Contents and summary - Judicial Commission of New South Wales

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Published in Sydney by the: Judicial Commission of New South Wales Level 5, 301 George Street, Sydney NSW 2000 DX 886 Sydney GPO Box 3634 Sydney NSW 2001 www.judcom.nsw.gov.au Barnes, Lynne (Lynette Ann). Sentencing robbery offenders since the Henry guideline judgment Bibliography. ISBN 9780731356188 (pbk.). 1. New South Wales Crimes Act 1900. 2. New South Wales. Court of Criminal Appeal. 3. Sentences (Criminal procedure) — New South Wales. 4. Robbery — New South Wales. 5. Criminal justice, Administration of — New South Wales. I. Poletti, Patrizia. II. Judicial Commission of New South Wales. III. Title. 345.9440772 © Judicial Commission of New South Wales 2007 This publication is copyright. Other than for the purposes of, and subject to the conditions prescribed under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth), no part of it may in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, microcopying, photocopying, recording or otherwise) be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted without prior permission. Enquiries should be addressed to the publisher. The views expressed in this monograph are the views of the individual authors and do not represent any official views of the Judicial Commission of New South Wales, nor are they necessarily shared by all members of the staff of the Commission. Whilst all reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this publication, no liability is assumed for any errors or omissions. Editors: Angela Damis and Rowena Johns Graphic design and typesetting: Lorraine Beal Printed by: Emerald Press ii
Contents Table of cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Table of statutes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii List of tables and figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Summary of findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Part 1 Robbery in context 1.1 The development of the offence of robbery at common law and in statute . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1.1 A definition of robbery at common law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1.2 Legislative history of robbery offences in NSW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.2 The historical role of deterrence and the Henry guideline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.2.1 The colonial period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1.2.2 The post-colonial period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 1.2.3 The R v Henry guideline judgment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 1.2.4 The implications of the armed robbery guideline for other robbery offences and particular offenders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 1.2.5 Henry and the purposes of punishment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 1.3 Prevalence of robbery offences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 1.3.1 Incidence and prevalence of robbery in the community since the Henry guideline (1999–2005). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 1.3.2 Attrition of robbery offences from the NSW criminal justice system (1999–2005). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Part 2 Overview of sentencing patterns for robbery offences under ss 94–98 of the Crimes Act 1900 2.1 Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2.2 Analysis and findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.2.1 Higher courts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 2.2.2 Local Court . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 2.2.3 Children’s Court. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 2.2.4 Summary of findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Part 3 The research study: an analysis and discussion of remarks on sentence 3.1 Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3.1.1 The sample selected. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3.1.2 The areas of inquiry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 iii
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Contents and summary - Judicial Commission of New South Wales

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