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Claude Steele talk - Columbia University Graduate School of ...

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The Underperformance Phenomenon<br />

Performance<br />

Criterion <br />

(e.g., Freshman<br />

or Cumulative<br />

GPA) <br />

All Students<br />

Ability <br />

Stereotyped <br />

Students (e.g.,<br />

Women in<br />

math, <br />

African<br />

Americans)<br />

Ability (Preparation) Predictor Scores (e.g., SAT scores) <br />

Underperformance: At every level <strong>of</strong> preparation, performance on the criterion measure is lower<br />

for members <strong>of</strong> the ability-stereotyped group.

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