

<br />

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<br />

<br />

<br />

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Designing for Creative Engagement, In Interaction<br />

Design and Creative Practice Special<br />

issue. Design Studies. Elsevier, 29, 525–540.<br />

Candy, L., & Costello, B. M. Eds. (2008). Interaction<br />

Design and Creative Practice Special<br />

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. .<br />

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(<br />

), . ( Clark, K. (1939).


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(2010a). <br />

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, 17, 389–402.<br />

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(1958).. .<br />

(1969). .<br />

.<br />

(2007). <br />

. , 14, 437–454.<br />

(Received 29 Jan. 2010)<br />

(Accepted 9 June 2010)


524 Cognitive Studies Sep. 2010<br />

<br />

()<br />

<br />

1990 , 2003<br />

Ph.D (University of Technology,<br />

Sydney, 2009 )<br />

Loughborough<br />

University, Creativity &<br />

Cognition Research Studios 2002<br />

2004 <br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

<br />

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Design Research Society, ACM, ASME, <br />

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1993 98<br />

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1977 <br />

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